静载下预制裂隙类岩石材料断裂实验与分析
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摘要
在伺服控制单轴加载系统下对预制两条贯通裂隙类岩石材料进行加载试验,探索预制裂隙倾角和岩桥倾角对岩桥贯通模式的影响规律.对比实验与数值分析结果发现:随预制裂隙倾角及岩桥倾角的变化,裂隙体呈现出预制裂隙贯通破坏与单裂隙翼裂纹扩展贯通破坏;裂隙体预制裂隙发生贯通破坏时,岩桥倾角对裂隙体微裂纹贯通破坏模式的影响与裂隙倾角有关;裂隙倾角较大时(≥75°),岩桥倾角的影响不明显;裂隙倾角较小时(≤75°),岩桥倾角的影响越来越大,预制裂隙倾角45°附近影响最为显著;预制裂隙倾角较小(25°),岩桥倾角不大时(≤45°),裂隙体呈现出单裂隙翼裂纹扩展贯通破坏现象.裂隙体破坏时,预制裂隙尖端主要发育翼形裂纹和次生共面裂纹.
In the system of uniaxial loading with servo control,the experiment of uniaxial loading on the rock-lick materials with two prefabricated-connected fissures was made,aiming to explore the rules of the pattern of rock-bridge coalescence under the influence of the dip of the prefabricated fissures and rock-bridge.By comparing the results of experiment and numerical analysis,we found that:the fissure-body present the transfixion failure of the prefabricated fissures and the transfixion failure of wing cracks generated at the tip of a single fissure.When the transfixion failure of the prefabricated fissures appeare,the influence on the pattern of rock-bridge coalescence,which is made by the angle of rock-bridge,has relationship with the dip of fissures.When the dip of fissures is big,the influence of the rock-bridge is not significant,and when it is small,the influence is more and more great.When the dip of fissures is about 45°,the influence is the most significant.When the fissure-body has smaller fissure dip(25°)and rock-bridge angle(≤45°),the transfixion failure occurre,caused by the coalescence of wing cracks which generated at the tip of a single fissure.And during the failure process of the fissure-body,the wing crack and secondary co-plane crack are the main cracks at the tips of the prefabricated fissures.
In the system of uniaxial loading with servo control,the experiment of uniaxial loading on the rock-lick materials with two prefabricated-connected fissures was made,aiming to explore the rules of the pattern of rock-bridge coalescence under the influence of the dip of the prefabricated fissures and rock-bridge.By comparing the results of experiment and numerical analysis,we found that:the fissure-body present the transfixion failure of the prefabricated fissures and the transfixion failure of wing cracks generated at the tip of a single fissure.When the transfixion failure of the prefabricated fissures appeare,the influence on the pattern of rock-bridge coalescence,which is made by the angle of rock-bridge,has relationship with the dip of fissures.When the dip of fissures is big,the influence of the rock-bridge is not significant,and when it is small,the influence is more and more great.When the dip of fissures is about 45°,the influence is the most significant.When the fissure-body has smaller fissure dip(25°)and rock-bridge angle(≤45°),the transfixion failure occurre,caused by the coalescence of wing cracks which generated at the tip of a single fissure.And during the failure process of the fissure-body,the wing crack and secondary co-plane crack are the main cracks at the tips of the prefabricated fissures.
引文
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[2]张平.裂隙介质静动应力条件下的破坏模式与局部化渐进破损模型研究[D].西安:西安理工大学,2004.Zhang P.Research on the failure patterns and localized progressive failure models of the cracked media under static and dynamic stress condition[D].Xi'an:Xi'an university of technology,2004.
[3]Wong R H C,Chau K T.Crack coalescence in a rock-like material containing two cracks[J].International Journal of Rock Mechanics and Mining Sciences,1998,35(2):147-164.
[4]Bobet A,Einstein H H.Fracture coalescence in rock-type materials under uniaxial and biaxial compression[J].International Journal of Rock Mechanics and Mining Sciences,1998,35(7):863-888.
