软岩饱水试验与软化临界现象研究
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摘要
针对华南地区广为分布的"红层"软岩遇水软化问题,选择粉砂质泥岩、泥质粉砂岩等典型软岩为研究对象,在软岩饱水软化试验的基础上,采用"自组织临界性"理论深入分析了软化试验中的临界现象,结合软岩物理力学性质、微观结构以及水溶液离子浓度变化的试验结果,得出:在饱水3个月和6个月时,对应于所研究软岩软化的临界时间点,其物理、力学性质与水溶液离子浓度的变化在前3个月内变化幅度较大,3个月后较为平缓,并可能出现波动,6个月后开始趋于稳定;而其微观结构变化满足1～3个月变化较小,3～6个月自行调整而趋于有序,6个月之后结构类型完全改变。在此基础上,分析了软岩系统自组织临界现象中最显著的两个特征:自组织性和临界特性,并从系统演化的角度探讨了饱水软岩系统中一种具有一定稳定性的非平衡自组织有序结构的产生过程,给出了水作用下软岩工程特性变异达到稳定的临界时刻。
Aiming at the softening of some typical saturated soft rocks widely distributed in South China areas,such as silty mudstone and mud siltstone,self-organization criticality theory is adopted to analyze the critical phenomena in the softening process of soft rocks in the saturation test; and based on the test data,some conclusions are drawn as follows:the time points of three months and six months are two critical points for the interaction between water and rock; and the variation of physico-mechanical properties of soft rocks and concentration of aqueous solution both satisfy the same regularity; all the factors are changing greatly in the first three months,gently in the following three months and keeping stable after six months; while the response variation regularity of microstructures satisfies keeping original appearance during first to three months,self-adjusting to order during three to six months and entirely changing to another structure types after six months. Meanwhile,two key characteristics for self-organization criticality of soft rocks are analyzed; and from the angle of system evolvement,the developing process of a non-equilibrium self-organizing order structure in soft rock system is discussed; and the stable critical time of engineering properties variation of soft rocks is proposed.
Aiming at the softening of some typical saturated soft rocks widely distributed in South China areas,such as silty mudstone and mud siltstone,self-organization criticality theory is adopted to analyze the critical phenomena in the softening process of soft rocks in the saturation test; and based on the test data,some conclusions are drawn as follows:the time points of three months and six months are two critical points for the interaction between water and rock; and the variation of physico-mechanical properties of soft rocks and concentration of aqueous solution both satisfy the same regularity; all the factors are changing greatly in the first three months,gently in the following three months and keeping stable after six months; while the response variation regularity of microstructures satisfies keeping original appearance during first to three months,self-adjusting to order during three to six months and entirely changing to another structure types after six months. Meanwhile,two key characteristics for self-organization criticality of soft rocks are analyzed; and from the angle of system evolvement,the developing process of a non-equilibrium self-organizing order structure in soft rock system is discussed; and the stable critical time of engineering properties variation of soft rocks is proposed.
引文
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[14]梅可玉.论自组织临界性与复杂系统的演化行为[J].自然辩证法研究,2004,20(7):6-9,41.MEI Ke-yu.Self-organized criticality and evolutionary behavior of complex systems[J].Studies in Dialectics of Nature,2004,20(7):6-9,41.
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[16]BUSHEV M.Synergetics,chaos,order,self-organization[M].Singapore:World Scientific,1994:1-275.
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[18]於崇文.固体地球系统的复杂性与自组织临界性[J].地学前缘,1998,5(3):159-182.
[19]张后全,唐春安,贺永年,等.岩石破裂进程的自组织临界特征探讨[J].西北地震学报,2006,28(1):1-5.ZHANG Hou-quan,TANG Chun-an,HE Yong-nian,et al.Discussion on self-organized criticality in rock failure progress[J].Northwestern Seismological Journal,2006,28(1):1-5.
[2]何满潮,景海河,孙晓明.软岩工程地质力学研究进展[J].工程地质学报,2000,8(1):46-63.HE Man-chao,JING Hai-he,SUN Xiao-ming.Research progress of soft rock engineering geomechanics in China coal mine[J].Journal of Engineering Geology,2005,24(3):394-400.
[3]李洪志,何满潮.膨胀型软岩力学化学性质研究[J].煤炭地质,1995,4(6):9-12.LI Hong-zhi,HE Man-chao.Research on mechanical-chemical characteristics of expanded soft rocks[J].Geology of Coal,1995,4(6):9-12.
