川东高陡地区地震采集方法探讨
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摘要
D区块三维地震勘探位于川东高陡构造区域。地形相对高差大,表层结构复杂,地层非均质性严重,区块内四个构造接触关系复杂,勘探条件十分困难。为了取得理想的第一手资料,在综合利用地震地质条件,充分了解地表(地下)地质的情况下可以认为:①观测系统设计的局限性和激发岩性差,激发参数选择困难是D区块地震采集质量变差的直接原因;②地表和地下地质结构的双重复杂性,是造成D区块地震采集质量变差的根本原因。这里提出了在现有条件下,由野外试验确定激发参数,对不同构造,不同地形,不同岩性进行激发井深和药量试验;③针对复杂潜伏构造设计小道距,高覆盖次数,超多道,大排列的观测系统,来提高资料信噪比和分辨率,在该区取得了良好的应用效果。
Block D is located in Eastern Sichuan.The whole block are large height difference of relative terrain height,surface structure complex,formation heterogeneity serious.The contacting relationship of four main structures in the area are complicated,so exploration conditions are very difficult.How to get the first hand data in the high-steep structure area is very important.Based on the examinations of seismic acquisition,researching seismic geologic condition and 3D Seismic data,the factors affecting seismic acquisition quality are analyzed mainly.Results show that layout design localization and the double complexity of surface condition and underground structure are fatal causes.Main causes include strong noise,bad explosive rock,the difficulty of choosing shot point position and shooting parameters as well as the limit of geophone array and layout design.Corresponding methods improving seismic acquisition quality are proposed as following:source parameters are mainly determined by field test;dosage and excitation well depth are tested in different structure,different terrain and different lithology.Layout design should be short group interval and super multi-channel,high times of cover,large arrangement in latent structure,which can be effective in application effect.
Block D is located in Eastern Sichuan.The whole block are large height difference of relative terrain height,surface structure complex,formation heterogeneity serious.The contacting relationship of four main structures in the area are complicated,so exploration conditions are very difficult.How to get the first hand data in the high-steep structure area is very important.Based on the examinations of seismic acquisition,researching seismic geologic condition and 3D Seismic data,the factors affecting seismic acquisition quality are analyzed mainly.Results show that layout design localization and the double complexity of surface condition and underground structure are fatal causes.Main causes include strong noise,bad explosive rock,the difficulty of choosing shot point position and shooting parameters as well as the limit of geophone array and layout design.Corresponding methods improving seismic acquisition quality are proposed as following:source parameters are mainly determined by field test;dosage and excitation well depth are tested in different structure,different terrain and different lithology.Layout design should be short group interval and super multi-channel,high times of cover,large arrangement in latent structure,which can be effective in application effect.
引文
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[2]云美厚.对镇巴复杂山地地震采集的思考[J].石油地球物理勘探,2006,41(5):505.
[3]董良国.复杂地表条件下地震波传播数值模拟[J].勘探地球物理进展,2005,28(3):187.
[4]邸志欣,谭绍泉,姜维才,等.川东北地区山地三维高分辨率地震采集技术[J].石油物探,2005,44(5):517.
[5]钱光萍,康家光,王紫娟.基于模型的地震采集参数分析及应用研究[J].物探化探计算技术,2001,23(2):109.
[6]姜必庆,陈高.通南巴地区灰岩区地震采集方法探讨[J].工程地球物理学报,2005,2(3):216.
[7]李隐,叶斌.四川阆中地区三维地震勘探采集技术[J].物探化探计算技术,2007,29(6):501.
[8]HARDAGE B A,SIMMONS J L,PENDLETON V M,et al.3D seismic imaging and interpretation of Brushy Can-yon slope and basin Thin-bed reservoirs,northwestDelaware Basin[J].Geophysics,1998,63(5):1507.
[9]WANG F P,DAI J C.Charles Kerans.Modeling dolo-mitized carbonate-ramp reservoirs:Acase study of the Seminole San Andres Unit-Part,Seismic modeling,res-ervoir geostatistics,and reservoir simulation[J].Geo-physics,1998,63(6):1876.
[10]RONALD W WARD.Future geophysical technology trends NPC members view[J].The Leading Edge,1996,15(6):729.
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