高围压下岩石卸荷的扩容性质及其本构模型研究
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摘要
通过岩石试样高围压下的卸荷试验,研究卸荷条件下岩石的扩容性质。研究结果表明:初始扩容点即最大压缩体应变对应的变形模量可作为弹性阶段的弹性模量。根据试验研究,将岩石卸荷试验应力–应变全过程曲线分为弹性、应力屈服、峰后脆性及残余理想塑性4个阶段,并根据各阶段特征得到相应段的本构方程,最后得到卸荷岩体全过程的本构模型。用数据拟合的方法,得到不同卸荷试验下模型曲线,并验证模型曲线可以较好地模拟卸荷的应力–应变曲线。
Based on the unloading test of rock specimen under high confining pressure,the dilatancy property of rock mass is studied. The study results show that the deformation modulus at initial dilatancy point where the largest compression volumetric strain can be used as elastic modulus at elastic stage. Based on the unloading test, the complete stress-strain curve for rock is composed of four phase:elasticity,unloading yield,post-peak brittleness and residual ideal plastic phases. According to the characteristics of each stage,the constitutive model for that corresponding stage can be obtained. Finally,complete constitutive model for rock mass under unloading can be established. Through data fitting method,the model curves of different unloading tests are obtained,which has been verified to well fit the experimental curves.
Based on the unloading test of rock specimen under high confining pressure,the dilatancy property of rock mass is studied. The study results show that the deformation modulus at initial dilatancy point where the largest compression volumetric strain can be used as elastic modulus at elastic stage. Based on the unloading test, the complete stress-strain curve for rock is composed of four phase:elasticity,unloading yield,post-peak brittleness and residual ideal plastic phases. According to the characteristics of each stage,the constitutive model for that corresponding stage can be obtained. Finally,complete constitutive model for rock mass under unloading can be established. Through data fitting method,the model curves of different unloading tests are obtained,which has been verified to well fit the experimental curves.
引文
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[4]周小平,哈秋聆,张永兴,等.峰前围压卸荷条件下岩石的应力–应变全过程分析和变形局部化研究[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2005,24(18):3236–3244.(ZHOU Xiaoping,HA Qiulin,ZHANG Yongxing,et al.Analysis of localization of deformation and complete stress-strain relation for mesoscopic heterogenous brittle rock materials when axial stress isheld constant while lateral confinement is reduced[J].Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,2005,24(18):3236–3244.(in Chinese))
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[7]陈宗基,石泽全,于智海,等.用8000kN多功能三轴仪测量脆性岩石的扩容、蠕变和松弛[J].岩石力学与工程学报,1989,8(2):97–118.(CHEN Zongji,SHI Zequan,YU Zhihai,et al.Dilatancy creep and relaxation of brittle rocks measured with8000kN multipurpose triaxial apparatus[J].Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,1989,8(2):97–118.(in Chinese))
[8]陈宗基.根据流变学与地球动力学观点研究新奥法[J].岩石力学与工程学报,1988,7(2):97–106.(CHEN Zongji.The NATM studied from the viewpoint of rheology and geodynamics[J].Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,1988,7(2):97–106.(in Chinese))
[9]CAI M,HORII H.A constitutive model of highly jointed rock masses[J].Mechanics of Materials.,1992,13(3):217–246.
[10]金济山.岩石扩容性质及其本构模型的研究[J].岩石力学与工程学报,1993,12(2):162–172.(JIN Jishan.Study of the dilatancy behavior of rocks and its constitutive model[J].Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,1993,12(2):162–172.(in Chinese))
[11]周小平,张永兴,哈秋聆.裂隙岩体加载和卸荷条件下应力强度因子[J].地下空间,2003,23(2):277–280.(ZHOU Xiaoping,ZHANG Yongxing,HA Qiulin.Stress intensity factor for jointed rock mass under unloading and loading[J].Underground Space,2003,23(2):277–280.(in Chinese))
[12]高春玉,徐进,何鹏,等.大理岩加、卸载力学特性的研究[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2005,24(3):456–460.(GAO Chunyu,XU Jin,HE Peng,et al.Study of mechanical properties of marble under loading and unloading conditions[J].Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,2005,24(3):456–460.(in Chinese))
[13]沈军辉,王兰生,王青海,等.卸荷岩体的变形破裂特征[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2003,22(12):2028–2031.(SHEN Junhui,WANG Lansheng,WANG Qinghai,et al.Deformation and fracture features of unloaded rock mass[J].Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,2003,22(12):2028–2031.(in Chinese))
