岩块卸荷效应与工程岩体质量评价
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摘要
工程岩体质量评价是地下洞室工程选址、设计必须回答的主要工程地质问题,在许多常用的岩体质量评价方法中,岩体的完整性指数是一个重要评价指标,而由于岩芯卸荷效应和室内、原位波速测试的频率差异方面的原因导致岩体完整性指数不能够准确的表示岩体的完整程度,有时甚至会产生岩体完整性指数大于1的不合理的现象。论文针对以上问题开展岩块波速应力关系相关的试验,研究岩块的波速应力关系,提出岩块卸荷指标和频率修正系数2个因子对岩体完整性指数计算公式进行修正,进而对国标BQ岩体质量分级法进行改进。最后将改进的BQ岩体质量分级法在黄岛地下水封石油洞库工程中进行应用,评价结果表明场区绝大部分岩体质量都为I级或II级。
For most evaluating methods of engineering rock mass,the integrality index is an important assessment factor.However,sometimes the value of integrality index would be more than 1.0 because of unloading effect of rock samples and differentia of frequency between the measurements of rock samples and rock mass.In order to solve this problem,unloading index and frequency correcting coefficient were put forward to revise the integrality index.Moreover,the BQ evaluating method proposed in the national standard(GB 50218-94) was improved with the revised method.With the case study of the project of water sealed underground oil tank in Huangdao,it was found that the quality of rock mass in the site was grade I or II.
For most evaluating methods of engineering rock mass,the integrality index is an important assessment factor.However,sometimes the value of integrality index would be more than 1.0 because of unloading effect of rock samples and differentia of frequency between the measurements of rock samples and rock mass.In order to solve this problem,unloading index and frequency correcting coefficient were put forward to revise the integrality index.Moreover,the BQ evaluating method proposed in the national standard(GB 50218-94) was improved with the revised method.With the case study of the project of water sealed underground oil tank in Huangdao,it was found that the quality of rock mass in the site was grade I or II.
引文
[1]李晓昭,安英杰,俞缙,等.岩芯卸荷扰动的声学反应与卸荷敏感岩体[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2003,22
(12):2086-2092.LI XIAO-ZHAO,AN YING-JIE,YU JIN,et al.Acoustic responses to rock core unloading-disturbanceand unloading-sensitive rock mass[J].Chinese Journalof Rock Mechanics and Engineering,2003,22(12):2086-2092.
[2]边智华,李维树.南京长江二桥基岩的工程力学性质试验研究[J].长江科学院院报,1999,16(4):42-45.BIAN ZHI-HUA,LI WEI-SHU.Research onengineering mechanics properties of rock foundationunder second Changjiang bridge in Nanjing[J].Journalof Yangtze River Scientific Research Institute,1999,16(4):42-45.
[3]O’CONNEL.Seismic velocities in dry and saturatedcracked solids[J].J.Geophys.Res.,1974,97:5412-5426.
[4]高龙生,葛焕称.中国大陆岩石标本在高压下的弹性波速的初步研究[J].地球物理学报,1975,18(1):26-38.GAO LONG-SHENG,GE HUAN-CHEN.Apreliminary study of P-and S-wave velocities under highpressure of rock samples from the mainland of China[J].Acta Geophysica Sinica,1975,18(1):26-38.
[5]黄承贤,宋大卫.在围压下岩石弹性波速的研究[J].岩土工程学报,1991,13(2):32-41.HUANG CHENG-XIAN,SONG DA-WEI.Study onelastic wave velocity of rock under confining pressure[J].Chinese Journal of Geotechnical Engineering,1991,13(2):32-41.
[6]施行觉,孙道远.循环应力作用下松散介质的波速和衰减特性[J].岩土程学报,2001,23(1):114-116.SHI XING-JUE,SUN DAO-YUAN.Wave velocityand attenuation in the incompact medium under cyclicstress[J].Chinese Journal of GeotechnicalEngineering,2001,23(1):114-116.
[7]赵明阶.二维应力场作用下岩体弹性波速与衰减特性研究[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2007,26(1):123-130.ZHAO MING-JIE.Study on wave velocity and attenuain 2d stresses field[J].Chinese Journal of RockMechanics and Engineering,2007,26(1):123-130.
