基于Hilbert-Huang变换的地震瞬时属性提取方法及应用(英文)
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摘要
希尔伯特—黄变换(Hilbert-Huang transform,HHT)是一种新的适合非平稳和非线性信号的分析方法,由于地震信号一般呈现出非平稳与非线性特性,因此HHT非常适合地震信号的分析。本文首先介绍了HHT中关于经验模态分解(Empirical Mode Decomposition,EMD)的实现过程,在此基础上分析了几种基于EMD获得本征模态函数(Intrinsic Mode Functions,IMF)来计算瞬时频率的算法,其中利用了两个采样间隔瞬时频率的平均来计算瞬时频率,较好地反映了地震信号频率成分随时间变化的特征。将该方法应用于四川东北部某地区海相碳酸盐岩地层三维地震叠后偏移数据处理,提取"三瞬"地震属性,与传统的希尔伯特变换提取的"三瞬"地震属性进行对比,结果表明基于HHT的"三瞬"地震属性结果具有更高的分辨率,IMF2的瞬时相位能够较好地刻画台地边缘生物礁相,IMF2的瞬时频率亦具有较好的分带性。将IMF2的"三瞬"地震属性与钻井等资料结合分析,能够更好地识别沉积相的分布。
The Hilbert-Huang transform(HHT) is a new analysis method suitable for nonlinear and non-stationary signals.It is very appropriate to seismic signals because they show both non-stationary and nonlinear characteristics.We first introduce the realization of HHT empirical mode decomposition(EMD) and then comparatively analyze three instantaneous frequency algorithms based on intrinsic mode functions(IMF) resulting from EMD,of which one uses the average instantaneous frequency of two sample intervals having higher resolution which can determine that the signal frequency components change with time.The method is used with 3-D poststack migrated seismic data of marine carbonate strata in southern China to effectively extract the three instantaneous attributes.The instantaneous phase attributes of the second intrinsic mode functions(IMF2) better describe the reef facies of the platform margin and the IMF2 instantaneous frequency attribute has better zoning.Combining analysis of the three IMF2 instantaneous seismic attributes and drilling data can identify the distribution of sedimentary facies well.
The Hilbert-Huang transform(HHT) is a new analysis method suitable for nonlinear and non-stationary signals.It is very appropriate to seismic signals because they show both non-stationary and nonlinear characteristics.We first introduce the realization of HHT empirical mode decomposition(EMD) and then comparatively analyze three instantaneous frequency algorithms based on intrinsic mode functions(IMF) resulting from EMD,of which one uses the average instantaneous frequency of two sample intervals having higher resolution which can determine that the signal frequency components change with time.The method is used with 3-D poststack migrated seismic data of marine carbonate strata in southern China to effectively extract the three instantaneous attributes.The instantaneous phase attributes of the second intrinsic mode functions(IMF2) better describe the reef facies of the platform margin and the IMF2 instantaneous frequency attribute has better zoning.Combining analysis of the three IMF2 instantaneous seismic attributes and drilling data can identify the distribution of sedimentary facies well.
引文
Battista,B. M.,Knapp,C.,McGee,T.,and Goebel,V.,2007,Application of the empirical mode decomposition and Hilbert-Huang transform to seismic re ection data:Geophysics,72(2),H29 - H37.
Boashash,B.,1992,Estimating and interpreting the instantaneous frequency of a signal—Part 2: algorithms and applications: Proceedings of the IEEE,80(4),540 - 568.
Chen,L.,and Song,H. B.,2009,The estimation of instantaneous frequency of seismic signa1: Chinese Journal of Geophysics (in Chinese),52(1),206 - 214.
Cheng,Q. S.,2003,Digital signal processing: Peking University Press,Beijing,103 - 126
Huang,N.,Shen,Z.,Long,S. R.,Wu,M. C.,Shih,H. H.,Zheng,Q.,Yen,N.C.,Tung,C. C.,and Liu,H. H.,1998,The empirical mode decomposition and the Hilbert spectrum for nonlinear and non-stationary time series: Proceedings of the Royal Society of London,A454,903 - 995.
Hassan,H. H.,2005,Empirical mode decomposition (EMD) of potential f ield data: airborne gravity data as an example: 75th Ann. Internat. Mtg.,Soc. Expl. Geophys.,Expanded Abstracts,704 - 706.
