岩质陡坡上危岩崩落机理研究
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摘要
岩质陡坡上的危岩崩落一般遵循危岩链式规律。差异风化形成的岩腔是危岩崩落的起搏器,岩质陡坡上的危岩多为群体危岩,因此必须考虑危岩块之间的相互作用。采用危岩块体的转角衡量危岩块之间的相互作用,即首先计算出不考虑相互作用时危岩块的转角,然后运用能量守恒原理得到各个危岩块相互作用后的实际转角计算方法,据此由转角建立了各个危岩块的等效弯矩计算公式。基于断裂力学和损伤力学原理得到了各危岩块崩落时间的计算方法,验证了危岩链式规律为岩质陡坡及其附近地貌的形成提供了理论依据。
The rock collapse from cliff generally follows the regularity of chain.The rock cavity formed due to different weathering is the starter of rock collapse.The perilous rock on cliff is mostly group of rocks and therefore,the interaction between them must be considered.The turning angle of rock block is used to measure the interaction between rock blocks.That is,we first calculate the turning angles of perilous rock blocks without considering their interaction and then calculate the real turning angles with consideration of their interaction by law of energy conservation.Based on this,a formula of equivalent bending moment by angle for each perilous rock is established.A formula for the collapse time of each perilous rock is also obtained based on the fracture mechanics and damage mechanics,verifying the law of chain perilous rock and providing a theoretical basis for the study of the formation of rock cliff and nearby landscape.
The rock collapse from cliff generally follows the regularity of chain.The rock cavity formed due to different weathering is the starter of rock collapse.The perilous rock on cliff is mostly group of rocks and therefore,the interaction between them must be considered.The turning angle of rock block is used to measure the interaction between rock blocks.That is,we first calculate the turning angles of perilous rock blocks without considering their interaction and then calculate the real turning angles with consideration of their interaction by law of energy conservation.Based on this,a formula of equivalent bending moment by angle for each perilous rock is established.A formula for the collapse time of each perilous rock is also obtained based on the fracture mechanics and damage mechanics,verifying the law of chain perilous rock and providing a theoretical basis for the study of the formation of rock cliff and nearby landscape.
引文
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[14]中国航空研究院.应力强度因子手册[M].北京:科学出版社,1981.
[15]Chen HK,Tang HM,Zhu H.Research on duration for perilousrock to form[J].WSEAS TRANS.on Applied and TheoreticalMechanics,2006(2),169-173.
[16]周家文,徐卫亚,等.基于破坏准则的岩石压剪断裂判据研究[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2007,26(6):1194-1201.
[2]Richard J C,Stanley A S,David E S.Geomorphology[M].Cam-bridge:the University Press of Cambridge,1984.
[3]Chen HK,Tang HM,Ye S Q.Damage model of control fissurein perilous rock[J].Applied Mathematics and Mechanics,2006,27(7):967-974.
[4]Chen HK,Tang H M.Method to calculation fatigue fracture lifeof control fissure[J].Applied Mathematics and Mechanics,2007,28(5):643-649.
[5]陈洪凯,唐红梅,王蓉.三峡库区危岩稳定性计算方法及应用[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2004,23(4),614-619.
[6]唐红梅,易朋莹.危岩落石运动路径研究[J].重庆建筑大学学报,2003,25(1),17-23.
[7]Luuk K A,Dorren,Arie C.Seijmonsbergen.Comparison of threeGIS-based models for predicting rockfall runout zones at a regionalscale[J].Geomorphology,2003,56:49-64.
[8]Agliardi F,Crosta G B.High resolution three-dimensional numeri-cal modeling of rockfalls[J].International Journal of Rock Me-chanics&Mining Sciences,2003,40:455-471.
[9]Chen HK,Tang HM.Chained mechanismand moving routine forperilous rock to avalanche in the area of the three gorges reservoirof china[A].the Proceedings of the China Association for Sci-ence and Technology[C]//Beijing:Science Press and SciencePress USA Inc.2006,3(1),501-506.
[10]陈洪凯.三峡库区危岩链式规律的地貌学解释[J].重庆交通大学学报:自然科学版,2008,27(1):92-95.
[11]Antonio B,Herbert H E.Numerical modeling of fracture coales-cence in a model rock material[J].International Journal of Frac-ture,1998,92:221-252.
[12]Omer M,Abdel KU.Fracture mechanisms of offset rock joints-Alaboratory investigation[J].Geotechnical and Geological Engi-neering,2004,22:545-562.
[13]余寿文,冯西桥.损伤力学[M].北京:清华大学出版社,1997.
[14]中国航空研究院.应力强度因子手册[M].北京:科学出版社,1981.
[15]Chen HK,Tang HM,Zhu H.Research on duration for perilousrock to form[J].WSEAS TRANS.on Applied and TheoreticalMechanics,2006(2),169-173.
[16]周家文,徐卫亚,等.基于破坏准则的岩石压剪断裂判据研究[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2007,26(6):1194-1201.
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