深部高应力异常集中区冲击矿压动态防治实践
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摘要
针对采动煤岩体的应力和储能的"时-空"演化特征,以徐州三河尖煤矿深部高应力异常集中的9202工作面及其轨道巷为试验区,提出了冲击矿压的动态防治技术体系:①分析冲击危险的地质和开采因素,特别是垂直应力梯度的分布规律,进行冲击矿压危险的"时-空"预区划;②针对不同的冲击危险区,制订相应的煤岩体强度弱化参数;③利用微震、电磁辐射以及钻屑法等多参量监测手段及时检验卸压治理的效果,如果检测指标超标,则继续进行卸压解危,直至指标明显突降。防治过程始终遵循"危险监测—卸压解危—效果检验"的动态循环。这一技术目前已在我国多个高冲击危险工作面进行推广应用。
The "time-space" evolution of stress and energy accumulated in the mining coal and rock materials is dynamic,taking the deep high-stress concentration 9202 working face and its headentry as test zone,the rockburst dynamic prevention technology was put foreword,which was followed that:① Analysis on the geological and mining factors of rockburst danger,particularly the distribution law of vertical stress gradient,and the "time-space" distribution of rockburst danger was pre-zoned;② According to the different dangerous district,the appropriate design and parameters of coal and rock strength weakening was developed;③ Using the multi-parameter monitoring methods such as microseism(MS),electromagnetic emission(EME) and drilling bits,the effect of rockburst prevention was checked.If the test indexes exceeded the critical value,the relieve-shots was continued until the indexes monitored obviously dropped.Rockburst prevention process always followed the dynamic cycle of danger monitoring-relief prevention-effects check.Now,the technology was popularized and applied in many high rockburst dangerous districts in China.
The "time-space" evolution of stress and energy accumulated in the mining coal and rock materials is dynamic,taking the deep high-stress concentration 9202 working face and its headentry as test zone,the rockburst dynamic prevention technology was put foreword,which was followed that:① Analysis on the geological and mining factors of rockburst danger,particularly the distribution law of vertical stress gradient,and the "time-space" distribution of rockburst danger was pre-zoned;② According to the different dangerous district,the appropriate design and parameters of coal and rock strength weakening was developed;③ Using the multi-parameter monitoring methods such as microseism(MS),electromagnetic emission(EME) and drilling bits,the effect of rockburst prevention was checked.If the test indexes exceeded the critical value,the relieve-shots was continued until the indexes monitored obviously dropped.Rockburst prevention process always followed the dynamic cycle of danger monitoring-relief prevention-effects check.Now,the technology was popularized and applied in many high rockburst dangerous districts in China.
引文
[1]潘一山,李忠华,唐鑫.阜新矿区深部高瓦斯矿井冲击地压研究[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2005,24(S1):5 202-5 205.Pan Yishan,Li Zhonghua,Tang Xin.Research on rockburst for high-ly gassy deep mine in Fuxin coal mining area[J].Chinese Journal ofRock Mechanics and Engineering,2005,24(S1):5 202-5 205.
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[3]齐庆新,雷毅,李宏艳,等.深孔断顶爆破防治冲击地压的理论与实践[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2007,26(S1):3 522-3 527.Qi Qingxin,Lei Yi,Li Hongyan,et al.Theory and application of pre-vention of rock burst by break-tip blast in deep hole[J].ChineseJournal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,2007,26(S1):3 522-3 527.
[4]缪协兴,孙海,吴志刚.徐州东部软岩矿区冲击矿压机理分析[J].岩石力学与工程学报,1999,18(4):428-431.Miao Xiexing,Sun Hai,Wu Zhigang.Mechanism analysis of rock-burst in softrock mines in eastern of Xuzhou[J].Chinese Journal ofRock Mechanics and Engineering,1999,18(4):428-431.
[5]苏承东,李化敏.深埋高应力区巷道冲击地压预测与防治方法研究[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2008,27(S2):3 840-3 846.Su Chengdong,Li Huamin.Study on forecast and prevention methodsfor rockburst of deep roadway with high geostress[J].Chinese Jour-nal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,2008,27(S2):3 840-3 846.
[6]窦林名,陆菜平,牟宗龙,等.冲击矿压的强度弱化减冲理论及其应用[J].煤炭学报,2005,30(6):690-694.Dou Linming,Lu Caiping,Mou Zonglong,et al.Intensity weakeningtheory for rockburst and its application[J].Journal of China CoalSociety,2005,30(6):690-694.
[7]窦林名,赵从国,杨思光,等.煤矿开采冲击矿压灾害防治[M].徐州:中国矿业大学出版社,2006.
[8]徐学锋,窦林名,刘军,等.煤矿巷道底板冲击矿压发生的原因及控制研究[J].岩土力学,2010,31(6):1 977-1 982.Xu Xuefeng,Dou Linming,Liu Jun,et al.Research of reasons andcontrolling for floor burst in coal mine roadway[J].Rock and SoilMechanics,2010,31(6):1 977-1 982.
[9]潘立友,张瑞玺,霍忠峰,等.冲击地压预测与防治实用技术[M].徐州:中国矿业大学出版社,2006.
[10]姜福兴,苗小虎,王存文,等.构造控制型冲击地压的微地震监测预警研究与实践[J].煤炭学报,2010,35(6):900-903.Jiang Fuxing,Miao Xiaohu,Wang Cunwen,et al.Predicting researchand practice of tectonic-controlled coal burst by microseismic moni-toring[J].Journal of China Coal Society,2010,35(6):900-903.
