大规模电网应对空间灾害天气的问题
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摘要
空间天气的源头来自太阳,为太阳的剧烈活动所驱动。空间灾害天气对人类技术系统的影响很大,其中影响、危害最大的是电力系统,并且电网的规模越大越容易受到攻击。论述了空间天气的基本概念、主要影响和国内外的研究现状,并通过对国内外空间天气影响事件的分析,提出了我国超大规模电网应对空间灾害天气需要研究、解决的科学问题。研究这些问题,有利于提高我国在空间天气及影响研究领域的国际学术地位,为我国电网的安全运行提供理论和技术保证。
The sun is the origin of space weather that is driven by violent activities of the sun.The disastrous space weather greatly influences technology systems on the ground.Among the influenced technology systems,the influence on power grids is the most severe,and the larger the power grid scale is,the more vulnerable it is.In this paper,the basic concept of space weather and its main impact are discussed and the present situation of the research in this field home and abroad is reviewed.On the basis of analyzing the accidents impacted by space weather home and abroad,the scientific issues,which must be researched and solved to cope with disastrous space weather for very large-scale power grids in China,are proposed.Studying these issues will be favorable to improve the international academic standing of China in the field of space weather and its impact,and can provide theoretical and technical foundation to ensure secure and reliable operation of large-scale power grid in China.
The sun is the origin of space weather that is driven by violent activities of the sun.The disastrous space weather greatly influences technology systems on the ground.Among the influenced technology systems,the influence on power grids is the most severe,and the larger the power grid scale is,the more vulnerable it is.In this paper,the basic concept of space weather and its main impact are discussed and the present situation of the research in this field home and abroad is reviewed.On the basis of analyzing the accidents impacted by space weather home and abroad,the scientific issues,which must be researched and solved to cope with disastrous space weather for very large-scale power grids in China,are proposed.Studying these issues will be favorable to improve the international academic standing of China in the field of space weather and its impact,and can provide theoretical and technical foundation to ensure secure and reliable operation of large-scale power grid in China.
引文
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[16]王明新,张强.直流输电系统接地极电流对交流电网的影响分析[J].电网技术,2005,29(3):9-14.Wang Mingxin,Zhang Qiang.Analysis on influence of ground electrode current in HVDC on AC power network[J].Power System Technology,2005,29(3):9-14(in Chinese).
[17]盘学南,玉小玲.变压器运行噪声异常的探讨[J].变压器,2006,43(8):43-44.Pan Xuenan,Yu Xiaoling.Discussion on abnormal noise of transformer[J].Transformer,2006,43(8):43-44(in Chinese).
[18]李琪,高玉芬.2003年10-11月的大磁暴[J].地震地磁观测与研究,2006,27(2):43-47.Li Qi,Gao Yufen.On the October/November2003giant storms[J].Seismological and Geomagnetic Observation and Research,2006,27(2):43-47(in Chinese).
[19]Boreler D H.Geomagnetic hazards to conducting networks[J].Natural Hazards,2003(28):537-561.
[2]汤克云,焦维新,彭丰林,等.空间天气对技术系统和现代战争的影响[J].中国科学(A),2000(30):35-38.Tang Keyun,Jiao Weixin,Peng Fenglin,et al.Influence of space weather on technology system and modern war[J].Science in China(Series A),2000(30):35-38(in Chinese).
[3]魏奉思.空间天气学[J].地球物理学进展,1999,14(增刊):1-7.Wei Fengsi.Space weather[J].Progress in Geophysics,1999,14(Supplement):1-7(in Chinese).
[4]魏奉思.空间天气学的基本问题[J].中国基础科学,2000(7):9-13.Wei Fengsi.Basic problems in space weather[J].China Basic Science,2000(7):9-13(in Chinese).
[5]National Research Councail of the National Academies.Severe space weather events:Understanding societal and economic impacts[R].National Academies Press,2009.
[6]刘振兴.中国空间风暴探测计划和国际与日共存计划[J].地球物理学报,2005,49(3):724-730.Liu Zhenxing.Space wind and storms exploration program and international living with a star initiative[J].Chinese Journal Geophysics,2005,49(3):724-730(in Chinese).
[7]刘连光,刘春明,张冰,等.我国广东电网的几次强磁暴影响事件[J].地球物理学报,2008,51(4):976-981.Liu Lianguang,Liu Chunming,Zhang Bing,et al.Strong magnetic storm’s influence on China’s Guangdong power grid[J].Chinese Jouneral Geophysics,2008,51(4):976-981(in Chinese).
[8]刘连光,刘春明,张冰.磁暴对我国特高压电网影响问题的研究[J].电网技术,2009,33(11):1-6.Liu Lianguang,Liu Chunming,Zhang Bing.Effects of geomagnetic storm on UHV power grids of China[J].Power System Technology,2009,33(11):1-6(in Chinese).
[9]Liu C M,Liu L G,Pirjola R,et al.Calculation of GIC in mid-low-latitude power grids based on the plane wave method:A preliminary case study[J].Space Weather,2009(7):1-9.
[10]Bolduc L.GIC observations and studies in the Hydro-Quebec power system[J].Journal of Atmospheric and Solar-Terrestrial Physics,2002(64):1793-1802.
[11]陈鸿飞,徐文耀.1998年5月磁暴磁层电流体系的地磁效应分析[J].地球物理学报,2001,44(4):55-64.Chen Hongfei,Xu Wenyao.Variations of inner magnetospheric currents during the magnetic storm of May1998[J].Chinese Journal Geophysics,2001,44(4):55-64(in Chinese).
[12]丁伟,胡兆光.特高压输电经济性比较研究[J].电网技术,2006,30(19):7-13.Ding Wei,Hu Zhaoguang.The research on the economy comparison of ultra high voltage[J].Power System Technology,2006,30(19):7-13(in Chinese).
[13]吴敬儒,徐永禧.我国特高压交流输电发展前景[J].电网技术,2005,29(3):1-4.Wu Jingru,Xu Yongxi.Development prospect of UHV AC power transmission in China[J].Power System Technology,2005,29(3):1-4(in Chinese).
[14]Kappenman J G,Norr S R,Sweezy G A,et al.GIC mitigation:a neutral blocking/bypass device to prevent the flow of GIC in power systems[J].IEEE Transactions on Power Delivery,1991,6(3):1271-1281.
[15]黄道春,魏远航,钟连宏,等.我国发展特高压直流输电中一些问题的探讨[J].电网技术,2007,31(8):6-12.Huang Daochun,Wei Yuanhang,Zhong Lianhong,et al.Discussion on several problems of developing UHVDC transmission in China[J].Power System Technology,2007,31(8):6-12(in Chinese).
[16]王明新,张强.直流输电系统接地极电流对交流电网的影响分析[J].电网技术,2005,29(3):9-14.Wang Mingxin,Zhang Qiang.Analysis on influence of ground electrode current in HVDC on AC power network[J].Power System Technology,2005,29(3):9-14(in Chinese).
[17]盘学南,玉小玲.变压器运行噪声异常的探讨[J].变压器,2006,43(8):43-44.Pan Xuenan,Yu Xiaoling.Discussion on abnormal noise of transformer[J].Transformer,2006,43(8):43-44(in Chinese).
[18]李琪,高玉芬.2003年10-11月的大磁暴[J].地震地磁观测与研究,2006,27(2):43-47.Li Qi,Gao Yufen.On the October/November2003giant storms[J].Seismological and Geomagnetic Observation and Research,2006,27(2):43-47(in Chinese).
[19]Boreler D H.Geomagnetic hazards to conducting networks[J].Natural Hazards,2003(28):537-561.
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