堆叠式剪切模型箱的改进
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摘要
对现有叠层剪切模型箱进行技术改进,其整体改进思路是用轴承和端部弹性约束系统分别取代常见的滚珠和侧向刚性约束系统。改进措施是把原叠层方钢框架模型箱改成H型钢和方钢交替堆叠式模型箱;层间轴承外径由16mm调整为72mm;模型箱受力形式由"抽屉式"改为"堆叠式";非主振方向上铆接弹性薄钢板取代侧向刚性约束系统。并用ANSYS软件对铆接弹性薄钢板情况进行模拟,结果显示,其对模型箱和土体的动力特性影响很小。改进后的模型箱自重减小,层间间隙缩小并且可根据需要调整,模型箱受力机制更接近于实际土体。设备的可循环操作性和使用性能增强,可最大程度地利用现有的试验设备实现土体在动荷载作用下的自由剪切变形模拟。
Technical improvement has been made to existing laminar shear model box.The main idea of the technical improvement is using shafting bearing and the rigid restriction system in one side to replace ball bearing and lateral rigidity restriction system which are normally used respectively.The way of the technical improvement is changing laminar square steel frame into the one with H-formed steel and square steel stacking alternately.External diameter of the interlaminar shafting bearing has been changed from 16 mm to 72 mm,the force mechanism of the model box has been changed from "drawer" to "stack",and the lateral rigidity restriction system has been replaced by riveted elastic thin steel plate in non-main vibration direction.The software ANSYS has been used to verify the effect of the riveted elastic thin steel plate on the dynamic characters of model box and soil.It is shown that there is a little effect on model box riveted by thin steel plate.After improvement the deadweight of the model box decreases,the interlaminar spacing is smaller than before and also can be adjusted to the needed sizes,and the force mechanism of the model box is more close to the actual one of soil.Equipment can be reused,and its operation capability is better than before.By using the improved test equipment,it can be achieved to simulate the soil performance under dynamic load.
Technical improvement has been made to existing laminar shear model box.The main idea of the technical improvement is using shafting bearing and the rigid restriction system in one side to replace ball bearing and lateral rigidity restriction system which are normally used respectively.The way of the technical improvement is changing laminar square steel frame into the one with H-formed steel and square steel stacking alternately.External diameter of the interlaminar shafting bearing has been changed from 16 mm to 72 mm,the force mechanism of the model box has been changed from "drawer" to "stack",and the lateral rigidity restriction system has been replaced by riveted elastic thin steel plate in non-main vibration direction.The software ANSYS has been used to verify the effect of the riveted elastic thin steel plate on the dynamic characters of model box and soil.It is shown that there is a little effect on model box riveted by thin steel plate.After improvement the deadweight of the model box decreases,the interlaminar spacing is smaller than before and also can be adjusted to the needed sizes,and the force mechanism of the model box is more close to the actual one of soil.Equipment can be reused,and its operation capability is better than before.By using the improved test equipment,it can be achieved to simulate the soil performance under dynamic load.
引文
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[11]PITILAKIS D,DIETZ M,WOOD D M,et al.Numerical simulation of dynamic soil-structure interaction in shaking table testing[J].Soil Dynamics and Earthquake Engineering,2008,28(6):453-467.
[12]楼梦麟,宗刚,牛伟星,等.土-桩-钢结构相互作用体系的振动台模型试验[J].地震工程与工程振动,2006,26(5):226-230.(LOU Menglin,ZONG Gang,NIU Weixing,et al.Shaking table model test of soil-pile-steel structure interaction system[J].Earthquake Engineering and Engineering Vibration,2006,26(5):226-230.(in Chinese))
[13]陈国兴,庄海洋,程绍革,等.土-地铁隧道动力相互作用的大型振动台试验:试验方案设计[J].地震工程与工程振动,2006,26(6):178-183.(CHEN Guoxing,ZHUANG Haiyang,CHENG Shaoge,et al.A large-scale shaking table test for dynamic soil-metro tunnel interaction:test scheme[J].Earthquake Engineering and Engineering Vibration,2006,26(6):178-183.(in Chinese))
[14]TURAN A,HINCHBERGER S D,NAGGAR H E.Design and commissioning of a laminar soil container for use on small shaking tables[J].Soil Dynamics and Earthquake Engineering,2009,29(2):404-414.
