基于图像熵值的矿井突水电阻率CT图像量化评价
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摘要
针对以往对电阻率CT图像单纯依靠直观判断的定性分析方法,提出了一种基于图像熵值的CT图像量化评价方法,从定量的角度判读图像信息的实时变化.建立了煤层底板陷落柱突水过程的简化地电模型,利用有限元方法对该地电模型的突水过程的电阻率监测进行了正演模拟,分析了电阻率CT图像熵值对突水过程的响应特征,根据图像熵值的变化信息成功捕捉到了突水前兆信息.利用图像熵值对矿井顶板突水模型试验中的动态电阻率CT图像进行评价,较突水发生时刻提前574 s捕捉到了突水前兆信息.通过综合分析数值模拟和模型试验中图像熵值响应特点,得到了"CT图像熵值的突变本质上是对导致岩层或煤层导电性根本变化的突变事件的响应"这一重要结论,发现利用CT图像熵值量化评价方法,可以在一定程度上压制初期扰动对突水前兆信息判读和捕捉的干扰,放大突变事件的影响程度,有效的提高了突水前兆信息的捕捉的成功概率和可靠性.
Aiming at the qualitative analysis of resistivity CT image by intuitive judgment alone, we put forward a quantitative evaluation method based on image entropy to quantitatively analyze real-time change of image information.A simplified geo-electric model for water inrush process due to collapse columns from coal seam floor is built.And numerical forward modeling for simulating the water inrush process monitored by ERT method is executed by the Finite Element Method.The response characteristics of image entropy to the water inrush process are analyzed,by which the precursory information of water inrush is captured successfully.The image entropy method is used to evaluate the CT image in mine roof water inrush model test. And the precursory information of water inrush is captured,which is 574 s ahead of the inrush time.By analyzing the response characteristics of image entropy in numerical modeling and model test,we obtain an important conclusion,that is:"the catastrophe of image entropy is essentially the response to the catastrophe event that results in fundamental change to electric conductivity in strata or coal seam".By using the quantitative evaluation method with image entropy,the jam of the initial disturbance to analysis and capturing the precursory information is suppressed to a certain extent,and the impact of catastrophe event is amplified,making the success probability and reliability of precursory information capturing effectively improved.
Aiming at the qualitative analysis of resistivity CT image by intuitive judgment alone, we put forward a quantitative evaluation method based on image entropy to quantitatively analyze real-time change of image information.A simplified geo-electric model for water inrush process due to collapse columns from coal seam floor is built.And numerical forward modeling for simulating the water inrush process monitored by ERT method is executed by the Finite Element Method.The response characteristics of image entropy to the water inrush process are analyzed,by which the precursory information of water inrush is captured successfully.The image entropy method is used to evaluate the CT image in mine roof water inrush model test. And the precursory information of water inrush is captured,which is 574 s ahead of the inrush time.By analyzing the response characteristics of image entropy in numerical modeling and model test,we obtain an important conclusion,that is:"the catastrophe of image entropy is essentially the response to the catastrophe event that results in fundamental change to electric conductivity in strata or coal seam".By using the quantitative evaluation method with image entropy,the jam of the initial disturbance to analysis and capturing the precursory information is suppressed to a certain extent,and the impact of catastrophe event is amplified,making the success probability and reliability of precursory information capturing effectively improved.
引文
[1]缪协兴,浦海,白海波.隔水关键层原理及其在保水采煤中的应用研究[J].中国矿业大学学报,2008,37 (1):1-4. MIAO Xie-xing,PU Hai,BAI Hai-bo.Principle of water resisting key strata and its application in water-preserved mining[J].Journal of China University of Mining & Technology,2008,37(1):1-4.
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[7]刘树才.煤矿底板突水机理及破坏裂隙带演化动态探测技术[D].徐州:中国矿业大学资源与地球科学学院,2008.
[8]WHITE P A.Electrode arrays for measuring groundwater flow direction and velocity[J].Geophysics, 1994,59(2):192-201.
