利用岩石的Kaiser效应测定储层地应力
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摘要
用单轴压缩试验测试岩石Kaiser效应特征,进而确定岩体地应力状态的方法,在岩体工程实践中得到广泛的应用。长庆靖安油田长6储层属于低孔低渗储层,需要进行水力压裂后才能得到高效地开发,为此必须研究该储层的地应力。用岩石的Kaiser效应,结合岩芯古地磁定向来研究储层19口井的地应力。研究结果表明,岩石声发射得到的最小主应力与水压致裂瞬时停泵法进行比较,大小吻合较好,而用岩芯古地磁定向结合岩石的声发射测试,能准确测定出地层中主应力分布的方向,与地层倾角测井解释成果比较接近。
The acoustic emission(AE)technique is investigated to measure rock in-situ stress using the Kaiser effect of rock under uniaxial compression,which characterizes AE increase in an increasing stress exceeds the previous stress.The rock cores are obtained from the vertically drilled exploratory boreholes in Jing′an oil field.It is shown that the commonly used Kaiser effect method for estimating in-situ stress is in accordance with the results obtained by instantaneous shut-in method of hydraulic fracturing.And the orientation of the maximum horizontal stress in reservoir by Kaiser effect combining paleomagnetic orientation of cores is also accordance with the results obtained by diplog.
The acoustic emission(AE)technique is investigated to measure rock in-situ stress using the Kaiser effect of rock under uniaxial compression,which characterizes AE increase in an increasing stress exceeds the previous stress.The rock cores are obtained from the vertically drilled exploratory boreholes in Jing′an oil field.It is shown that the commonly used Kaiser effect method for estimating in-situ stress is in accordance with the results obtained by instantaneous shut-in method of hydraulic fracturing.And the orientation of the maximum horizontal stress in reservoir by Kaiser effect combining paleomagnetic orientation of cores is also accordance with the results obtained by diplog.
引文
[1]蔡美峰,乔兰.地应力测量原理和技术[M].北京:科学出版社,1995:13–90.(CAI Meifeng,QIAO Lan.The theory and techniques of in-situ stress measurement[M].Beijing:Science Press,1995:13–90.(in Chinese))
[2]李志明,张金珠.地应力与油气勘探开发[M].北京:石油工业出版社,1997.(LI Zhiming,ZHANG Jinzhu.Crustal stresses and petroleum exploration and development[M].Beijing:Petroleum Industry Press,1997.(in Chinese))
[3]张伯崇,李方全.水压致裂裂缝的形成和扩展研究[M].北京:地震出版社,1999.(ZHANG Bochong,LI Fangquan.Research on the fracture generation and propagation under hydrao-fracturing[M].Beijing:Earthquake Press,1999.(in Chinese))
[4]王建军.应用水压致裂法测量三维地应力的几个问题[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2000,19(2):229–233.(WANG Jianjun.Severalproblems in application of hydraulic fracturing method to in-situ3D stress measurement[J].Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,2000,19(2):229–233.(in Chinese))
[5]KAISER E J.A study of acoustic phenomena in tensile test[Ph.D.Thesis][D].Munchen:Technisce Hochschule,1950.
[6]LAVROV A.The Kaiser effect in rocks principles and stress estimation techniques[J].International Journal of Rock Mechanics and Mining Sciences,2003,40(2):151–171.
[7]秦四清,李造鼎,张倬元,等.岩石生发射技术概论[M].成都:西南交通大学出版社,1993.(QIN Siqing,LI Zaoding,ZHANG Zhuoyuan,et al.An introduction to acoustic emission techniques in rocks[M].Chengdu:Southwest Jiaotong University Press,1993.(in Chinese))
[8]李造鼎,宋纳新,秦四清.应用岩石声发射凯塞效应测定地应力[J].东北大学学报,1994,15(3):248–252.(LI Zaoding,SONG Naxin,QIN Siqing.Measurement of geo-stress with Kaiser effect of acoustic emission[J].Journal of Northeastern University,1994,15(3):248–252.(in Chinese))
[9]MOMEYEZ M,RHASSANI F.Application of Kaiser effect to measure in-situ stresses in underground mines[M].Rotterdam:A.A.Balkema,1992:979–987.
[10]HOLCOMB D J.Observations of the Kaiser effect under multiaxial stress states:implications for use in determining in-situ stress[J].Geophys.Res.Lett.,1993,20(19):2119–2122.