[11]姜福兴,王平,冯增强,等.复合型厚煤层“震-冲”型动力灾害机理、预测与控制[J].煤炭学报,2009,34(12):1 605-1 609.Jiang Fuxing,Wang Ping,Feng Zengqiang,et al.Mechanism,pre-diction and control of“rockburst induced by shock bump”kind dy-namic accident in composite thickness coal[J].Journal of ChinaCoal Society,2009,34(12):1 605-1 609.
[12]高明仕.冲击矿压巷道围岩的强弱强结构控制机理研究[D].徐州:中国矿业大学,2006.
[13]Anders Ansell.Laboratory testing of a newtype of energy absorbingrock bolt[J].Tunnelling and Underground Space Technology,2005,20:291-300.
[14]Charlie,Chunlin Li.A new energy-absorbing bolt for rock supportin high stress rock masses[J].International Journal of Rock Me-chanics&Mining Sciences,2010,47:396-404.
[15]Bagde MN,Petros V.Fatigue properties of intact sandstone samplessubjected to dynamic uniaxial cyclical loading[J].InternationalJournal of Rock Mechanics&Mining Sciences,2005,42:237-250.
[2]姜耀东,赵毅鑫,宋彦琦,等.放炮震动诱发煤矿巷道动力失稳机理分析[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2005,24(17):3 131-3 136.Jiang Yaodong,Zhao Yixin,Song Yanqi,et al.Analysis of blastingtremor impact on roadway stability in coal mining[J].Chinese Jour-nal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,2005,24(17):3 131-3 136.
[3]齐庆新,雷毅,李宏艳,等.深孔断顶爆破防治冲击地压的理论与实践[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2007,26(S1):3 522-3 527.Qi Qingxin,Lei Yi,Li Hongyan,et al.Theory and application of pre-vention of rock burst by break-tip blast in deep hole[J].ChineseJournal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,2007,26(S1):3 522-3 527.
[4]缪协兴,孙海,吴志刚.徐州东部软岩矿区冲击矿压机理分析[J].岩石力学与工程学报,1999,18(4):428-431.Miao Xiexing,Sun Hai,Wu Zhigang.Mechanism analysis of rock-burst in softrock mines in eastern of Xuzhou[J].Chinese Journal ofRock Mechanics and Engineering,1999,18(4):428-431.
[5]苏承东,李化敏.深埋高应力区巷道冲击地压预测与防治方法研究[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2008,27(S2):3 840-3 846.Su Chengdong,Li Huamin.Study on forecast and prevention methodsfor rockburst of deep roadway with high geostress[J].Chinese Jour-nal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,2008,27(S2):3 840-3 846.
[6]窦林名,陆菜平,牟宗龙,等.冲击矿压的强度弱化减冲理论及其应用[J].煤炭学报,2005,30(6):690-694.Dou Linming,Lu Caiping,Mou Zonglong,et al.Intensity weakeningtheory for rockburst and its application[J].Journal of China CoalSociety,2005,30(6):690-694.
[7]窦林名,赵从国,杨思光,等.煤矿开采冲击矿压灾害防治[M].徐州:中国矿业大学出版社,2006.
[8]徐学锋,窦林名,刘军,等.煤矿巷道底板冲击矿压发生的原因及控制研究[J].岩土力学,2010,31(6):1 977-1 982.Xu Xuefeng,Dou Linming,Liu Jun,et al.Research of reasons andcontrolling for floor burst in coal mine roadway[J].Rock and SoilMechanics,2010,31(6):1 977-1 982.
[9]潘立友,张瑞玺,霍忠峰,等.冲击地压预测与防治实用技术[M].徐州:中国矿业大学出版社,2006.
[10]姜福兴,苗小虎,王存文,等.构造控制型冲击地压的微地震监测预警研究与实践[J].煤炭学报,2010,35(6):900-903.Jiang Fuxing,Miao Xiaohu,Wang Cunwen,et al.Predicting researchand practice of tectonic-controlled coal burst by microseismic moni-toring[J].Journal of China Coal Society,2010,35(6):900-903.
[11]姜福兴,王平,冯增强,等.复合型厚煤层“震-冲”型动力灾害机理、预测与控制[J].煤炭学报,2009,34(12):1 605-1 609.Jiang Fuxing,Wang Ping,Feng Zengqiang,et al.Mechanism,pre-diction and control of“rockburst induced by shock bump”kind dy-namic accident in composite thickness coal[J].Journal of ChinaCoal Society,2009,34(12):1 605-1 609.
[12]高明仕.冲击矿压巷道围岩的强弱强结构控制机理研究[D].徐州:中国矿业大学,2006.
[13]Anders Ansell.Laboratory testing of a newtype of energy absorbingrock bolt[J].Tunnelling and Underground Space Technology,2005,20:291-300.
[14]Charlie,Chunlin Li.A new energy-absorbing bolt for rock supportin high stress rock masses[J].International Journal of Rock Me-chanics&Mining Sciences,2010,47:396-404.
[15]Bagde MN,Petros V.Fatigue properties of intact sandstone samplessubjected to dynamic uniaxial cyclical loading[J].InternationalJournal of Rock Mechanics&Mining Sciences,2005,42:237-250.
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