[5]张平,贺若兰,李宁,等.不同应变速率下非贯通裂隙介质的单轴抗压强度分析[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2007,26(1):2735-2742.Zhang P,He R L,Li N,et al.Uniaxial compressive strength analysis of fractured media containing intermittent fractures at different strain rates[J].Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,2007,26(1):2735-2742.
[6]唐春安,刘红元,秦四清,等.非均匀性对岩石介质中裂纹扩展模式的影响[J].地球物理学报,2000,43(1):116-121.Tang C A,Liu H Y,Qin S Q,et al.Influence of heterogeneity on crack propagation modes in brittle rock[J].Chinese Journal of Geophysics,2000,43(1):116-121.
[7]黄明利,唐春安,梁正召.岩石裂纹相互作用的应力场分析[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2001,22(4):446-449.Huang M L,Tang C A,Liang Z C.Stress field analysis of interaction of rock cracks[J].Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,2001,22(4):446-449.
[8]黎立云,许凤光,高峰,等.岩桥贯通机理的断裂力学分析[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2005,24(23):4328-4334.Li L Y,Xu F G,Gao F,et al.Fracture mechanics analysis of rock bridge failure mechanism[J].Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,2005,24(23):4328-4334.
[9]黄明利,唐春安,朱万成.非均匀岩桥对裂纹扩展贯通机制影响的数值分析[J].辽宁工程技术大学学报(自然科学版),2000,19(1):20-24.Huang M L,Tang C A,Zhu W C.Numerical simulation of the influence of heterogeneous rock bridge on the propagation and coalescence mechanism of cracks[J].Journal of Liaoning Technical University(Natural Science Edition),2000,19(1):20-24.
[10]黄明利.非均匀岩石裂纹扩展机制的数值分析[J].青岛理工大学学报,2006,27(4):34-37.Huang M L.Numerical studies of influence of heterogeneity on rock failure with pre-existing crack in uniaxial compression[J].Journal of Qingdao Technological University,2006,27(4):34-37.
[11]王元汉,徐钺,谭国焕,等.岩体断裂的破坏机理与计算模拟[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2000,19(4):449-452.Wang Y H,Xu Y,Tan G H,et al.Fracture mechanism and calculation ofrock fracture[J].Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,2000,19(4):449-452.
[12]黄明利,唐春安,朱万成.岩石破裂过程的数值模拟研究[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2000,19(4):468-471.Huang M L,Tang C A,Zhu W C.Numerical simulation on falure process of rock[J].Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,2000,19(4):468-471.
[13]朱万成,黄明利,唐春安.混凝土试件裂纹扩展及破坏过程的计算机模拟[J].辽宁工程技术大学学报(自然科学版),2000,19(3):271-274.Zhu W C,Huang M L,Tang C A.Computer simulation on cracks propagation and failure process of concrete specimen[J].Journal of Liaoning Technical University(Natural Science Edition),2000,19(3):271-274.
[14]于骁中,谯常析,周群力.岩石和混凝土断裂力学[M].长沙:中南工业大学出版社,1991.Yu X Z,Qiao C X,Zhou Q L.Rock and concrete fracture mechanics[M].Changsha:Central South University Press,1991.
[15]李贺.岩石断裂力学[M].重庆:重庆大学出版社,1988.Li H.Rock fracture mechanics[M].Chongqing:Chongqing University Press,1988.
[16]郭志.适用岩体力学[M].北京:地震出版社,1996.Guo Z.Applicable rockmass mechanics[M].Beijing:Earthquake Press,1996.
[17]关宝树,熊火耀,翁汉民.裂隙岩体强度的试验研究[J].西南交通大学学报,1982(1):12-23.Guan B S,Xiong H Y,Weng H M.The experimental study of the strength of jointed rock mass[J].Journal of Southwest Jiaotong University,1982(1):12-23.
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