投影寻踪模型在膨胀岩判别与分级中的应用
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摘要
由于泥质岩富含黏土矿物,尤其是成岩程度较低的中新生代泥质岩常具有显著的膨胀性,而成为膨胀岩的主要类型。在对现有膨胀岩判别指标进行全面分析后,提出以蒙脱石含量、胶结系数和比表面积作为泥质岩膨胀性判别与分级的三大指标。基于投影寻踪模型方法,以新疆大坂隧洞工程中采集的20个泥质岩样为样本进行了分析。根据20个样本最优投影值的移动平均趋势线,该处泥质岩的膨胀性可分为非膨胀、微膨胀、弱膨胀和强膨胀4个等级。与较为常用的岩块干燥饱和吸水率指标判别结果基本一致,结果表明,所选指标和方法是可靠的。
Owing to abundant argillaceous minerals,argillaceous rocks often take on notable dilatability,in particular the lower diagenesis argillaceous rocks formed during Mesozoic and Cenozoic,which is the main type.After general analysis of existing discrimination factors,it is presented that the montmorillonite content,cementation coefficient and surface area are as three main indices for dilatability identification and grading of argillaceous rock.According to projection pursuit cluster statistical method,some analyses of twenty samples coming from Daban tunnel in China’s Xinjiang Autonomous Region are done.Based on moving average trend line of the sample's projection value,these argillaceous rocks can be divided into four grades,just as no-swell,micro-swell,weak-swell and strong-swell,which is approximately in accord with the result by dry block saturation water absorption index,so,here the factor and distinction way are reliable.
Owing to abundant argillaceous minerals,argillaceous rocks often take on notable dilatability,in particular the lower diagenesis argillaceous rocks formed during Mesozoic and Cenozoic,which is the main type.After general analysis of existing discrimination factors,it is presented that the montmorillonite content,cementation coefficient and surface area are as three main indices for dilatability identification and grading of argillaceous rock.According to projection pursuit cluster statistical method,some analyses of twenty samples coming from Daban tunnel in China’s Xinjiang Autonomous Region are done.Based on moving average trend line of the sample's projection value,these argillaceous rocks can be divided into four grades,just as no-swell,micro-swell,weak-swell and strong-swell,which is approximately in accord with the result by dry block saturation water absorption index,so,here the factor and distinction way are reliable.
引文
[1]曲永新,张永双,杨俊峰,等.中国膨胀岩、土一体化工程地质分类的理论与实践[C]//中国工程地质50年.北京:地震出版社,2000:140-164.
[2]曲永新.泥质岩的胶结作用与活化作用[C]//岩体工程地质力学问题(八.)北京:科学出版社,1987:120-128.
[3]曲永新.膨胀土与膨胀岩[C]//中国工程地质世纪成就.北京:地质出版社,2004:157-170.
[4]时梦熊.膨胀岩的简易判别方法[J].水文地质工程地质,1986,(5):35-40.SHI Meng-xiong.The simple distinguishing method of swell soft rock[J].Hydrogeology and Engineering Geology,1986,(5):35-40.
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[9]崔旭,张玉.膨胀岩的判别分级与隧道工程[J].甘肃水力水电技术,2000,36(3):186-191.CUI Xu,ZHANG Yu.The discrimination and classification of swelling rock and tunnel engineering[J].Waterpower and Hydropower Technology of Gansu,2000,366(3):186-191.
[10]孙小明,苏雄,何满潮,等.强膨胀性软岩的判别与分级标准[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2005,24(1):128-132.SUN Xiao-ming,SU Xiong,HE Man-chao,et al.Differentiation and grade criterion of strong swelling soft rock[J].Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,2005,24(1):128-132.
[11]谭罗荣.关于粘土岩崩解、泥化机理的讨论[J].岩土力学,2001,22(1):1-5.TAN Luo-rong.Discussion on mechanism of disintegration and argillitization of clay-rock[J].Rock and Soil Mechanics,2001,22(1):1-5.
[12]李杭州,廖红建,孔令伟,等.膨胀性泥岩应力-应变关系的试验研究[J].岩土力学,2007,28(1):107-110.LI Hang-zhou,LIAO Hong-jian,KONG Ling-wei,et al.Experimental study on stress-strain relationship of expansive mud-stone[J].Rock and Soil Mechanics,2007,28(1):107-110.
[13]徐晗,黄斌,何晓明.膨胀岩工程特性试验研究[J].水利学报,2007,(增刊):716-722.XU Han,HUANG Bin,HE Xiao-ming.Experimentation study on engineering property of swelling rocks[J].Journal of Hydraulic Engineering,2007,(Supp.):716-722.
