高温三维应力下鲁灰花岗岩蠕变本构关系的研究
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摘要
采用中国矿业大学的20 MN高温高压岩体三轴试验机进行了高温三维应力下大尺寸Φ200 mm×400 mm鲁灰花岗岩蠕变特性的实验研究,温度最高达到了600℃,轴向应力最高达到了175 MPa。通过对实验数据的分析,发现高温三维应力条件下静水应力引发鲁灰花岗岩发生蠕变变形,提出了考虑静水应力作用时稳态蠕变率的本构方程,得到了鲁灰花岗岩蠕变本构方程的参数A1,A2,?Q,m,n。研究还发现静水应力下的蠕变和差应力下的蠕变曲线特征相同,同样可以划分为初始蠕变阶段、稳态蠕变阶段和加速蠕变阶段三个阶段,鲁灰花岗岩的蠕变变形是温度,差应力和静水应力的函数,温度、差应力和静水应力的升高都会加速鲁灰花岗岩的蠕变变形。
By use of the 20 MN servo-controlled triaxial rock testing machine with high temperature and high pressure in China University of Mining and Technology,an experimental study is carried out on creep properties of large size granite specimens of Φ200 mm×400 mm with temperature up to 600℃ and axial stress up to 175 MPa.Through the analysis of experimental data,it is discovered that hydrostatic stress can cause creep formulation of lu gray granite.A constitutive equation of stable-state creep rate considering hydrostatic stress is thus proposed.The creep constitutive equation parameters of lu gray granite A1,A2,ΔQ,m,n are obtained.It is discovered that the creep properties caused by hydrostatic stress are the same as those caused by the differential stress in lu gray granite.It can also be divided into three stages: transient creep,stable-state creep and accerlerating creep.The creep formulation of lu gray granite is a function of temperature,differential stress and hydrostatic stress.Increase of temperature,differential stress and hydrostatic stress can accerlerate the creep formulation of lu gray granite.
By use of the 20 MN servo-controlled triaxial rock testing machine with high temperature and high pressure in China University of Mining and Technology,an experimental study is carried out on creep properties of large size granite specimens of Φ200 mm×400 mm with temperature up to 600℃ and axial stress up to 175 MPa.Through the analysis of experimental data,it is discovered that hydrostatic stress can cause creep formulation of lu gray granite.A constitutive equation of stable-state creep rate considering hydrostatic stress is thus proposed.The creep constitutive equation parameters of lu gray granite A1,A2,ΔQ,m,n are obtained.It is discovered that the creep properties caused by hydrostatic stress are the same as those caused by the differential stress in lu gray granite.It can also be divided into three stages: transient creep,stable-state creep and accerlerating creep.The creep formulation of lu gray granite is a function of temperature,differential stress and hydrostatic stress.Increase of temperature,differential stress and hydrostatic stress can accerlerate the creep formulation of lu gray granite.
引文
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[3]王子潮,王绳祖.中下地壳温度压力条件下岩石半脆性蠕变的实验研究[J].地震地质,1990,12(4):335–343.(WANG Zi-chao,WANG Sheng-zu.Experimental study on semi-brittle behavior of rocks at temperature and pressure corresponding to middle-lower crust[J].Seismology and Geology,1990,12(4):335–343.(in Chinese))
[4]陈宗基,石泽全.用8000 kN多功能三轴仪测量脆性岩石的扩容、蠕变和松弛[J].岩石力学与工程学报,1989,8(2):87–117.(CHEN Zong-ji,SHI Ze-quan.Measurement of volume expansion,creep and relax of brittle rock by 8000 kN universal triaxial test machine[J].Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,1989,8(2):87–117.(in Chinese))
[5]YANG C H,DAEMEN J J.Temperature effects on creep of tuff and its time-dependent damage analysis[J].International Journal of Rock Mechanics and Mining Sciences,1997,34(3-4):383–384.
[6]高小平,杨春和,吴文,等.盐岩蠕变特性温度效应的实验研究[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2005,24(12):2054–2059.(GAO Xiao-ping,YANG Chun-he,WU Wen,et al.Experimental studies on temperature dependent properties of rock salt[J].Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,2005,24(12):2054–2059.(in Chinese))
[7]BROWN T A,HEUZE F E.New system for high temperature triaxial creep testing of rocks[C]//US Symposium on Rock Mechanics,2000.
[8]DWIVEDI R D,GOEL R K,PRASAD V V,et al.Thermo-mechanical properties of Indian and other granites[J].International Journal of Rock Mechanics and Mining Sciences,2008,45(3):303–315.
[9]赵阳升,万志军,张渊,等.20 MN伺服控制高温高压岩体三轴试验机的研制[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2008,27(1):1–8.(ZHAO Yang-sheng,WAN Zhi-jun,ZHANG Yuan,et al.Research and development of 20 MN servo-controlled rock triaxial testing system with high temperature and high pressure[J].Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,2008,27(1):1–8.(in chinese))
[10]孙天泽.高围压条件下岩石力学性质的温度效应[J].地球物理学进展,1996.11(4):63–71.(SUN Tian-ze.Temperature effect of rock machanics under high confining pressure[J].Progress in Geophysics,1996,11(4):63–71.(in Chinese))
[11]周维垣.高等岩石力学[M].北京:水利电力出版社.1990.(ZHOU Wei-yuan.Advanced rock mechanics[M].Beijing:Water Resources and Electric Power Press.1990.(in Chinese))
[12]孙钧.岩土材料流变及其工程应用[M].北京:中国建筑工业出版社,1999.(SUN Jun.Rheology and its engineering application of rock and soil materials[M].Beijing:China Architecture and Building Press,1999.(in Chinese))
[13]周德培.流变力学原理及其在岩土工程中的应用[M].成都:西南交通大学出版社,1995.(ZHOU De-pei.Principle of rheology mechanics and its application in rock and soil engineering[M].Chengdu:Southwest Jiaotong University Press,1995.(in Chinese))
[14]WEBSTER G A,COX A P D,DORN J E.A relationship between transient and steady state creep at elevated temperature[J].Met Sci J,1969(3):221–225.
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