水力压裂在油气田勘探开发中的关键作用
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摘要
水力压裂技术是石油能源工业中的重要技术之一,从其功能角度看,压裂不再仅被定义为采油工艺中的一项技术,它在油气藏勘探开发中所表现出的地位和产生的效果使其成为石油勘探开发中不可缺少的一项配套技术、开发方式和增产手段。通过实例,结合中外各油田在实践过程中的经验,分析了探井水力压裂在降低勘探风险、解放低效储层、获取储层信息等方面的重要性,阐明了水力压裂在油气储量发现与评价中发挥的重要支撑作用。在油气田开发中,水力压裂可实现低渗透油气藏的高效开发,保持常规油田稳产增产,有助于老油田的开发调整及挖潜,实现特殊类型油气藏的开发和增产。压裂材料、压裂理论、压裂模拟模型、设计及软件、压裂裂缝监测及压裂效果评价方法等将仍是未来压裂技术研究的热点。
Hydraulic fracturing is the main technology for energy industry in the future. It is not only a technique within the field of oil production but also an indispensable matching technique development approach and production enhancing treatment in the exploration and development field. This paper introduces the applications and several key technologies and discusses some concrete problems, such as exploration risk,low efficient reservoir development and obtaining of reservoir information,after referencing practical experience on exploration,development and production of oil fields domestic and overseas. In the development of oil and gas field,the hydraulic fracturing may realize the high efficient development of low permeable reservoir,maintain the stable production of conventional oil field,and help the production adjustment and potential enhancing. The fracturing material,fracturing theory,fracturing simulation model,designing and software,fracturing monitoring and fracturing performance evaluation will be the research hot point in the future.
Hydraulic fracturing is the main technology for energy industry in the future. It is not only a technique within the field of oil production but also an indispensable matching technique development approach and production enhancing treatment in the exploration and development field. This paper introduces the applications and several key technologies and discusses some concrete problems, such as exploration risk,low efficient reservoir development and obtaining of reservoir information,after referencing practical experience on exploration,development and production of oil fields domestic and overseas. In the development of oil and gas field,the hydraulic fracturing may realize the high efficient development of low permeable reservoir,maintain the stable production of conventional oil field,and help the production adjustment and potential enhancing. The fracturing material,fracturing theory,fracturing simulation model,designing and software,fracturing monitoring and fracturing performance evaluation will be the research hot point in the future.
引文
[1]李宗田.水平井压裂技术现状与展望[J].石油钻采工艺,2009,31(6):13-18.
[2]蔡利学,闫相宾.从预探井失利因素看地震技术需求[J].大庆石油学院学报,2007,31(5):31-33,50.
[3]寇永强.大型压裂技术在特低渗透薄互层油藏的应用——以梁家楼油田梁112块为例[J].油气地质与采收率,2004,11(3):61-62.
[4]黄波,马收,刘言亭,等.腰英台油田特低渗透油藏压裂技术研究及应用[J].油气地质与采收率,2007,14(4):101-102.
[5]赵文智,胡永乐,罗凯.边际油田开发技术现状、挑战与对策[J].石油勘探与开发,2006,33(4):393-398.
[6]王光付,廖荣凤,李江龙,等.中国石化低渗透油藏开发状况及前景[J].油气地质与采收率,2007,14(3):84-89.
[7]吴忠宝,胡文瑞,宋新民,等.整体水力压裂油藏裂缝—油藏耦合数值模拟研究[J].油气地质与采收率,2009,16(2):70-73.
[8]黄志文.压裂效果评价方法及目标性分析[J].内蒙古石油化工,2009,(14):43-45.
[9]翁定为,蒋廷学,焦亚军,等.安塞油田改变相渗压裂液重复压裂现场先导试验[J].油气地质与采收率,2009,16(2):103-105.
[10]张丁涌,赵金洲,赵磊,等.重复压裂造缝的应力场分析[J].油气地质与采收率,2004,11(4):58-59.
[11]刘长印.不同类型油气井压裂选井选层影响因素分析[J].油气井测试,2009,18(3):32-35.
[12]苏建政.碳酸盐岩非均质性对水力裂缝起裂影响的有限元法研究[J].石油钻采工艺,2008,30(4):63-66.
[13]张言.页岩气藏开发的专项技术[J].国外油田工程,2009,25(1):24-27.
[14]赵群,王红岩,刘人和,等.世界页岩气发展现状及我国勘探前景[J].天然气技术,2008,2(3):11-14,57.
[2]蔡利学,闫相宾.从预探井失利因素看地震技术需求[J].大庆石油学院学报,2007,31(5):31-33,50.
[3]寇永强.大型压裂技术在特低渗透薄互层油藏的应用——以梁家楼油田梁112块为例[J].油气地质与采收率,2004,11(3):61-62.
[4]黄波,马收,刘言亭,等.腰英台油田特低渗透油藏压裂技术研究及应用[J].油气地质与采收率,2007,14(4):101-102.
[5]赵文智,胡永乐,罗凯.边际油田开发技术现状、挑战与对策[J].石油勘探与开发,2006,33(4):393-398.
[6]王光付,廖荣凤,李江龙,等.中国石化低渗透油藏开发状况及前景[J].油气地质与采收率,2007,14(3):84-89.
[7]吴忠宝,胡文瑞,宋新民,等.整体水力压裂油藏裂缝—油藏耦合数值模拟研究[J].油气地质与采收率,2009,16(2):70-73.
[8]黄志文.压裂效果评价方法及目标性分析[J].内蒙古石油化工,2009,(14):43-45.
[9]翁定为,蒋廷学,焦亚军,等.安塞油田改变相渗压裂液重复压裂现场先导试验[J].油气地质与采收率,2009,16(2):103-105.
[10]张丁涌,赵金洲,赵磊,等.重复压裂造缝的应力场分析[J].油气地质与采收率,2004,11(4):58-59.
[11]刘长印.不同类型油气井压裂选井选层影响因素分析[J].油气井测试,2009,18(3):32-35.
[12]苏建政.碳酸盐岩非均质性对水力裂缝起裂影响的有限元法研究[J].石油钻采工艺,2008,30(4):63-66.
[13]张言.页岩气藏开发的专项技术[J].国外油田工程,2009,25(1):24-27.
[14]赵群,王红岩,刘人和,等.世界页岩气发展现状及我国勘探前景[J].天然气技术,2008,2(3):11-14,57.
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