由实钻资料反演地应力及井壁稳定
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摘要
目前确定石油工程中地应力的方法均存在各自的局限性,为了得到直接反应地应力大小和方向的信息,提出一种基于实钻资料确定地应力的新方法,不将井眼看作理想的圆筒,而是通过力学分析建立井壁围岩的变形程度与岩石物理力学性质、地应力、孔隙压力及钻井液密度的关系,在此基础上由钻井液录井和常规测井,反演出地应力及孔隙压力,并进一步计算井壁坍塌和破裂压力。研究发现,破裂压力计算值与实测值符合较好,而反演得到的孔隙压力与实用钻井液密度符合,说明该方法合理可行。若结合随钻测量,该方法可实现地应力及井壁稳定的实时预测,应用前景广阔。
A new method based on actual data to determine geostress is introduced.Without the traditional assumption that wellbore is cylindrical,the relationship among wellbore deformation,rock mechanical properties,geostress,pore pressure and mud density is established by using dual media elastic mechanics.Using this relationship,geostress and pore pressure are inverted from mud log and conventional log.Then collapse pressure and fracture pressure are calculated.The results show that the calculated fracture pressure is in good agreement with the actually measured value,and the inverted pore pressure is in agreement with the practical mud density.The agreement verifies the rationality of this new method.It is a breakthrough to determine earth pressure and pore pressure from actual mud log and conventional log.Due to the basis of rigorous mechanical model and actual data,this new method has high degree of accuracy.With measurements while drilling,this method can predict pore pressure,geostress and wellbore stability at real time.So the method may be wildly used.
A new method based on actual data to determine geostress is introduced.Without the traditional assumption that wellbore is cylindrical,the relationship among wellbore deformation,rock mechanical properties,geostress,pore pressure and mud density is established by using dual media elastic mechanics.Using this relationship,geostress and pore pressure are inverted from mud log and conventional log.Then collapse pressure and fracture pressure are calculated.The results show that the calculated fracture pressure is in good agreement with the actually measured value,and the inverted pore pressure is in agreement with the practical mud density.The agreement verifies the rationality of this new method.It is a breakthrough to determine earth pressure and pore pressure from actual mud log and conventional log.Due to the basis of rigorous mechanical model and actual data,this new method has high degree of accuracy.With measurements while drilling,this method can predict pore pressure,geostress and wellbore stability at real time.So the method may be wildly used.
引文
[1]陈勉,金衍,张广清.石油工程岩石力学[M].北京:科学出版社,2008.(CHEN Mian,JIN Yan,ZHANG Guangqing.Petroleum related rock mechanics[M].Beijing:Science Press,2008.(in Chinese))
[2]ZOBACK M D,BARTON C A,BRUDY M.Determination of stress orientation and magnitude in deep wells[J].International Journal of Rock Mechanics and Mining Sciences,2003,40(10):1049-1076.
[3]石林,张旭东,金衍,等.深层地应力测量新方法[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2004,23(14):2355-2358.(SHI Lin,ZHANG Xudong,JIN Yan,et al.New method for measurement of in-situ stress at great depth[J].Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,2004,23(14):2355-2358.(in Chinese))
[4]金衍,陈勉,郭凯俊,等.复杂泥页岩地层地应力的确定方法研究[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2006,25(11):2287-2291.(JIN Yan,CHEN Mian,GUO Kaijun,et al.Study on determination method of in-situ stress for complex silt formations[J].Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,2006,25(11):2287-2291.(in Chinese))
[5]张广清,陈勉,赵振峰.Kaiser取样偏差对深层油藏地应力测试的影响分析[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2008,27(8):1682-1687.(ZHANG Guangqing,CHEN Mian,ZHAO Zhenfeng.Research on influence of Kaiser sampling deviation on stress measurements at great depth[J].Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,2008,27(8):1682-1687.(in Chinese))
[6]LAVROV A.The Kaiser effect in rocks:principles and stress estimation techniques[J].International Journal of Rock Mechanics and Mining Sciences,2003,40(2):151-171.
[7]侯明勋,葛修润,王水林.水力压裂法地应力测量中的几个问题[J].岩土力学,2003,24(5):840-844.(HOU Mingxun,GE Xiurun,WANG Shuilin.Discussion on application of hydraulic fracturing method to geostress measurement[J].Rock and Soil Mechanics,2003,24(5):840-844.(in Chinese))
[8]SUNG O C.A decade′s hydro fracturing experiences of in-situ stress measurement for tunnel construction in Korea[J].Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,2007,26(11):2200-2206.
[9]RUTQVIST J,CHIN F U T,STEPHANSSON O.Uncertainty in maximum principal stress estimated from hydraulic fracturing measurements due to the presence of the induced fracture[J].International Journal of Rock Mechanics and Mining Sciences,2000,37(1-2):107-120.
[10]ITO T,EVANS K,KAWAI K,et al.Hydraulic fracture reopening pressure and the estimation of maximum horizontal stress[J].International Journal of Rock Mechanics and Mining Sciences,1999,36(6):811-826.
[11]BRUDY M,ZOBACK M D,FUCHS K,et al.Baumgartner.Estimation of the complete stress tensor to8km depth in the KTB scientific drill holes:implications for crustal strength[J].Journal of Geophysical Research,1997,102(B8):18453-18475.
[12]HUDSON J A,CORNET F H,CHISTIANSSON R.ISRM suggested method for rock stress estimation—part I:strategy for rock stress estimation[J].International Journal of Rock Mechanics and Mining Sciences,2003,40(7/8):991-998.
