自然通风条件下炼钢厂煤气泄漏扩散研究
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摘要
为评估炼钢厂中突发煤气泄漏的后果,通过建立二维简化平面模型,采用LES湍流模型对煤气在厂区的泄露扩散过程进行了数值模拟,得到了CO浓度随时空的分布规律。计算结果表明,在泄露过程中,泄漏口近的CO浓度分布比较集中;泄漏停止后,在自然风的作用下CO浓度并不能很快降低,而是呈现一个平缓的发展过程。本结果对突发煤气泄漏的报警和预案的制定有一定参考价值。
The coal gas sudden leakage from the storage tank to air can be disastrous.The diffusion law of coal gas(as light gas) must be carefully studied to prevent the damaging consequence to the workers.This paper presents a simulation of the leakage and diffusing process of coal gas using a simplified two-dimensional plane model combined with LES turbulence model, from which the law of CO concentration versus time and space is obtained.The simulation results show that(1) at the initial stage, the CO concentration near the mouth of leak is more concentrated during disclosure process;(2) when the leak is stopped, the concentration of CO is not immediately reduced and it is followed by a gentle process of development, due to bulky tanks up the wind, which induce the wind turbulence.With the leakage, its leaked CO around the mouth of pressure and velocity disturbance, a disturbance will spread.In the horizontal direction of leakage mouth upward, the COconcentration is significantly higher than that in windward direction.In the natural and ventilated conditions, when leakage stops, the concentrations of CO are not quickly reduced, but take a gentle development process.The results of the study may help to establish the emergency gas leak alarm and preventive measures.
The coal gas sudden leakage from the storage tank to air can be disastrous.The diffusion law of coal gas(as light gas) must be carefully studied to prevent the damaging consequence to the workers.This paper presents a simulation of the leakage and diffusing process of coal gas using a simplified two-dimensional plane model combined with LES turbulence model, from which the law of CO concentration versus time and space is obtained.The simulation results show that(1) at the initial stage, the CO concentration near the mouth of leak is more concentrated during disclosure process;(2) when the leak is stopped, the concentration of CO is not immediately reduced and it is followed by a gentle process of development, due to bulky tanks up the wind, which induce the wind turbulence.With the leakage, its leaked CO around the mouth of pressure and velocity disturbance, a disturbance will spread.In the horizontal direction of leakage mouth upward, the COconcentration is significantly higher than that in windward direction.In the natural and ventilated conditions, when leakage stops, the concentrations of CO are not quickly reduced, but take a gentle development process.The results of the study may help to establish the emergency gas leak alarm and preventive measures.
引文
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[2]Hanna S R,Strimaitis D G,Chang J C.Report prepared by sigma research corporation for AFESC[R].Washington DC,1990:1-324.
[3]魏利军.重气扩散的数值模拟[J].中国安全科学学报,2000,10(2):26-34.Wei Lijun.Journal of Safety Science and Technology,2000,10(2):26-34.
[4]潘旭海,蒋军成.危险性物质泄漏事故扩散过程模拟分析[J].中国职业安全卫生管理体系认证,2001(3):44-46.Pan Xuhai,Jiang Juncheng.China Occupational Safety and HealthManagement System Certification,2001(3):44-46.
[5]赵振东,余世舟.地震次生毒气泄漏与扩散的数值模拟与动态仿真[J].地震工程与工程振动,2002,22(5):137-142.Zhao Zhendong,Yu Shizhou.Earthquake Engineering and Engineering Vibration,2002,22(5):137-142.
[6]邵辉,施志荣.化工重大泄漏事故扩散过程的模拟研究[J].江苏工业学院学报,2006,18(2):26-29.Shao Hui,Shi Zhirong.Journal of Jiangsu Polytechnic University,2006,18(2):26-29.
[7]Wang T,Hutchinson T C.gas leakage rate through reinforced concrete shear walls:Numerical study[J].Nuclear Engineering and Design,2005,235(21):2246-2260.
[8]刘海群,孟宪林.哈尔滨市某化工厂毒气泄漏危害预测[J].黑龙江气象,1996,15(4):26-29.Liu Haiqun,Meng Xianlin.Heilongjiang Meteorology,1996,15(4):26-29.
[9]马存栋.高压天然气管道破裂气体扩散规律模拟结果分析[J].油气田地面工程,2005,24(3):8-10.Ma Cundong.Oil-gasfield Surface Engineering,2005,24(3):8-10.
[10]梁栋,张海英.建筑环境中有害气体扩散及分布的分析[J].广州大学学报:自然科学版,2004,3(4):338-341.Liang Dong,Zhang Haiying.Journal of Guangzhou University:Natural Science Edition,2004,3(4):338-341.
[11]孟志鹏,王淑兰.可爆性气体泄漏扩散时均湍流场的数值模拟[J].安全与环境学报,2003,3(3):25-28.Meng Zhipeng,Wang Shulan.Journal of Safety and Environment,2003,3(3):25-28.
[12]潘旭海,蒋军成.重气云团瞬时泄漏扩散的数值模拟研究[J].化学工程,2003,31(1):35-39.Pan Xuhai,Jiang Juncheng.Chemical Engineering,2003,31(1):35-39.
[13]Blackmore D R,Herman M N,Woodward J L.Heavy gas dispersion models[J].Journal of Hazardous Materia1s,1982,6:107-128
[14]许雅娟,罗挺.FLUENT用于大气污染扩散的数值模拟[J].后勤工程学院学报,2005,21(2):23-31.Xu Yajuan,Luo Ting.Journal of Logistical Engineering University,2005,21(2):23-31.
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