[9]ARISTODEMOU E,THOMAS-BETTS A.DC resistivity and induced polarization investigations at a waste disposal site and its environments[J].Journal of Applied Geophysics,2000,44:275-302.
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[11]DOMINIQUE G,FLORENCE N,BRUNO K,et al.Electrical tomography monitoring of the excavation damaged zone of the Gallery 04 in the Mont Terri rock laboratory:Field experiments,modeling, and relationship with structural geology[J].Applied Clay Science,2006,33:21-34.
[12]程久龙,于师建.覆岩变形破坏电阻率响应特征的模拟实验研究[J].地球物理学报,2000,43(5):699- 706. CHENG Jiu-long,YU Shi-jian.Simulation experiment on the response of resistivity to deformation and failure of overburden[J].Chinese Journal of Geophysics,2000,43(5):699-706.
[13]郝锦绮,冯锐,周建国,等.岩石破裂过程中电阻率变化机理的探讨[J].地球物理学报,2002,45(3): 426-434. HAO Jin-qi,FENG Rui,ZHOU Jian-guo,et al. Study on the mechanism of resistivity changes during rock cracking[J].Chinese Journal of Geophysics, 2002,45(3):426-435.
[14]冯锐,郝锦绮,周建国.地震监测中的电阻率层析技术[J].地球物理学报,2001,44(6),833-843. FENG Rui,HAO Jin-qi,ZHOU Jian-guo.Resistivity tomography in earthquake monitoring[J]. Chinese Journal of Geophysics,2001,44(6),833- 843.
[15]陈燕梅,张胜元.基于交叉熵的数字图像置乱程度评价方法[J].中国图像图形学报,2007,12(6):997- 1001. CHEN Yan-mei,ZHANG Sheng-yuan.Digital image scrambling degree evaluation method based on cross-entropy[J].Journal of Image and Graphics, 2007,12(6):997-1001.
[16]张华熊,吕辉,翁向军.基于信息熵的图像置乱程度评价方法[J].电路与系统学报,2007,12(6):95-98. ZHANG Hua-xiong,LV Hui,WENG Xiang-jun. Image scrambling degree evaluation method based on information entropy[J]:Journal of Circuits and Systems, 2007,12(6):95-98.
[17]张倩,白燕,戴经梁.水对沥青混合料影响的CT图像熵值分析[J].公路,2007(4):158-161. ZHANG Qian,BAI Yan,DAI Jing-liang.CT image entropy analysis for influences of moisture on asphalt mixtures[J].Highway,2007(4):158-161.
[18]李连崇,唐春安,梁正召,等.煤层底板陷落柱活化突水过程的数值模拟[J].采矿与安全工程学报, 2009,26(2):158-162. LI Lian-chong,TANG Chun-an,LIANG Zheng-zhao, et al.Numerical simulation on water inrush process due to activation of collapse columns in coal seam floor[J].Journal of Mining & Safety Engineering, 2009,26(2):158-162.
[19]李利平.高风险岩溶隧道突水灾变演化机理及其应用研究[D].济南:山东大学土建与水科学院,2009.
[2]缪协兴,陈荣华,白海波.保水开采隔水关键层的基本概念及力学分析[J].煤炭学报,2007,32(6):561- 564. MIAO Xie-xing,CHEN Rong-hua,BAI Hai-bo. Fundamental concepts and mechanical analysis of water -resistingkey strata in water-preserved mining [J].Journal of China Coal Society,2007,32(6):561- 564.
[3]杨天鸿,唐春安,谭志宏,等.岩体破坏突水模型研究现状及突水预测预报研究发展趋势[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2007,26(2):268-277. YANG Tian-hong,TANG Chun-an,TAN Zhi-hong, et al.State of the art of inrush models in rock mass failure and developing trend for prediction and forecast of groundwater inrush[J].Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,2007,26(2):268- 277.
[4]施龙青,韩进.底板突水机制及预测预报[M].北京:中国矿业大学出版社,2004.
[5]岳建华,刘树才.矿井直流电法勘探[M].徐州:中国矿业大学出版社,2000.