[15]黄春霞,张鸿儒,隋志龙.大型叠层剪切变形模型箱的研制[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2006,25(10):2128-2134.(HUANG Chunxia,ZHANG Hongru,SUI Zhilong.Development of large scale laminar shear model box[J].Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,2006,25(10):2128-2134.(in Chinese))
[2]黄春霞.碎石桩复合地基抗液化性能试验研究[博士学位论文][D].北京:北京交通大学,2005.(HUANG Chunxia.Study on characteristic of stone columns composite foundation liquefaction resistance[Ph.D.Thesis][D].Beijing:Beijing Jiaotong University,2005.(in Chinese))
[3]韦晓,范立础,王君杰.考虑桩-土-桥梁结构相互作用振动台试验研究[J].土木工程学报,2002,35(4):91-97.(WEI Xiao,FAN Lichu,WANG Junjie.Shake table test on soil-pile-structure interaction[J].China Civil Engineering Journal,2002,35(4):91-97.(in Chinese))
[4]凌贤长,王丽霞,王东升,等.非自由液化场地地基动力性能大型振动台模型试验研究[J].中国公路学报,2005,18(2):34-39(LING Xianchang,WANG Lixia,WANG Dongsheng,et a1.Study large-scale shaking table proportional model test of the dynamic property of foundation in unfreedom ground of liquefaction[J].China Journal of Highway and Transport,2005,18(2):34-39.(in Chinese))
[5]蒋关鲁,刘先峰,张建文,等.高速铁路液化土地基加固的振动台试验研究[J].西南交通大学学报,2006,41(2):190-196.(JIANG Guanlu,LIU Xianfeng,ZHANG Jianwen,et al.Shaking table test of composite foundation reinforcement of saturated silty soil ground for high speed railway[J].Journal of Southwest Jiaotong University,2006,41(2):190-196.(in Chinese))
[6]陈国兴,庄海洋,杜修力,等.土-地铁车站结构动力相互作用大型振动台模型试验研究[J].地震工程与工程振动,2007,27(2):171-176.(CHEN Guoxing,ZHUANG Haiyang,DU Xiuli,et al.Analysis of large-scale shaking table test of dynamic soil-subway station interaction[J].Earthquake Engineering and Engineering Vibration,2007,27(2):171-176.(in Chinese))
[7]GIBSON A D.Physical scale modeling of geotechnical structures at one-g[Ph.D.Thesis][D].Pasadena,USA:California Institute of Technology,1997.
[8]PRASAD S K,TOWHATA I,CHANDRADHARA G P,et al.Shaking table tests in earthquake geotechnical engineering[J].Current Science,2004,87(10):1398-1404.
[9]UENG T S,CHEN C H.Liquefaction of sand under multidirectional shaking table tests[C]//Proceedings of the International Conference on Physical Modeling in Geotechnics(ICPMG′06).Hong Kong:[s.n.],2006:481-486.
[10]PAMUK A,GALLAGHER P M,ZIMMIE T F.Remediation of piled foundations against lateral spreading by passive site stabilization technique[J].Soil Dynamics and Earthquake Engineering,2007,27(7):864-874.
[11]PITILAKIS D,DIETZ M,WOOD D M,et al.Numerical simulation of dynamic soil-structure interaction in shaking table testing[J].Soil Dynamics and Earthquake Engineering,2008,28(6):453-467.
[12]楼梦麟,宗刚,牛伟星,等.土-桩-钢结构相互作用体系的振动台模型试验[J].地震工程与工程振动,2006,26(5):226-230.(LOU Menglin,ZONG Gang,NIU Weixing,et al.Shaking table model test of soil-pile-steel structure interaction system[J].Earthquake Engineering and Engineering Vibration,2006,26(5):226-230.(in Chinese))
[13]陈国兴,庄海洋,程绍革,等.土-地铁隧道动力相互作用的大型振动台试验:试验方案设计[J].地震工程与工程振动,2006,26(6):178-183.(CHEN Guoxing,ZHUANG Haiyang,CHENG Shaoge,et al.A large-scale shaking table test for dynamic soil-metro tunnel interaction:test scheme[J].Earthquake Engineering and Engineering Vibration,2006,26(6):178-183.(in Chinese))
[14]TURAN A,HINCHBERGER S D,NAGGAR H E.Design and commissioning of a laminar soil container for use on small shaking tables[J].Soil Dynamics and Earthquake Engineering,2009,29(2):404-414.
[15]黄春霞,张鸿儒,隋志龙.大型叠层剪切变形模型箱的研制[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2006,25(10):2128-2134.(HUANG Chunxia,ZHANG Hongru,SUI Zhilong.Development of large scale laminar shear model box[J].Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,2006,25(10):2128-2134.(in Chinese))
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