提高地震分辨率和信噪比的叠前T_0校正方法
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摘要
地震成像处理中因动校正不当导致同相轴出现弯曲的现象,进而降低叠加剖面的分辨率和信噪比。本文利用滤波后的近零炮检距地震道作为参考道,再利用道间的相关特性获取各道的T0校正量,对道集进行校正,并采用Sinc函数高精度插值,使得原道集上的同相轴趋于水平。叠加后断点成像效果得到明显改善,同相轴变细、频带变宽,从而提高了地震成像的分辨率和信噪比。
The incorrect NMO causes distortion for the seismic events in seismic imaging,as a result the resolution and S/N ratio on the seismic sections were reduced.By utilizing filtered near zero-offset seismic traces as reference traces,using each trace’s T0 correction values extracted based on inter-trace correlation characteristics to correct the seismic traces,then after conducting sinc function high precision interpolation the seismic events in the seismic traces were flatten.After stacking the imaging for fault point was greatly improved,the frequency band was broaden,as a result the resolution and S/N ratio for seismic imaging were raised.
The incorrect NMO causes distortion for the seismic events in seismic imaging,as a result the resolution and S/N ratio on the seismic sections were reduced.By utilizing filtered near zero-offset seismic traces as reference traces,using each trace’s T0 correction values extracted based on inter-trace correlation characteristics to correct the seismic traces,then after conducting sinc function high precision interpolation the seismic events in the seismic traces were flatten.After stacking the imaging for fault point was greatly improved,the frequency band was broaden,as a result the resolution and S/N ratio for seismic imaging were raised.
引文
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[9]Hal J Jones and Jone A Morrison.Cross-correlation Filtering.Geophysics,1954,19(4):660～683
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[14]Necati Gulunay et al.Robust residual gather flatten-ing.SEG Technical Program Expanded Abstracts,2007,26:229～233
[15]Claerbout J F.Earth Soundings Analysis:Process-ing versus Inversion.Blackwell Scientific Publica-tions,1992
[16]常文革等.重采样插值技术实现与应用.系统工程与电子技术,2000,22(5):87～89
[2]Wiggins J W.Kirchhoff integral extrapolation and mi-gration of nonplanar data.Geophysics,1984,49(8):1239～1248
[3]Hewitt Dixt C.Sei mic velocties from surface meas-urements.Geophysics,1955,20(1):68～86
[4]Taner M T et al.Veclocity spectra-digital computer derivation and applications of velocityfunctions.Geo-physics,1969,34(6):859～881
[5]刘洪,刘国锋,李博等.基于横向导数的走时计算方法及其在叠前时间偏移中的应用.石油物探,2007,48(1):3～8
[6]俞寿朋等.拟合零炮检距剖面与分辨率.石油地球物理勘探,1995,30(2):168～180
[7]王云专等.剩余时差校正及泊松比反演.地球物理学进展,2006,21(1):214～218
[8]蒋先勇,王锡文等.深层地震速度分析的不确定性研究.石油地球物理勘探,2005,40(1):35～41
[9]Hal J Jones and Jone A Morrison.Cross-correlation Filtering.Geophysics,1954,19(4):660～683
[10]黄德济,贺振华,包吉山.地震勘探资料数字处理.北京:地质出版社,1990
[11]牟永光.地震勘探资料数字处理方法.北京:石油工业出版社,1981
[12]Necati Gulunay.Gather flattening.The Leading Edge,2007:1538～1543
[13]陈双全,王尚旭.基于信号保真的地震数据插值.石油地球物理勘探,2005,40(5):515～517
[14]Necati Gulunay et al.Robust residual gather flatten-ing.SEG Technical Program Expanded Abstracts,2007,26:229～233
[15]Claerbout J F.Earth Soundings Analysis:Process-ing versus Inversion.Blackwell Scientific Publica-tions,1992
[16]常文革等.重采样插值技术实现与应用.系统工程与电子技术,2000,22(5):87～89
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