基于损伤可识别性的传感器优化布置方法
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摘要
为了满足结构健康监测和损伤识别的要求,提出了一种以损伤可识别性与模态可观测性相协调为目标的传感器优化布置方法.考虑损伤导致的结构响应变化,由结构运动方程推导出了结构响应与振型和损伤灵敏度之间的解析关系式.根据Fisher信息熵原理,建立了同时包含模态独立性信息和损伤灵敏度信息的目标函数.利用奇异值分解技术,发展了以Fisher信息矩阵最大和条件数最小为准则的迭代算法.算例分析表明,所提方法有效地克服了基于模态可观测性和基于损伤可识别性的传感器优化布置结果存在的差异,利用其优化结果进行的损伤识别比单一目标的结果具有更高的精度.
A method of prioritizing sensor locations for structural health monitoring and damage detection is presented based on the harmony between damage identifiability and modal observability. Considering the structural response changes resulting from damage,the relationship of the structural response,node shape and damage sensitivity was deduced from the structural motion equation by a quasi-analytical mode. According to the Fisher information entropy,an objective function was set up including the information of mode independence and damage sensitivity. Utilizing the technique of singular value decomposition,an iterate algorithm for optimum sensor placement is proposed with the criterion of minimum condition number of coefficient matrix and maximum norm of the Fisher information matrix. Numerical example analyses show that this approach effectively avoids the contradiction between the two different optimization criterions,and the result of damage detection from the optical sensor locations is more accurate comparing with the result of single objective.
A method of prioritizing sensor locations for structural health monitoring and damage detection is presented based on the harmony between damage identifiability and modal observability. Considering the structural response changes resulting from damage,the relationship of the structural response,node shape and damage sensitivity was deduced from the structural motion equation by a quasi-analytical mode. According to the Fisher information entropy,an objective function was set up including the information of mode independence and damage sensitivity. Utilizing the technique of singular value decomposition,an iterate algorithm for optimum sensor placement is proposed with the criterion of minimum condition number of coefficient matrix and maximum norm of the Fisher information matrix. Numerical example analyses show that this approach effectively avoids the contradiction between the two different optimization criterions,and the result of damage detection from the optical sensor locations is more accurate comparing with the result of single objective.
引文
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[11]PAPADOPOULOS M,GARCIA E.Sensor placement methodologies for dynamic testing[J].AIAA Journal,1998,36(2):256-263
[12]刘娟,黄维平.传感器优化配置的修正逐步累积法[J].青岛海洋大学学报,2003,33(3):476-482
[13]秦仙蓉,张令弥.一种基于QR分解的逐步累积法传感器配置[J].振动、测试与诊断,2001,21(3):168-173
[14]COBB R G,LIEBST B S.Sensor location prioritization and structural damage localization using mini mal sensor information[J].AIAA Journal,1997,35(2):369-374
[15]SHI Z Y,LAW S,ZHANG L M.Opti mizing sensor placement for structural damage detection[J].Journal of Engineering Machines,ASCE,2000,126(11):1173-1179
[16]刘晖,翟伟廉,袁润章.基于灵敏度分析的结构损伤识别中的传感器优化布置[J].地震工程与工程振动,2003,23(6):85-90
[17]崔飞,袁万城,史家钧.传感器优化布设在桥梁健康监测中的应用[J].同济大学学报,1999,27(2):165-169
[18]冯新,李国强,范颖芳.几种常用损伤动力指纹的适用性研究[J].振动、测试与诊断,2004,24(4):277-280
[19]徐玖平,吴巍.多属性决策的理论与方法[M].北京:清华大学出版社,2006
[2]YU T K,SEIFELD J H.Observability and opti mal measurement locations in linear distributed parameter systems[J].International Journal of Control,1973,18(4):785-799
[3]OMATU S,KOIDE S,SOEDA T.Opti mal sensor location for linear distributed parameter systems[J].IEEE Transactions on Automatic Control,1978,AC-23(4):665-673
[4]SAWARGI Y,SOEDA T,OMATU S.Modeling,esti mation and their application for distributed parameter systems[C]//Lecture Notes in Control&Information Science.Berlin:Springer-Verlag,1978
[5]LI M K B.A method of opti mal actuator and sensor placement for large flexible space structures[C]//Proceedings of the AIAA Guidance Navigation and Control Conference.Washington D C:AIAA,1990
[6]UDWADIA F E.Methodology for opti mal sensor locations for parameter identification in dynamic systems[J].American Society of Civil Engineers,Journal of Engineering Mechanics,1994,120(2):368-390
[7]LI U C,TASKER F A.Sensor placement for multi-input multi-output dynamic identification[C]//Proceedings of the36th Structures,Structural Dynamics and Materials Conference.Washington D C:AIAA,1995
[8]KAMMER D C.Sensor placement for on-orbit modal identification and correlation of large space structures[J].Journal of Guidance,Control,and Dynamics,1991,14(2):251-259
[9]GUYAN R J.Reduction of stiffness and mass matrices[J].AIAA Journal,1965,3(2):380
[10]KI M H B,PARK Y S.Sensor placement guide for structural joint stiffness model i mprovement[J].Mechanical Systems and Signal Processing,1997,11(5):651-672
[11]PAPADOPOULOS M,GARCIA E.Sensor placement methodologies for dynamic testing[J].AIAA Journal,1998,36(2):256-263
[12]刘娟,黄维平.传感器优化配置的修正逐步累积法[J].青岛海洋大学学报,2003,33(3):476-482
[13]秦仙蓉,张令弥.一种基于QR分解的逐步累积法传感器配置[J].振动、测试与诊断,2001,21(3):168-173
[14]COBB R G,LIEBST B S.Sensor location prioritization and structural damage localization using mini mal sensor information[J].AIAA Journal,1997,35(2):369-374
[15]SHI Z Y,LAW S,ZHANG L M.Opti mizing sensor placement for structural damage detection[J].Journal of Engineering Machines,ASCE,2000,126(11):1173-1179
[16]刘晖,翟伟廉,袁润章.基于灵敏度分析的结构损伤识别中的传感器优化布置[J].地震工程与工程振动,2003,23(6):85-90
[17]崔飞,袁万城,史家钧.传感器优化布设在桥梁健康监测中的应用[J].同济大学学报,1999,27(2):165-169
[18]冯新,李国强,范颖芳.几种常用损伤动力指纹的适用性研究[J].振动、测试与诊断,2004,24(4):277-280
[19]徐玖平,吴巍.多属性决策的理论与方法[M].北京:清华大学出版社,2006
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