[8]马中高,伍向阳,王中海.有效压力对岩石纵横波速度的影响[J].勘探地球物理进展,2006,29(3):183-187.MA ZHONG-GAO,WU XIANG-YANG,WANGZHONG-HAI.Effect of effective pressure oncompressional and shear wave velocities[J].Progress inExploration Geophysics,2006,29(3):183-187.
[9]闫治国,朱合华,邓涛,等.三种岩石高温后纵波波速特性的试验研究[J].岩土工程学报,2006,28(11):2010-2015.YAN ZHI-GUO,ZHU HE-HUA,DENG TAO,et al.Experimental study on longitudinal wave characteristicsof tuff,granite and breccia after high temperature[J].Chinese Journal of Geotechnical Engineering,2006,28(11):2010-2015.
[10]GAVIGLIO P.Longitudinal waves propagation in aLimestone:The relationship between velocities anddensity[J].Rock Mech.Rock Eng.,1989,22(4):290-299.
[11]韩放,纪洪广,张伟.单轴加卸荷过程中岩石声学特性及其与损伤因子关系[J].北京科技大学学报,2007,29(5):452-455.HAN FANG,JI HONG-GUANG,ZHANG WEI.Relationship between the acoustic characteristics anddamage variable in the process of uniaxial loading andunloading[J].Journal of University of Science andTechnology Beijing,2007,29(5):452-455.
[12]樊秀峰,简文彬.砂岩疲劳特性的超声波速法试验研究[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2008,27(3):557-563.FAN XIU-FENG,JIAN WEN-BIN.Experimentalresearch on fatigue characteristics of sandstone usingultrasonic wave velocity method[J].Chinese Journal ofRock Mechanics and Engineering,2008,27(3):557-563.
[13]PHILIP BENSON,ALEXANDRE SCHUBNEL,SERGIO VINCIGUERRA,et al.Modeling thepermeability evolution of microcracked rocks fromelastic wave velocity inversion at elevated isostaticpressure[J].Journal of geophysical research,2006,111(4):1-11.
[14]MIN-SU CHA,YOUNG-JONG SIM,GYE-CHUNCHO,et al.The effect of joint conditions on thelongitudinal and flexural wave velocities of a aock mass[J].Key Engineering Materials,2006(1):306-309.
[15]TAKATO TAKEMURA,MASANOBU ODA.Changes in crack density and wave velocity inassociation with crack growth in triaxial tests of Inadagranite[J].Journal of geophysical research,2005,110(5):1-14.
[16]蔡美峰,何满潮,刘东燕.岩石力学与工程[M].北京:科学出版社,2002.
[17]牛滨华,孙春岩.半空间均匀各向同性单相固体弹性介质与地震波传播[M].北京:地质出版社,2005.
[18]田洪礼,董晓光.超声波速度与地震波速度对应关系的应用[J].河南地质,1997,15(4):293-297.TIAN HONG-LI,DONG XIAO-GUANG.Applicationof the relationship of ultrasonic velocity and seismic wavevelocity[J].Henan Geology,1997,15(4):293-297.
(12):2086-2092.LI XIAO-ZHAO,AN YING-JIE,YU JIN,et al.Acoustic responses to rock core unloading-disturbanceand unloading-sensitive rock mass[J].Chinese Journalof Rock Mechanics and Engineering,2003,22(12):2086-2092.
[2]边智华,李维树.南京长江二桥基岩的工程力学性质试验研究[J].长江科学院院报,1999,16(4):42-45.BIAN ZHI-HUA,LI WEI-SHU.Research onengineering mechanics properties of rock foundationunder second Changjiang bridge in Nanjing[J].Journalof Yangtze River Scientific Research Institute,1999,16(4):42-45.
[3]O’CONNEL.Seismic velocities in dry and saturatedcracked solids[J].J.Geophys.Res.,1974,97:5412-5426.
[4]高龙生,葛焕称.中国大陆岩石标本在高压下的弹性波速的初步研究[J].地球物理学报,1975,18(1):26-38.GAO LONG-SHENG,GE HUAN-CHEN.Apreliminary study of P-and S-wave velocities under highpressure of rock samples from the mainland of China[J].Acta Geophysica Sinica,1975,18(1):26-38.