[14]曲永新.软岩与软弱夹层[C]//中国工程地质世纪成就.北京:地质出版社,2004:113-128.
[15]宋岳.万家寨引黄入晋工程地质勘察与研究[M].郑州:黄河水利出版社,2007.
[16]FRIEDMAN J H,TURKEY J W.A projection pursuit algorithm for exploratory data analysis[J].IEEE Trans Computer,1974,23(9):881-890.
[17]付强,赵小勇.投影寻踪模型原理及其应用[M].北京:科学出版社,2006.
[18]倪长健,丁晶.免疫进化算法[J].西南交通大学学报,2003,38(1):87-91.NI Chang-jian,DING.Jing.Immune Evolutionary Algorithm[J].Journal of Southwest Jiaotong University,2003,38(1):87-91.
[2]曲永新.泥质岩的胶结作用与活化作用[C]//岩体工程地质力学问题(八.)北京:科学出版社,1987:120-128.
[3]曲永新.膨胀土与膨胀岩[C]//中国工程地质世纪成就.北京:地质出版社,2004:157-170.
[4]时梦熊.膨胀岩的简易判别方法[J].水文地质工程地质,1986,(5):35-40.SHI Meng-xiong.The simple distinguishing method of swell soft rock[J].Hydrogeology and Engineering Geology,1986,(5):35-40.
[5]曲永新.泥质岩的工程分类和膨胀势的快速预测[J].水文地质工程地质.1988,(5):36-39.QU Yong-xin.The engineering classification and fast forecast of swelling rock in tunnel engineering[J].Hydrogeology and Engineering Geology,1988,(5):36-39.
[6]王小军.膨胀岩的判别与分类和隧洞工程[J].水文地质工程地质,1995,15(4):79-86.WANG Xiao-jun.The discrimination and classification of swelling rock in tunnel engineering[J].Hydrogeology and Engineering Geology,1995,15(4):79-86.
[7]文江泉,韩会增.膨胀岩的判别与分类初探[J].铁道工程学报,1996(2):231-237.WEN Jiang-quan,HAN Hui-zeng.Preliminary study of distinguishing and classifying on swell rock[J].Journal of Railway Engineering Society,1996,(2):231-237.
[8]何满潮.软岩工程力学的理论与实践[C]//中国煤矿软岩巷道支护理论与实践.北京:中国矿业大学出版社,1996:20-24.
[9]崔旭,张玉.膨胀岩的判别分级与隧道工程[J].甘肃水力水电技术,2000,36(3):186-191.CUI Xu,ZHANG Yu.The discrimination and classification of swelling rock and tunnel engineering[J].Waterpower and Hydropower Technology of Gansu,2000,366(3):186-191.
[10]孙小明,苏雄,何满潮,等.强膨胀性软岩的判别与分级标准[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2005,24(1):128-132.SUN Xiao-ming,SU Xiong,HE Man-chao,et al.Differentiation and grade criterion of strong swelling soft rock[J].Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,2005,24(1):128-132.
[11]谭罗荣.关于粘土岩崩解、泥化机理的讨论[J].岩土力学,2001,22(1):1-5.TAN Luo-rong.Discussion on mechanism of disintegration and argillitization of clay-rock[J].Rock and Soil Mechanics,2001,22(1):1-5.
[12]李杭州,廖红建,孔令伟,等.膨胀性泥岩应力-应变关系的试验研究[J].岩土力学,2007,28(1):107-110.LI Hang-zhou,LIAO Hong-jian,KONG Ling-wei,et al.Experimental study on stress-strain relationship of expansive mud-stone[J].Rock and Soil Mechanics,2007,28(1):107-110.
[13]徐晗,黄斌,何晓明.膨胀岩工程特性试验研究[J].水利学报,2007,(增刊):716-722.XU Han,HUANG Bin,HE Xiao-ming.Experimentation study on engineering property of swelling rocks[J].Journal of Hydraulic Engineering,2007,(Supp.):716-722.
[14]曲永新.软岩与软弱夹层[C]//中国工程地质世纪成就.北京:地质出版社,2004:113-128.
[15]宋岳.万家寨引黄入晋工程地质勘察与研究[M].郑州:黄河水利出版社,2007.
[16]FRIEDMAN J H,TURKEY J W.A projection pursuit algorithm for exploratory data analysis[J].IEEE Trans Computer,1974,23(9):881-890.
[17]付强,赵小勇.投影寻踪模型原理及其应用[M].北京:科学出版社,2006.
[18]倪长健,丁晶.免疫进化算法[J].西南交通大学学报,2003,38(1):87-91.NI Chang-jian,DING.Jing.Immune Evolutionary Algorithm[J].Journal of Southwest Jiaotong University,2003,38(1):87-91.
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