基于微震监测技术的深井开采地压活动规律研究
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摘要
简要介绍微震监测技术基本原理及冬瓜山微震监测系统的组成和结构,运用微震监测系统对冬瓜山矿床首采区段不同时段的地压活动集中区进行圈定,采用量化地震学原理开展岩层应力变形强度分布研究,揭示开采诱发地压活动的时空变化规律,初步评价盘区隔离矿柱和回采采场的地压活动状况及稳定性。研究表明,地压活动相对集中区的变化与井下采掘活动紧密相关,各地压活动相对集中区与采掘工程施工位置相对应,在时空上随采掘活动的改变而发生变化。采场回采区内的地压活动相对较稳定,掘进活动区内的地压活动分布较分散且随采掘活动的结束很快减小或消失,目前首采区段岩层是稳定的。实践证明,微震监测技术为深井矿床开采地压活动规律研究提供一种有效技术手段,研究成果为指导矿山安全生产奠定重要的基础。
By introducing the basic principle of the microseismic monitoring technique and the components and structure of the ISS microseismic monitoring system used in Dongguashan Mine,the relative concentrating area of the geostatic activities is compartmentalized in the first mining area of Dongguashan ore deposit within different periods.The system and the principle of the seismology are adopted to study the intensity distribution of the stress and displacement to discover the temporal and spatial change rules of the geostatic activity produced by the mining and to evaluate the geostatic activity situation and the stability of the insulating pillar and main mining area.The study indicates that the change of the concentrating area of geostatic activity is dependent on the underground mining activities.Every concentrating area is corresponding to the position of each mining project.The geostatic activity changes in time and space with the change of mining project position accordingly.The geostatic activity within the mining area of stope is relatively stable.The distribution of geostatic activity in excavating area is separate and reduces quickly or even disappears with the completion of excavation.The rock mass within the first mining area of Dongguashan ore deposit is stable now.The practice proves that the microseismic monitoring technique is an effective method to study the rule of geostatic activity in deep mining.The result settles an important base for Dongguashan Mine to produce safely.
By introducing the basic principle of the microseismic monitoring technique and the components and structure of the ISS microseismic monitoring system used in Dongguashan Mine,the relative concentrating area of the geostatic activities is compartmentalized in the first mining area of Dongguashan ore deposit within different periods.The system and the principle of the seismology are adopted to study the intensity distribution of the stress and displacement to discover the temporal and spatial change rules of the geostatic activity produced by the mining and to evaluate the geostatic activity situation and the stability of the insulating pillar and main mining area.The study indicates that the change of the concentrating area of geostatic activity is dependent on the underground mining activities.Every concentrating area is corresponding to the position of each mining project.The geostatic activity changes in time and space with the change of mining project position accordingly.The geostatic activity within the mining area of stope is relatively stable.The distribution of geostatic activity in excavating area is separate and reduces quickly or even disappears with the completion of excavation.The rock mass within the first mining area of Dongguashan ore deposit is stable now.The practice proves that the microseismic monitoring technique is an effective method to study the rule of geostatic activity in deep mining.The result settles an important base for Dongguashan Mine to produce safely.
引文
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[5]赵向东,陈波,姜福兴.微地震工程应用研究[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2002,21(增2):2 609–2 612.(ZHAO Xiangdong,CHEN Bo,JIANG Fuxing.Study on micro-seismic engineering applications[J].Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,2002,21(Supp.2):2 609–2 612.(in Chinese))
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[7]杨承祥,罗周全.深井高应力高温缓倾斜矿床开采技术研究[J].金属矿山,2005,(4):7–10.(YANG Chengxiang,LUO Zhouquan.Research on mining technology for high stress high stress and high temperature gently in inclined deep deposit[J].Metal Mine,2005,(4):7–10.(in Chinese))
[8]MENDECKI A J.Seismic monitoring in mines[M].London,UK:Chapman and Hall Press,1997.
[9]唐礼忠,杨承祥,潘长良.大规模深井开采微震监测系统站网布置优化[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2006,25(10):2 036–2 042.(TANG Lizhong,YANG Chengxiang,PAN Changliang.Optimization of microseismic monitoring network for large-scale deep well mining[J].Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,2006,25(10):2 036–2 042.(in Chinese))
[10]EBRAHIM-TROLLOPE R,JOOSTE Y.Seismic hazard quantify-cation[C]//POTVIN Y,HUDYMA M ed.Controlling Seismic Risk,Proc.of the 6th International Symposium on Rockburst and Seismicity in Mines.Nedlands:Australian Centre for Geomechanics Press,2005:157–164.
[11]ASWEGEN G V.Routine seismic hazard assessment in some South African mines[C]//POTVIN Y,HUDYMA M ed.Controlling Seismic Risk,Proc.of the 6th International Symposium on Rockburst and Seismicity in Mines.Nedlands:Australian Centre for Geomechanics Press,2005:437–444.
[12]JOOSTE Y,EBRAHIM-TROLLOPE R.Application of seismic hazard quantification for the harmony gold mines in South Africa[C]//POTVIN Y,HUDYMA M ed.Controlling Seismic Risk,Proc.of the 6th International Symposium on Rockburst and Seismicity in Mines.Nedlands:Australian Centre for Geomechanics Press,2005:445–451.