[5]黄承贤,宋大卫.在围压下岩石弹性波速的研究[J].岩土工程学报,1991,13(2):32-41.HUANG CHENG-XIAN,SONG DA-WEI.Study onelastic wave velocity of rock under confining pressure[J].Chinese Journal of Geotechnical Engineering,1991,13(2):32-41.
[6]施行觉,孙道远.循环应力作用下松散介质的波速和衰减特性[J].岩土程学报,2001,23(1):114-116.SHI XING-JUE,SUN DAO-YUAN.Wave velocityand attenuation in the incompact medium under cyclicstress[J].Chinese Journal of GeotechnicalEngineering,2001,23(1):114-116.
[7]赵明阶.二维应力场作用下岩体弹性波速与衰减特性研究[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2007,26(1):123-130.ZHAO MING-JIE.Study on wave velocity and attenuain 2d stresses field[J].Chinese Journal of RockMechanics and Engineering,2007,26(1):123-130.
[8]马中高,伍向阳,王中海.有效压力对岩石纵横波速度的影响[J].勘探地球物理进展,2006,29(3):183-187.MA ZHONG-GAO,WU XIANG-YANG,WANGZHONG-HAI.Effect of effective pressure oncompressional and shear wave velocities[J].Progress inExploration Geophysics,2006,29(3):183-187.
[9]闫治国,朱合华,邓涛,等.三种岩石高温后纵波波速特性的试验研究[J].岩土工程学报,2006,28(11):2010-2015.YAN ZHI-GUO,ZHU HE-HUA,DENG TAO,et al.Experimental study on longitudinal wave characteristicsof tuff,granite and breccia after high temperature[J].Chinese Journal of Geotechnical Engineering,2006,28(11):2010-2015.
[10]GAVIGLIO P.Longitudinal waves propagation in aLimestone:The relationship between velocities anddensity[J].Rock Mech.Rock Eng.,1989,22(4):290-299.
[11]韩放,纪洪广,张伟.单轴加卸荷过程中岩石声学特性及其与损伤因子关系[J].北京科技大学学报,2007,29(5):452-455.HAN FANG,JI HONG-GUANG,ZHANG WEI.Relationship between the acoustic characteristics anddamage variable in the process of uniaxial loading andunloading[J].Journal of University of Science andTechnology Beijing,2007,29(5):452-455.
[12]樊秀峰,简文彬.砂岩疲劳特性的超声波速法试验研究[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2008,27(3):557-563.FAN XIU-FENG,JIAN WEN-BIN.Experimentalresearch on fatigue characteristics of sandstone usingultrasonic wave velocity method[J].Chinese Journal ofRock Mechanics and Engineering,2008,27(3):557-563.
[13]PHILIP BENSON,ALEXANDRE SCHUBNEL,SERGIO VINCIGUERRA,et al.Modeling thepermeability evolution of microcracked rocks fromelastic wave velocity inversion at elevated isostaticpressure[J].Journal of geophysical research,2006,111(4):1-11.
[14]MIN-SU CHA,YOUNG-JONG SIM,GYE-CHUNCHO,et al.The effect of joint conditions on thelongitudinal and flexural wave velocities of a aock mass[J].Key Engineering Materials,2006(1):306-309.
[15]TAKATO TAKEMURA,MASANOBU ODA.Changes in crack density and wave velocity inassociation with crack growth in triaxial tests of Inadagranite[J].Journal of geophysical research,2005,110(5):1-14.
[16]蔡美峰,何满潮,刘东燕.岩石力学与工程[M].北京:科学出版社,2002.
[17]牛滨华,孙春岩.半空间均匀各向同性单相固体弹性介质与地震波传播[M].北京:地质出版社,2005.
[18]田洪礼,董晓光.超声波速度与地震波速度对应关系的应用[J].河南地质,1997,15(4):293-297.TIAN HONG-LI,DONG XIAO-GUANG.Applicationof the relationship of ultrasonic velocity and seismic wavevelocity[J].Henan Geology,1997,15(4):293-297.
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