[14]陈景涛,冯夏庭.高地应力下岩石的真三轴试验研究[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2006,25(8):1537–1543.(CHEN Jingtao,FENG Xiating.True triaxial experimental study of rock with high geostress[J].Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,2006,25(8):1537–1543.(in Chinese))
[15]中华人民共和国行业标准编写组.SL264–2001水利水电工程岩石试验规程[S].北京:中国水利水电出版社,2001.(The Professional Standards Compilation Group of People′s Republic of China.SL264–2001Specifications for rock tests in water conservancy and hydroelectric engineering[S].Beijing:China Water Power Press,2001.(in Chinese))
[2]孙学英.工程岩体卸荷模型的研究与应用[J].岩土工程技术,2001,(4):241–243.(SUN Xueying.Research on unloading model for engineering rock mass and its application[J].Geotechnical Engineering Technique,2001,(4):241–243.(in Chinese))
[3]吴刚,孙钧,吴中如.复杂应力状态下完整岩体卸荷破坏的损伤力学分析[J].河海大学学报,1997,25(3):44–49.(WU Gang,SUN Jun,WU Zhongru.Damage mechanical analysis of unloading failure of intact rock mass under complex stress state[J].Journal of Hohai University,1997,25(3):44–49.(in Chinese))
[4]周小平,哈秋聆,张永兴,等.峰前围压卸荷条件下岩石的应力–应变全过程分析和变形局部化研究[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2005,24(18):3236–3244.(ZHOU Xiaoping,HA Qiulin,ZHANG Yongxing,et al.Analysis of localization of deformation and complete stress-strain relation for mesoscopic heterogenous brittle rock materials when axial stress isheld constant while lateral confinement is reduced[J].Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,2005,24(18):3236–3244.(in Chinese))
[5]凌建明,刘尧军.卸荷条件下地下洞室围岩稳定的损伤力学分析方法[J].石家庄铁学院学报,1998,11(4):10–15.(LING Jianming,LIU Yaojun.Damage mechanical analysis method for surrounding rock of underground carven under unloading[J].Journal of Shijiazhuang Railway Institute,1998,11(4):10–15.(in Chinese))
[6]陈宗基,康文法.在岩石破坏和地震之前与时间有关的扩容[J].岩石力学与工程学报,1983,2(1):11–21.(CHEN Zongji,KANG Wenfa.Time dependent dilatancy prior to rock failure and earthquakes[J].Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,1983,2(1):11–21.(in Chinese))
[7]陈宗基,石泽全,于智海,等.用8000kN多功能三轴仪测量脆性岩石的扩容、蠕变和松弛[J].岩石力学与工程学报,1989,8(2):97–118.(CHEN Zongji,SHI Zequan,YU Zhihai,et al.Dilatancy creep and relaxation of brittle rocks measured with8000kN multipurpose triaxial apparatus[J].Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,1989,8(2):97–118.(in Chinese))
[8]陈宗基.根据流变学与地球动力学观点研究新奥法[J].岩石力学与工程学报,1988,7(2):97–106.(CHEN Zongji.The NATM studied from the viewpoint of rheology and geodynamics[J].Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,1988,7(2):97–106.(in Chinese))
[9]CAI M,HORII H.A constitutive model of highly jointed rock masses[J].Mechanics of Materials.,1992,13(3):217–246.
[10]金济山.岩石扩容性质及其本构模型的研究[J].岩石力学与工程学报,1993,12(2):162–172.(JIN Jishan.Study of the dilatancy behavior of rocks and its constitutive model[J].Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,1993,12(2):162–172.(in Chinese))
[11]周小平,张永兴,哈秋聆.裂隙岩体加载和卸荷条件下应力强度因子[J].地下空间,2003,23(2):277–280.(ZHOU Xiaoping,ZHANG Yongxing,HA Qiulin.Stress intensity factor for jointed rock mass under unloading and loading[J].Underground Space,2003,23(2):277–280.(in Chinese))
[12]高春玉,徐进,何鹏,等.大理岩加、卸载力学特性的研究[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2005,24(3):456–460.(GAO Chunyu,XU Jin,HE Peng,et al.Study of mechanical properties of marble under loading and unloading conditions[J].Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,2005,24(3):456–460.(in Chinese))
[13]沈军辉,王兰生,王青海,等.卸荷岩体的变形破裂特征[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2003,22(12):2028–2031.(SHEN Junhui,WANG Lansheng,WANG Qinghai,et al.Deformation and fracture features of unloaded rock mass[J].Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,2003,22(12):2028–2031.(in Chinese))
[14]陈景涛,冯夏庭.高地应力下岩石的真三轴试验研究[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2006,25(8):1537–1543.(CHEN Jingtao,FENG Xiating.True triaxial experimental study of rock with high geostress[J].Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,2006,25(8):1537–1543.(in Chinese))
[15]中华人民共和国行业标准编写组.SL264–2001水利水电工程岩石试验规程[S].北京:中国水利水电出版社,2001.(The Professional Standards Compilation Group of People′s Republic of China.SL264–2001Specifications for rock tests in water conservancy and hydroelectric engineering[S].Beijing:China Water Power Press,2001.(in Chinese))
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