岩石破裂全程数字化细观损伤力学试验研究
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摘要
设计基于扫描电镜(SEM)的岩石破裂全过程数字化细观损伤力学试验方案,实现了岩石破裂全过程的显微与宏观实时的数字化监测、控制、记录及分析的岩石力学试验。应用于四川锦屏大理岩预制裂纹试样中进行单轴压缩破坏全程的数字化试验,对微裂纹的萌生、生长及贯通过程进行数字化定量分析,得到试样在受荷过程中微裂纹的面积、方位角、长度、宽度和周长基本几何数据,从宏细观角度描述了岩石试样单轴压缩过程中的破坏机制,并分析得出试样单轴受压破坏过程中虽然微裂纹在某些区域集中,但在整个试样中微裂纹的统计分布依然是服从某一指数分布的这一结论。试验研究结果证明了该试验方案的科学性和先进性。
A new meso-mechanical testing scheme based on SEM is developed to carry out the experiment of microfracturing process of rocks. The image of microfracturing process of the specimen can be observed and recorded digitally. The microfracturing process of Jinping marble specimen in Sichuan province under uniaxial compression is recorded by using the testing scheme. Quantitatively investigated the propagation and coalescent of cracks at meso-scale with digital technology, the basic geometric information of rock microcracks such as area, angle, length, width, perimeter, are obtained from binary images after segmentation. The failure mechanism of specimen under uniaxial compression with the quantitative information is studied from macro/micro scopic perspective. The result shows that during the damage of the specimen the distribution of microcracks in the whole specimen are still subjected to exponential distribution with some microcracks concentrated in certain regions. The conclusion indicates that the testing scheme is applicable.
A new meso-mechanical testing scheme based on SEM is developed to carry out the experiment of microfracturing process of rocks. The image of microfracturing process of the specimen can be observed and recorded digitally. The microfracturing process of Jinping marble specimen in Sichuan province under uniaxial compression is recorded by using the testing scheme. Quantitatively investigated the propagation and coalescent of cracks at meso-scale with digital technology, the basic geometric information of rock microcracks such as area, angle, length, width, perimeter, are obtained from binary images after segmentation. The failure mechanism of specimen under uniaxial compression with the quantitative information is studied from macro/micro scopic perspective. The result shows that during the damage of the specimen the distribution of microcracks in the whole specimen are still subjected to exponential distribution with some microcracks concentrated in certain regions. The conclusion indicates that the testing scheme is applicable.
引文
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[13]李炼,徐钺,李启光,等.花岗岩渐进破坏过程的微观研究[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2002,21(7):940-947.LI Lian,TSUI Y,LEE P K K,et al.Progressive cracking of granite plate under uniaxial compression[J].Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,2001,21(7):940-947.
[14]MOHAMED FAROUK ELZAFRANEY.Quantitative microstructural investigation of damaged concrete[D].[S.l.]:Michigan State University,2004.
[15]ZHU Z D,ZHANG Y,JIANG Z J,et al.Damage analysis of red sandstone dynamic deformation with digital image technique[C]//GeoShanghai International Conference2006.Shanghai:Tongji University,2006:112-118.
[16]RAFAEL C GONZALEZ,RICHARD E WOODS.数字图像处理[M].阮秋琦,阮宇智译.北京:电子工业出版社,2004.
[17]孙兆林.MATLAB6.X图像处理[M].北京:清华大学出版社,2002.
[2]BATZLE M L,SIMMONS G,SIEFRIED R W.Microcrack closure in rocks under stress:direct observation[J].Jounal of Geophysical Research,1980,85:7072-7090.
[3]ROBINA H C,WONG K T,CHAU P WANG.Microcracking and grain size effect in Yuen long marbles[J].International Journal of Rock Mechanics and Mining Sciences,1996,33(5):479-485.
[4]YOSSEF H HATZOR,ALON ZUR,YAAKOV MIMRAN.Microstructure effects on microcracking and brittle failure of dolomites[J].Tectonophysics,1997,281:141-161.
[5]WU XIANG YANG,BAUD P WONG.Micromechanics of compressive failure and spatial evolution of anisotropicdamage in Darley dale sandstone Teng-fong[J].International Journal of Rock Mechanics and Mining Sciences,2000,37(1):143-160.
[6]许江.对单轴应力状态下砂岩微观断裂发展全过程的试验研究[J].力学与实践,1986,8(4):24-28.XU Jiang.Meso-mechanical experimentof microfracture-ing progress of sandstone under uniaxial stress condition[J].Mechanics in Engineering,1986,8(4):24-28.
[7]卢应发,张梅英,葛修润.大理岩静态和循环荷载试件的电镜分析[J].岩土力学,1990,11(4):75-80.LU Ying-fa,ZHANG Mei-ying,GE Xiu-run.Electron micro-scopic analysis on marble specimens of static and cyclic loding tests[J].Rock and Soil Mechanics,1990,11(4):75-80.
[8]张梅英,袁建新,范士荣,等.岩土介质微观力学动态观测研究[J].科学通报,1993,38(10):920-924.ZHANG Mei-ying,YUAN Jian-xin,FAN Shi-rong,et al.Study on geo-techanical medium with direct dynamic observation[J].Chinese Science Bulletin,1993,38(10):920-924.
[9]凌建明.脆性岩石的细观裂纹损伤及其时效特性[J].岩石力学与工程学报,1993,12(4):304-312.LING Jian-ming.On mesocrack damage of brittle rocks and rocks and its time-dependent characteristics[J].Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,1993,12(4):304-312.
[10]赵永红,黄杰藩,王仁.岩石破裂发育的扫描电镜即时研究[J].岩石力学与工程学报,1992,11(3):284-294.ZHAO Yong-hong,HUANG Jie-fan,WANG Ren.Real time observation of microfracturing process in rock during compression test[J].Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,l992,11(3):284-294.
[11]赵永红,黄杰藩,王仁.破裂带发展的扫描电镜实验研究及其对地震前兆的启示[J].地球物理学报,1993,36(4):453-462.ZHAO Yong-hong,HUANG Jie-fan,WANG Ren.SEM study of fracture development in compressed marble specimen and implications for earthquake precursors[J].Chinese Journal of Geophysics,l993,36(4):453-462.
[12]赵永红,黄杰藩,侯建军,等.岩石细观破裂的实验观测研究及其对了解地震活动的启示[J].地球物理学报,1995,38(5):627-635.ZHAO Yong-hong,HUANG Jie-fan,HOU Jian-jun,at a1.Experimental study of meso-fractures in rock and its implication for understating seismic activities[J].Chinese Journal of Geophysics,1995,38(5):627-635.
[13]李炼,徐钺,李启光,等.花岗岩渐进破坏过程的微观研究[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2002,21(7):940-947.LI Lian,TSUI Y,LEE P K K,et al.Progressive cracking of granite plate under uniaxial compression[J].Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,2001,21(7):940-947.
[14]MOHAMED FAROUK ELZAFRANEY.Quantitative microstructural investigation of damaged concrete[D].[S.l.]:Michigan State University,2004.
[15]ZHU Z D,ZHANG Y,JIANG Z J,et al.Damage analysis of red sandstone dynamic deformation with digital image technique[C]//GeoShanghai International Conference2006.Shanghai:Tongji University,2006:112-118.
[16]RAFAEL C GONZALEZ,RICHARD E WOODS.数字图像处理[M].阮秋琦,阮宇智译.北京:电子工业出版社,2004.
[17]孙兆林.MATLAB6.X图像处理[M].北京:清华大学出版社,2002.
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