Li,C. F.,and Liner,C.,2005,Singularity exponent from wavelet-based multi-scale analysis: A new seismic attribute: Chinese Journal of Geophysics (in Chinese),48(4),882 - 888.
Magrin-Chagnolleau,I.,and Baranuik,R. G..,1999,Empirical mode decomposition based time frequency attributes: 69th Ann. Internat. Mtg.,Soc. Expl. Geophys.,Expanded Abstracts,1949 - 1952.
Song,H. B.,Bai,Y.,Dong,C. Z.,and Song,Y.,2010,A preliminary study of application of empirical mode decomposition method in understanding the features of internal waves in the northeastern South China Sea: Chinese Journal of Geophysics (in Chinese),53(2),393 - 400.
Taner,M.,Koehler,F.,and Sheriff,R. E.,1979,Complex seismic trace analysis: Geophysics,44(6),1041 - 1063.
Wang,Z. W.,Liu,J. H.,Yue,C. W.,Li,X. C.,and Li,C. C.,2009,The filtering characteristics of HHT and its application in acoustic log waveform signal processing: Applied Geophysics,6(1),8 - 16.
Wen,X. T.,He,Z. H.,and Huang,D. J.,2009,Reservoir detection based on EMD and correlation dimension: Applied Geophysics,6(1),70 - 76.
Zhou,Z.,Shan,X. M.,Zhang,L.,Fu,R. S.,Liang,H.,and Quan,H. Y.,2008,The gravity tide of Kunming and Xiaguan based on the HHT: Chinese Journal of Geophysics (in Chinese),52(3),836 - 844.
Boashash,B.,1992,Estimating and interpreting the instantaneous frequency of a signal—Part 2: algorithms and applications: Proceedings of the IEEE,80(4),540 - 568.
Chen,L.,and Song,H. B.,2009,The estimation of instantaneous frequency of seismic signa1: Chinese Journal of Geophysics (in Chinese),52(1),206 - 214.
Cheng,Q. S.,2003,Digital signal processing: Peking University Press,Beijing,103 - 126
Huang,N.,Shen,Z.,Long,S. R.,Wu,M. C.,Shih,H. H.,Zheng,Q.,Yen,N.C.,Tung,C. C.,and Liu,H. H.,1998,The empirical mode decomposition and the Hilbert spectrum for nonlinear and non-stationary time series: Proceedings of the Royal Society of London,A454,903 - 995.
Hassan,H. H.,2005,Empirical mode decomposition (EMD) of potential f ield data: airborne gravity data as an example: 75th Ann. Internat. Mtg.,Soc. Expl. Geophys.,Expanded Abstracts,704 - 706.
Li,C. F.,and Liner,C.,2005,Singularity exponent from wavelet-based multi-scale analysis: A new seismic attribute: Chinese Journal of Geophysics (in Chinese),48(4),882 - 888.
Magrin-Chagnolleau,I.,and Baranuik,R. G..,1999,Empirical mode decomposition based time frequency attributes: 69th Ann. Internat. Mtg.,Soc. Expl. Geophys.,Expanded Abstracts,1949 - 1952.
Song,H. B.,Bai,Y.,Dong,C. Z.,and Song,Y.,2010,A preliminary study of application of empirical mode decomposition method in understanding the features of internal waves in the northeastern South China Sea: Chinese Journal of Geophysics (in Chinese),53(2),393 - 400.
Taner,M.,Koehler,F.,and Sheriff,R. E.,1979,Complex seismic trace analysis: Geophysics,44(6),1041 - 1063.
Wang,Z. W.,Liu,J. H.,Yue,C. W.,Li,X. C.,and Li,C. C.,2009,The filtering characteristics of HHT and its application in acoustic log waveform signal processing: Applied Geophysics,6(1),8 - 16.
Wen,X. T.,He,Z. H.,and Huang,D. J.,2009,Reservoir detection based on EMD and correlation dimension: Applied Geophysics,6(1),70 - 76.
Zhou,Z.,Shan,X. M.,Zhang,L.,Fu,R. S.,Liang,H.,and Quan,H. Y.,2008,The gravity tide of Kunming and Xiaguan based on the HHT: Chinese Journal of Geophysics (in Chinese),52(3),836 - 844.
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