[6]葛宝堂,李德春.岩体电阻率观测技术预报顶板失稳的前景[J].中国矿业大学学报,1993,22(2):48-52. GE Bao-tang,LI De-chun.The prospects for technique of detection rock resistivity applied prediction of roof failed in stability[J].Journal of China University of Mining & Technology,1993,22(2):48-52.
[7]刘树才.煤矿底板突水机理及破坏裂隙带演化动态探测技术[D].徐州:中国矿业大学资源与地球科学学院,2008.
[8]WHITE P A.Electrode arrays for measuring groundwater flow direction and velocity[J].Geophysics, 1994,59(2):192-201.
[9]ARISTODEMOU E,THOMAS-BETTS A.DC resistivity and induced polarization investigations at a waste disposal site and its environments[J].Journal of Applied Geophysics,2000,44:275-302.
[10]刘汉乐,周启友,吴华桥.轻非水相液体污染过程的高密度电阻率成像法室内监测[J].地球物理学报, 2008,51(4):1246-1254. LIU Han-le,ZHOU Qi-you,WU Hua-qiao.Laboratorial monitoring of the LNAPL contamination process using electrical tomography[J].Chinese Journal of Geophysics,2008,51(4):1246-1254.
[11]DOMINIQUE G,FLORENCE N,BRUNO K,et al.Electrical tomography monitoring of the excavation damaged zone of the Gallery 04 in the Mont Terri rock laboratory:Field experiments,modeling, and relationship with structural geology[J].Applied Clay Science,2006,33:21-34.
[12]程久龙,于师建.覆岩变形破坏电阻率响应特征的模拟实验研究[J].地球物理学报,2000,43(5):699- 706. CHENG Jiu-long,YU Shi-jian.Simulation experiment on the response of resistivity to deformation and failure of overburden[J].Chinese Journal of Geophysics,2000,43(5):699-706.
[13]郝锦绮,冯锐,周建国,等.岩石破裂过程中电阻率变化机理的探讨[J].地球物理学报,2002,45(3): 426-434. HAO Jin-qi,FENG Rui,ZHOU Jian-guo,et al. Study on the mechanism of resistivity changes during rock cracking[J].Chinese Journal of Geophysics, 2002,45(3):426-435.
[14]冯锐,郝锦绮,周建国.地震监测中的电阻率层析技术[J].地球物理学报,2001,44(6),833-843. FENG Rui,HAO Jin-qi,ZHOU Jian-guo.Resistivity tomography in earthquake monitoring[J]. Chinese Journal of Geophysics,2001,44(6),833- 843.
[15]陈燕梅,张胜元.基于交叉熵的数字图像置乱程度评价方法[J].中国图像图形学报,2007,12(6):997- 1001. CHEN Yan-mei,ZHANG Sheng-yuan.Digital image scrambling degree evaluation method based on cross-entropy[J].Journal of Image and Graphics, 2007,12(6):997-1001.
[16]张华熊,吕辉,翁向军.基于信息熵的图像置乱程度评价方法[J].电路与系统学报,2007,12(6):95-98. ZHANG Hua-xiong,LV Hui,WENG Xiang-jun. Image scrambling degree evaluation method based on information entropy[J]:Journal of Circuits and Systems, 2007,12(6):95-98.
[17]张倩,白燕,戴经梁.水对沥青混合料影响的CT图像熵值分析[J].公路,2007(4):158-161. ZHANG Qian,BAI Yan,DAI Jing-liang.CT image entropy analysis for influences of moisture on asphalt mixtures[J].Highway,2007(4):158-161.
[18]李连崇,唐春安,梁正召,等.煤层底板陷落柱活化突水过程的数值模拟[J].采矿与安全工程学报, 2009,26(2):158-162. LI Lian-chong,TANG Chun-an,LIANG Zheng-zhao, et al.Numerical simulation on water inrush process due to activation of collapse columns in coal seam floor[J].Journal of Mining & Safety Engineering, 2009,26(2):158-162.
[19]李利平.高风险岩溶隧道突水灾变演化机理及其应用研究[D].济南:山东大学土建与水科学院,2009.
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