[4]冯启言,韩宝平,隋旺华.鲁西南地区红层软岩水岩作用特征与工程应用[J].工程地质学报,1999,7(3):266-271.FENG Qi-yan,HAN Bao-ping,SUI Wang-hua.Characteristics of water-rock interaction of red-beds and its application to engineering in Southwestern Shandong[J].Journal of Engineering Geology,1999,7(3):266-271.
[5]刘长武,陆士良.泥岩遇水崩解软化机理的研究[J].岩土力学,2000,21(1):28-31.LIU Chang-wu,LU Shi-liang.Research on mechanism of mudstone degradation and softening in water[J].Rock and Soil Mechanics,2000,21(1):28-31.
[6]周翠英,邓毅梅,谭祥韶,等.软岩在饱水过程中水溶液化学成分变化规律研究[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2004,23(22):3813-3817.ZHOU Cui-ying,DENG Yi-mei,TAN Xiang-shao,et al.Testing study on variation regularities of solution components saturation of soft rocks[J].Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,2004,23(22):3813-3817.
[7]刘晓明,赵明华,苏永华.软岩崩解分形机制的数学模拟[J].岩土力学,2008,29(8):2043-2046,2069.LIU Xiao-ming,ZHAO Ming-hua,SU Yong-hua.Mathematical simulation of fractal mechanism for slaking of soft rock[J].Rock and Soil Mechanics,2008,29(8):2043-2046,2069.
[8]周翠英,邓毅梅,谭祥韶,等.软岩在饱水过程中微观结构变化规律研究[J].中山大学学报(自然科学版),2004,42(4):98-102.ZHOU Cui-ying,DENG Yi-mei,TAN Xiang-shao,et al.Research on the variation regularities of microstructures in the testing of interaction between soft rocks and water[J].Acta Scientiarum Naturalium Universities Sun Yat-sen,2004,42(4):98-102.
[9]周翠英,邓毅梅,谭详韶,等.饱水软岩力学性质软化的试验研究与应用[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2005,24(1):33-38.ZHOU Cui-ying,DENG Yi-mei,TAN Xiang-shao,et al.Experimental research on the softening of mechanical properties of saturated soft rocks and application[J].Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,2005,24(1):33-38.
[10]黄宏伟,车平.泥岩遇水软化微观机理研究[J].同济大学学报(自然科学版),2007,35(7):866-870.HUANG Hong-wei,CHE Ping.Research on micro-mechanism of softening and argillitization of mudstone[J].Journal of Tongji University(Natural Science),2007,35(7):866-870.
[11]BAK P,CHAO TANG,KURT WIESENFELD.Self-organized criticality:an explanation of1/f noise[J].Physical Renew Letters,1987,59(4):381-384.
[12]BAK P.How nature works:the science of self-organized criticality[M].New York:Copernocus Press for Springer-Verlag,1996:1-2,13,15,16,32.
[13]BAK P,CHAO TANG,KURT WIESENFDD.Self-orgainzed criticality[J].Physical Review,1988,38(1):364-365,373.
[14]梅可玉.论自组织临界性与复杂系统的演化行为[J].自然辩证法研究,2004,20(7):6-9,41.MEI Ke-yu.Self-organized criticality and evolutionary behavior of complex systems[J].Studies in Dialectics of Nature,2004,20(7):6-9,41.
[15]NICOLIS G,PRIGOGINE I.Self-organization in nonequilibrium systems[M].New York:J.Wiley,1977.
[16]BUSHEV M.Synergetics,chaos,order,self-organization[M].Singapore:World Scientific,1994:1-275.
[17]蔡绍洪,彭仕政,赵行如,等.耗散结构与非平衡相变原理及应用[M].贵阳:贵州科技出版社,1998:33-79.
[18]於崇文.固体地球系统的复杂性与自组织临界性[J].地学前缘,1998,5(3):159-182.
[19]张后全,唐春安,贺永年,等.岩石破裂进程的自组织临界特征探讨[J].西北地震学报,2006,28(1):1-5.ZHANG Hou-quan,TANG Chun-an,HE Yong-nian,et al.Discussion on self-organized criticality in rock failure progress[J].Northwestern Seismological Journal,2006,28(1):1-5.
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