[13]LASOCKI S.Probabilistic analysis of seismic hazard posed by mining induced events[C]//POTVIN Y,HUDYMA M ed.Controlling Seismic Risk,Proc.of the 6th International Symposium on Rockburst and Seismicity in Mines.Nedlands:Australian Centre for Geomechanics Press,2005:151–156.
[14]MENDECKI A J,VAN ASWEGEN G,MOUNTFORT P.A guide to routine seismic monitoring in mines[C]//A Handbook on Rock Engineering Practice for Tabular Hard Rock Mines.[S.l.]:[s.n.],1999:45–79.
[15]逄焕东,姜福兴,张兴民.微地震监测技术在矿井灾害防治中的应用[J].金属矿山,2004,(12):58–61.(PANG Huandong,JIANG Fuxing,ZHANG Xingmin.Application of microseismic monitoring method to disaster prevention of underground mine[J].Metal Mine,2004,(12):58–61.(in Chinese))
[2]鲁振华,张连成.门头沟矿微震的近场监测效能评估[J].地震,1989,(5):32–39.(LU Zhenhua,ZHANG Liancheng.Evaluation of efficiency of near field microseismic monitoring in Mentougou Mine[J].Earthquake,1989,(5):32–39.(in Chinese))
[3]姜福兴,XUN Luo.微震监测技术在矿井岩层破裂监测中的应用[J].岩土工程学报,2002,24(2):147–149.(JIANG Fuxing,XUN Luo,Application of microseismic monitoring technology of strata fracturing to underground coal mine[J].Chinese Journal of Geotechnical Engineering,2002,24(2):147–149.(in Chinese))
[4]李庶林,尹贤刚,郑文达,等.凡口铅锌矿多通道微震监测系统及其应用研究[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2005,24(12):2 048–2 053.(LI Shulin,YIN Xiangang,ZHENG Wenda,et al.Research on multi-channel microseismic monitoring system and its application to Fankou Lead-zinc Mine[J].Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,2005,24(12):2 048–2 053.(in Chinese))
[5]赵向东,陈波,姜福兴.微地震工程应用研究[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2002,21(增2):2 609–2 612.(ZHAO Xiangdong,CHEN Bo,JIANG Fuxing.Study on micro-seismic engineering applications[J].Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,2002,21(Supp.2):2 609–2 612.(in Chinese))
[6]赵向东,王育平,陈波,等.微地震研究及在深部采动围岩监测中的应用[J].合肥工业大学学报(自然科学版),2003,26(3):363–367.(ZHAO Xiangdong,WANG Yuping,CHEN Bo,et al.On the microseismic technology and its application to monitoring of rock stability in deep mine caving processes[J].Journal of Hefei University of Technology(Natural Science),2003,26(3):363–367.(in Chinese))
[7]杨承祥,罗周全.深井高应力高温缓倾斜矿床开采技术研究[J].金属矿山,2005,(4):7–10.(YANG Chengxiang,LUO Zhouquan.Research on mining technology for high stress high stress and high temperature gently in inclined deep deposit[J].Metal Mine,2005,(4):7–10.(in Chinese))
[8]MENDECKI A J.Seismic monitoring in mines[M].London,UK:Chapman and Hall Press,1997.
[9]唐礼忠,杨承祥,潘长良.大规模深井开采微震监测系统站网布置优化[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2006,25(10):2 036–2 042.(TANG Lizhong,YANG Chengxiang,PAN Changliang.Optimization of microseismic monitoring network for large-scale deep well mining[J].Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,2006,25(10):2 036–2 042.(in Chinese))
[10]EBRAHIM-TROLLOPE R,JOOSTE Y.Seismic hazard quantify-cation[C]//POTVIN Y,HUDYMA M ed.Controlling Seismic Risk,Proc.of the 6th International Symposium on Rockburst and Seismicity in Mines.Nedlands:Australian Centre for Geomechanics Press,2005:157–164.
[11]ASWEGEN G V.Routine seismic hazard assessment in some South African mines[C]//POTVIN Y,HUDYMA M ed.Controlling Seismic Risk,Proc.of the 6th International Symposium on Rockburst and Seismicity in Mines.Nedlands:Australian Centre for Geomechanics Press,2005:437–444.
[12]JOOSTE Y,EBRAHIM-TROLLOPE R.Application of seismic hazard quantification for the harmony gold mines in South Africa[C]//POTVIN Y,HUDYMA M ed.Controlling Seismic Risk,Proc.of the 6th International Symposium on Rockburst and Seismicity in Mines.Nedlands:Australian Centre for Geomechanics Press,2005:445–451.
[13]LASOCKI S.Probabilistic analysis of seismic hazard posed by mining induced events[C]//POTVIN Y,HUDYMA M ed.Controlling Seismic Risk,Proc.of the 6th International Symposium on Rockburst and Seismicity in Mines.Nedlands:Australian Centre for Geomechanics Press,2005:151–156.
[14]MENDECKI A J,VAN ASWEGEN G,MOUNTFORT P.A guide to routine seismic monitoring in mines[C]//A Handbook on Rock Engineering Practice for Tabular Hard Rock Mines.[S.l.]:[s.n.],1999:45–79.
[15]逄焕东,姜福兴,张兴民.微地震监测技术在矿井灾害防治中的应用[J].金属矿山,2004,(12):58–61.(PANG Huandong,JIANG Fuxing,ZHANG Xingmin.Application of microseismic monitoring method to disaster prevention of underground mine[J].Metal Mine,2004,(12):58–61.(in Chinese))
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