基于R/S分析法与分形理论的围岩变形特征研究
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摘要
基于R/S分析法与分形理论,对某水电站地下厂房处于同一高层不同剖面的围岩变形特征进了深入剖析,计算了所有多点位移计(4点)测点位移时间序列的Hurst指数与分形维数,提出了围岩开裂的分维判据。研究结果表明,所有测点的位移时间序列的Hurst指数H均在区间(0.5,1)内,且离M410较近剖面的Hurst指数基本趋近于1,这揭示,围岩的变形在今后一段时间仍会继续增长,且增长速率持续提高。当从一个剖面到另一个剖面时,多点位移计的两浅层测点(孔口、5.0m)位移时间序列的分形维数先变小后变大,开裂剖面(M410所处剖面)的分形维数最小,这表明出现维数最小值是该剖面即将发生开裂的前兆与迹象;另外,尽管两深层测点(11.0m、17.5m)总体上存在类似趋势,然而没有如同浅层测点在某个区域存在着显著的单调性这一规律,这表明,M410所处剖面的裂缝深度不可能超出11.0m,其值应该在5.0m到11.0m之间。
The deformation characteristic of surrounding rock in the underground powerhouse of a hydropower station is analyzed by R/S method and fractal theory.Hurst indexes and fractal dimensions of displacement time series of all monitoring points are calculated.Fractal dimension criterion is presented.Hurst indexes of displacement-time series of all measurement points are greater than 0.5 and less than 1,and Hurst indexes of displacement-time series in cross-section neighboring from M410 approximate 1,which shows that the deformation of surrounding rock will continue to grow up and its increasing rate keeps accelerating.From one cross-section to another,fractal dimension of displacement-time series collected by multipoint extensometer in two shallower measurement points(orifice、5.0 m) increase and then decrease,and fractal dimension in fractured cross-section where M410 is installed is least,which indicates that the occurrence of dimension minimum is a alarm for the forthcoming cracking of surrounding rock.However,dimension in two deeper measurement-points(11.0 m,17.5 m) do not have the characteristics similar to the one in two shallower measurement-points.It is showed that crack depth in the cross-section where M410 is installed should be greater 5.0 m and less than 11.0 m.
The deformation characteristic of surrounding rock in the underground powerhouse of a hydropower station is analyzed by R/S method and fractal theory.Hurst indexes and fractal dimensions of displacement time series of all monitoring points are calculated.Fractal dimension criterion is presented.Hurst indexes of displacement-time series of all measurement points are greater than 0.5 and less than 1,and Hurst indexes of displacement-time series in cross-section neighboring from M410 approximate 1,which shows that the deformation of surrounding rock will continue to grow up and its increasing rate keeps accelerating.From one cross-section to another,fractal dimension of displacement-time series collected by multipoint extensometer in two shallower measurement points(orifice、5.0 m) increase and then decrease,and fractal dimension in fractured cross-section where M410 is installed is least,which indicates that the occurrence of dimension minimum is a alarm for the forthcoming cracking of surrounding rock.However,dimension in two deeper measurement-points(11.0 m,17.5 m) do not have the characteristics similar to the one in two shallower measurement-points.It is showed that crack depth in the cross-section where M410 is installed should be greater 5.0 m and less than 11.0 m.
引文
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[2]Deng Jianhui,Chen Fei,Yin Hu.Geological origin and sta-bility evaluation of siwancun landslide in luding county[J].Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,2007,26(10):1945-1950.[邓建辉,陈菲,尹虎.泸定县四湾村滑坡的地质成因与稳定评价[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2007,26(10):1945-1950.]
[3]Zhang Jianhai,He Jiangda,Fan Jingwe.3-D finite element analysis of amplification and dynamic tensile region of tian-longhu underground hydropower station under seismic action[J].Journal of Sichuan University:Engineering Science E-dition,2007,34(4):10-13.[张建海,何江达,范景伟.天龙湖地下厂房地震动力放大区及动拉力区三维有限元分析.四川大学学报:工程科学版,2007,34(4):10-13.]
[4]Hou Zhong,Gong Manfu,Lei Chengdi.Research on stability of slope atleft abutment of jinping first stage hydropo versta-tion[J].Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineer-ing,2006,11(25):2298-2304.[周钟,巩满福,雷承第.锦屏一级水电站左坝肩边坡稳定性研究[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2006,11(25):2298-2304.]
[5]Zhang Lin,Fan Jingwei,He Jiangda.Damage mechanism study arch dam of rock mass with intermittent joints[J].Journal Of Sichuan University:Engineering Science Edition,2000,32(1):7-11.[张林,范景伟,何江达.拱坝坝肩含断续节理岩体破坏机理研究[J].四川大学学报:工程科学版,2000,32(1):7-11.]
[6]Lai Daoping,Wu Zhongru,Zhou Hong.Application of fractal theory to analyze dam safety monitoring data[J].Shui Li Xue Bao,2004,1(5):100-104.[赖道平,吴中如,周红.分形学在大坝安全监测资料分析中的应用[J].水利学报,2004,1(5):100-104.]
[7]Peng Qi,Wang Dikai,Dang Jianhui.Analysis of surrounding rock deformation characteristics in underground powerhouse[J].Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,2007,26(12):2583-2587.[彭琦,王俤剀,邓建辉,等.地下厂房围岩变形特征分析[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2007,26(12):2583-2587.]
[8]Wang Derong,Zeng Shuxin,Wang Xinhong.Analysis of pressure and deformation of wall rock near deep tunnel[J].Rock and Soil Mechanics,2007,28(3):570-576.[王德荣,甄树新,汪新红,等.深部坑道围岩压力与变形分析[J].岩土力学,2007,28(3):570-576.]
[9]Wang Qisheng,Li Xibing,Li Diyuan.Surrounding rock de-formation properties and determination of support parameters of soft rock roadway in deep mine[J].Journalof China Coal Society,2008,33(4):364-367.[王其胜,李夕兵,李地元.深井软岩巷道围岩变形特征及支护参数的确定[J].煤炭学报,2008,33(4):364-367.]
[10]Mo Yangchun,Zhou Xiaojun.Dynamic monitoring and simulation analysis of surrounding rock deformation of tunnel in karst region[J].Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,2008,27(Supp2):3807-3815.[莫阳春,周晓军.岩溶隧道施工围岩变形动态监测与仿真分析[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2008,27(增刊2):3807-3815.]
[11]Hurst H E.long-term storage capacity of reservoirs:An experimental study[J].Transactions of American Society of civil Engineers,1951,116:770-808.
[12]Mandelbrot B,Van Vess J.Fractional Brownian motion,fractional noises,and applications[J].SIAM Rev,1968(10):422-437.
[13]Mandelbrot B B,Wallis J R.Robustness of the rescaled range R/S in the measurement of noncyclic long-run statisti-cal dependence[J].Water Resources Res:B,1969,5(5):967-988.
[14]Mandelbrot B B Wallis J R.Some log-run properties of ge-ographysical records[J].Water Resource Research:A,1969,5(2):321-340.
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