[13]FJAER E,HOLT R M,HORSRUD P.Petroleum related rock mechanics[M].Amsterdam:Elsevier Press,1992.
[14]曾联波,王贵文.塔里木盆地库车山前构造带地应力分布特征[J].石油勘探与开发,2005,32(3):59-60.(ZENG Lianbo,WANG Guiwen.Distribution of earth stress in Kuche thrust belt,Tarim Basin[J].Petroleum Exploration and Development,2005,32(3):59-60.(in Chinese))
[15]黄继新,彭仕宓,王小军,等.成像测井资料在裂缝和地应力研究中的应用[J].石油学报,2006,27(6):65-69.(HUANG Jixin,PENG Shimi,WANG Xiaojun,et al.Applications of imaging logging data in the research of fracture and ground stress[J].Acta Petrolei Sinica,2006,27(6):65-69.(in Chinese))
[16]吴超,陈勉,金衍.基于地震属性技术的井壁稳定随钻预测新方法[J].中国石油大学学报(自然科学版),2007,31(6):141-146.(WU Chao,CHEN Mian,JIN Yan.A new method of predicting borehole stability while drilling based on seisic attribute technology[J].Journal of China University of Petroleum(Natural Science),2007,31(6):141-146.(in Chinese))
[2]ZOBACK M D,BARTON C A,BRUDY M.Determination of stress orientation and magnitude in deep wells[J].International Journal of Rock Mechanics and Mining Sciences,2003,40(10):1049-1076.
[3]石林,张旭东,金衍,等.深层地应力测量新方法[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2004,23(14):2355-2358.(SHI Lin,ZHANG Xudong,JIN Yan,et al.New method for measurement of in-situ stress at great depth[J].Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,2004,23(14):2355-2358.(in Chinese))
[4]金衍,陈勉,郭凯俊,等.复杂泥页岩地层地应力的确定方法研究[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2006,25(11):2287-2291.(JIN Yan,CHEN Mian,GUO Kaijun,et al.Study on determination method of in-situ stress for complex silt formations[J].Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,2006,25(11):2287-2291.(in Chinese))
[5]张广清,陈勉,赵振峰.Kaiser取样偏差对深层油藏地应力测试的影响分析[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2008,27(8):1682-1687.(ZHANG Guangqing,CHEN Mian,ZHAO Zhenfeng.Research on influence of Kaiser sampling deviation on stress measurements at great depth[J].Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,2008,27(8):1682-1687.(in Chinese))
[6]LAVROV A.The Kaiser effect in rocks:principles and stress estimation techniques[J].International Journal of Rock Mechanics and Mining Sciences,2003,40(2):151-171.
[7]侯明勋,葛修润,王水林.水力压裂法地应力测量中的几个问题[J].岩土力学,2003,24(5):840-844.(HOU Mingxun,GE Xiurun,WANG Shuilin.Discussion on application of hydraulic fracturing method to geostress measurement[J].Rock and Soil Mechanics,2003,24(5):840-844.(in Chinese))
[8]SUNG O C.A decade′s hydro fracturing experiences of in-situ stress measurement for tunnel construction in Korea[J].Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,2007,26(11):2200-2206.
[9]RUTQVIST J,CHIN F U T,STEPHANSSON O.Uncertainty in maximum principal stress estimated from hydraulic fracturing measurements due to the presence of the induced fracture[J].International Journal of Rock Mechanics and Mining Sciences,2000,37(1-2):107-120.
[10]ITO T,EVANS K,KAWAI K,et al.Hydraulic fracture reopening pressure and the estimation of maximum horizontal stress[J].International Journal of Rock Mechanics and Mining Sciences,1999,36(6):811-826.
[11]BRUDY M,ZOBACK M D,FUCHS K,et al.Baumgartner.Estimation of the complete stress tensor to8km depth in the KTB scientific drill holes:implications for crustal strength[J].Journal of Geophysical Research,1997,102(B8):18453-18475.
[12]HUDSON J A,CORNET F H,CHISTIANSSON R.ISRM suggested method for rock stress estimation—part I:strategy for rock stress estimation[J].International Journal of Rock Mechanics and Mining Sciences,2003,40(7/8):991-998.
[13]FJAER E,HOLT R M,HORSRUD P.Petroleum related rock mechanics[M].Amsterdam:Elsevier Press,1992.
[14]曾联波,王贵文.塔里木盆地库车山前构造带地应力分布特征[J].石油勘探与开发,2005,32(3):59-60.(ZENG Lianbo,WANG Guiwen.Distribution of earth stress in Kuche thrust belt,Tarim Basin[J].Petroleum Exploration and Development,2005,32(3):59-60.(in Chinese))
[15]黄继新,彭仕宓,王小军,等.成像测井资料在裂缝和地应力研究中的应用[J].石油学报,2006,27(6):65-69.(HUANG Jixin,PENG Shimi,WANG Xiaojun,et al.Applications of imaging logging data in the research of fracture and ground stress[J].Acta Petrolei Sinica,2006,27(6):65-69.(in Chinese))
[16]吴超,陈勉,金衍.基于地震属性技术的井壁稳定随钻预测新方法[J].中国石油大学学报(自然科学版),2007,31(6):141-146.(WU Chao,CHEN Mian,JIN Yan.A new method of predicting borehole stability while drilling based on seisic attribute technology[J].Journal of China University of Petroleum(Natural Science),2007,31(6):141-146.(in Chinese))
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