[11]WANG H T,XIAN X F,YIN G Z,et al.A new method of determining geostresses by the acoustic emission Kaiser effect[J].International Journal of Rock Mechanics and Mining Sciences,2000,37(3):543–547.
[12]李庶林,尹贤刚,王泳嘉,等.单轴受压岩石破坏全过程声发射特征研究[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2004,23(15):2499–2503.(LI Shulin,YIN Xiangang,WANG Yongjia,et al.Studies on acoustic emission characteristics of uniaxial compressive rock failure[J].Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,2004,23(15):2499–2503.(in Chinese))
[13]姜永东,鲜学福,许江.岩石声发射Kaiser效应应用于地应力测试的研究[J].岩土力学,2005,26(6):946–950.(JIANG Yongdong,XIAN Xuefu,XU Jiang.Research on application of Kaiser effect of acoustic emission to measuring initial stress in rock mass[J].Rock and Soil Mechanics,2005,26(6):946–950.(in Chinese))
[14]张广清,金衍,陈勉.利用围压下岩石的凯泽效应测定地应力[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2002,21(3):360–363.(ZHANG Guangqing,JIN Yan,CHEN Mian.Measurement of in-situ stress by Kaiser effect under confining pressures[J].Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,2002,21(3):360–363.(in Chinese))
[15]张景和,刘翔鄂,刘勇谦.利用岩石声发射Kaiser效应测地应力的新方法[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2002,21(3):360–363.(ZHANG Jinghe,LIU Xiang,LIU Yongqian.A new method for gauging geostress in rock effect of Kaiser′s acoustic emission[J].Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,2002,21(3):360–363.(in Chinese))
[16]陈强,朱宝龙,胡厚田.岩石Kaiser效应测定地应力场的试验研究[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2006,25(7):1371–1376.(CHEN Qiang,ZHU Baolong,HU Houtian.Experimental research on measurement of in-situ stress field by Kaiser effect[J].Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,2006,25(7):1371–1376.(in Chinese))
[17]徐林生.通渝隧道Kaiser效应地应力测试研究[J].重庆交通学院学报,2006,25(2):25–27.(XU Linsheng.Geostress measurement of Kaiser effect in Tongyu tunnel[J].Journal of Chongqing Jiaotong University,2006,25(2):25–27.(in Chinese))
[18]SETOL M,UTAGAWAL M,KATSUYAMAL K,et al.In-situ stress determination by acoustic emission technique[J].International Journal of Rock Mechanics and Mining Sciences,2000,37(3):543–547.
[19]董平川.利用岩芯古地磁定向研究油藏水平主应力方向[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2004,23(14):2480–2483.(DONG Pingchuan.Orientation determination of maximum horizontal stress in reservoir formation by paleomagnetic orientation of cores[J].Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,2004,23(14):2480–2483.(in Chinese))
[20]董平川.油气储层地应力、裂缝系统及流固耦合渗流机制研究[R].北京:石油大学,2000.(DONG Pingchuan.The research on in-situ stresses,fracture system and the mechanism of the fluid-solid coupling seepage in deforming oil and gas reservoirs[R].Beijing:China University of Petroleum,2000.(in Chinese))
[2]李志明,张金珠.地应力与油气勘探开发[M].北京:石油工业出版社,1997.(LI Zhiming,ZHANG Jinzhu.Crustal stresses and petroleum exploration and development[M].Beijing:Petroleum Industry Press,1997.(in Chinese))
[3]张伯崇,李方全.水压致裂裂缝的形成和扩展研究[M].北京:地震出版社,1999.(ZHANG Bochong,LI Fangquan.Research on the fracture generation and propagation under hydrao-fracturing[M].Beijing:Earthquake Press,1999.(in Chinese))
[4]王建军.应用水压致裂法测量三维地应力的几个问题[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2000,19(2):229–233.(WANG Jianjun.Severalproblems in application of hydraulic fracturing method to in-situ3D stress measurement[J].Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,2000,19(2):229–233.(in Chinese))
[5]KAISER E J.A study of acoustic phenomena in tensile test[Ph.D.Thesis][D].Munchen:Technisce Hochschule,1950.
[6]LAVROV A.The Kaiser effect in rocks principles and stress estimation techniques[J].International Journal of Rock Mechanics and Mining Sciences,2003,40(2):151–171.
[7]秦四清,李造鼎,张倬元,等.岩石生发射技术概论[M].成都:西南交通大学出版社,1993.(QIN Siqing,LI Zaoding,ZHANG Zhuoyuan,et al.An introduction to acoustic emission techniques in rocks[M].Chengdu:Southwest Jiaotong University Press,1993.(in Chinese))
[8]李造鼎,宋纳新,秦四清.应用岩石声发射凯塞效应测定地应力[J].东北大学学报,1994,15(3):248–252.(LI Zaoding,SONG Naxin,QIN Siqing.Measurement of geo-stress with Kaiser effect of acoustic emission[J].Journal of Northeastern University,1994,15(3):248–252.(in Chinese))
[9]MOMEYEZ M,RHASSANI F.Application of Kaiser effect to measure in-situ stresses in underground mines[M].Rotterdam:A.A.Balkema,1992:979–987.
[10]HOLCOMB D J.Observations of the Kaiser effect under multiaxial stress states:implications for use in determining in-situ stress[J].Geophys.Res.Lett.,1993,20(19):2119–2122.
[11]WANG H T,XIAN X F,YIN G Z,et al.A new method of determining geostresses by the acoustic emission Kaiser effect[J].International Journal of Rock Mechanics and Mining Sciences,2000,37(3):543–547.
[12]李庶林,尹贤刚,王泳嘉,等.单轴受压岩石破坏全过程声发射特征研究[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2004,23(15):2499–2503.(LI Shulin,YIN Xiangang,WANG Yongjia,et al.Studies on acoustic emission characteristics of uniaxial compressive rock failure[J].Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,2004,23(15):2499–2503.(in Chinese))
[13]姜永东,鲜学福,许江.岩石声发射Kaiser效应应用于地应力测试的研究[J].岩土力学,2005,26(6):946–950.(JIANG Yongdong,XIAN Xuefu,XU Jiang.Research on application of Kaiser effect of acoustic emission to measuring initial stress in rock mass[J].Rock and Soil Mechanics,2005,26(6):946–950.(in Chinese))
[14]张广清,金衍,陈勉.利用围压下岩石的凯泽效应测定地应力[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2002,21(3):360–363.(ZHANG Guangqing,JIN Yan,CHEN Mian.Measurement of in-situ stress by Kaiser effect under confining pressures[J].Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,2002,21(3):360–363.(in Chinese))
[15]张景和,刘翔鄂,刘勇谦.利用岩石声发射Kaiser效应测地应力的新方法[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2002,21(3):360–363.(ZHANG Jinghe,LIU Xiang,LIU Yongqian.A new method for gauging geostress in rock effect of Kaiser′s acoustic emission[J].Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,2002,21(3):360–363.(in Chinese))
[16]陈强,朱宝龙,胡厚田.岩石Kaiser效应测定地应力场的试验研究[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2006,25(7):1371–1376.(CHEN Qiang,ZHU Baolong,HU Houtian.Experimental research on measurement of in-situ stress field by Kaiser effect[J].Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,2006,25(7):1371–1376.(in Chinese))
[17]徐林生.通渝隧道Kaiser效应地应力测试研究[J].重庆交通学院学报,2006,25(2):25–27.(XU Linsheng.Geostress measurement of Kaiser effect in Tongyu tunnel[J].Journal of Chongqing Jiaotong University,2006,25(2):25–27.(in Chinese))
[18]SETOL M,UTAGAWAL M,KATSUYAMAL K,et al.In-situ stress determination by acoustic emission technique[J].International Journal of Rock Mechanics and Mining Sciences,2000,37(3):543–547.
[19]董平川.利用岩芯古地磁定向研究油藏水平主应力方向[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2004,23(14):2480–2483.(DONG Pingchuan.Orientation determination of maximum horizontal stress in reservoir formation by paleomagnetic orientation of cores[J].Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,2004,23(14):2480–2483.(in Chinese))
[20]董平川.油气储层地应力、裂缝系统及流固耦合渗流机制研究[R].北京:石油大学,2000.(DONG Pingchuan.The research on in-situ stresses,fracture system and the mechanism of the fluid-solid coupling seepage in deforming oil and gas reservoirs[R].Beijing:China University of Petroleum,2000.(in Chinese))
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