利用岩石Kaiser效应对地应力的测试实验
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摘要
介绍了利用岩石声发射Kaiser效应测试地应力的原理、方法以及测试技术,根据弹性力学理论推导出岩体测点处地应力方程。按6个特殊方向对所取岩样进行制取,并对岩样进行声发射测试,由此结果计算出单向正应力值和3个主应力的大小及方向。其实验研究结果可为工程提供借鉴和参考。
The principle,method and techniques of Kaiser effect to measure initial stresses in rock are described.According to the elastic mechanics theory,the basic equation of ground stress at rock measuring point is derived.Through preparing samples on 6 special directions and experiment to observe acoustic emission,the unilateral plus stress values on each direction and their azimuth angles and obliquities of three principal stress directions are obtained.The results of the experiment are of reference for engineering project.
The principle,method and techniques of Kaiser effect to measure initial stresses in rock are described.According to the elastic mechanics theory,the basic equation of ground stress at rock measuring point is derived.Through preparing samples on 6 special directions and experiment to observe acoustic emission,the unilateral plus stress values on each direction and their azimuth angles and obliquities of three principal stress directions are obtained.The results of the experiment are of reference for engineering project.
引文
[1]姜永东,鲜学福,许江.岩石声发射Kaiser效应应用于地应力测试的研究[J].岩土力学,2005,26(6):946-950.JIANG Yong-dong,XIAN Xue-fu,XU Jiang.Research on application of Kaiser effect of acoustic emission to measuring initialstress in rock mass[J].Rock and Soil Mechanics,2005,26(6):946-950.
[2]蔡美峰,乔兰.地应力测量原理和技术[M].北京:科学出版社,1995.CAI Mei-feng,QIAO Lan.The theory and techniques of crustal stress measurement[M].Beijing:Science Press,1995.
[3]李通林,谭学术.矿山岩石力学[M].重庆:重庆大学出版社,l991.LI Tong-lin,TAN Xue-shu.Mine Rock Mechanics[M].Chongqing:Chongqing University Press.1991.
[4]秦四清,李造鼎,张倬元,等.岩石声发射技术概论[M].成都:西南交通大学出版社,1993.QIN Si-qing,LI Zao-ding,ZHANG Zhuo-yuan,et al.An introduction to acoustic emission techniques of rocks[M].Chengdu:Southwest Jiaotong University Press,1993.
[5]陈宏德.利用岩石声发射活动性的应力履历效应估计地壳应力[J].地震,1984,(2):50-55.CHEN Hong-de.Using stress effect of acoustic emission movability of rock estimating crustal stress[J].Earth Quake,1984,(2):50-55.
[6]李元辉,袁瑞甫,张春明,等.Kaiser效应测原岩应力过程的数值模拟和理论分析[J].中国有色金属学报,2007,17(5):836-840.LI Yuan-hui,YUANRui-fu,ZHANG Chun-ming,et al.Numerical simulation and theoretical analysis on procedure of esitmait-ing in-situ stress by Kaiser effect[J].Chinese Journal of Nonferrous Metals,2007,17(5):836-840.
[7]翟小洁,傅荣华,张兵.利用Kaiser效应测试地应力的实验研究[J].四川地震,2008,(1):18-21.ZHAI Xiao-jie,FURong-hua,ZHANG Bing.Using Kaiser effect to measure initial stress in rock[J].Earth Quake Research inSichuan,2008,(1):18-21.
[8]陈强,朱宝龙,胡厚田.岩石Kaiser效应测定地应力场的试验研究[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2006,25(7):1 370.CHEN Qiang,ZHUBao-long,HUHou-tian.Experim ental research on measurement of in-situ stress fild by Kaiser effect[J].Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,2006,25(7):1 370.
[9]付小敏.典型岩石单轴压缩变形及声发射特性试验研究[J].成都理工大学学报(自然科学版),2005,32(1):17-21.FU Xiao-min.Experimental study on uniaxial compression deformation and acoustic emission proerty of typical rocks[J].Journal of Chengdu University of Technology(Natural Science Edition),2005,32(1):17-21.
[2]蔡美峰,乔兰.地应力测量原理和技术[M].北京:科学出版社,1995.CAI Mei-feng,QIAO Lan.The theory and techniques of crustal stress measurement[M].Beijing:Science Press,1995.
[3]李通林,谭学术.矿山岩石力学[M].重庆:重庆大学出版社,l991.LI Tong-lin,TAN Xue-shu.Mine Rock Mechanics[M].Chongqing:Chongqing University Press.1991.
[4]秦四清,李造鼎,张倬元,等.岩石声发射技术概论[M].成都:西南交通大学出版社,1993.QIN Si-qing,LI Zao-ding,ZHANG Zhuo-yuan,et al.An introduction to acoustic emission techniques of rocks[M].Chengdu:Southwest Jiaotong University Press,1993.
[5]陈宏德.利用岩石声发射活动性的应力履历效应估计地壳应力[J].地震,1984,(2):50-55.CHEN Hong-de.Using stress effect of acoustic emission movability of rock estimating crustal stress[J].Earth Quake,1984,(2):50-55.
[6]李元辉,袁瑞甫,张春明,等.Kaiser效应测原岩应力过程的数值模拟和理论分析[J].中国有色金属学报,2007,17(5):836-840.LI Yuan-hui,YUANRui-fu,ZHANG Chun-ming,et al.Numerical simulation and theoretical analysis on procedure of esitmait-ing in-situ stress by Kaiser effect[J].Chinese Journal of Nonferrous Metals,2007,17(5):836-840.
[7]翟小洁,傅荣华,张兵.利用Kaiser效应测试地应力的实验研究[J].四川地震,2008,(1):18-21.ZHAI Xiao-jie,FURong-hua,ZHANG Bing.Using Kaiser effect to measure initial stress in rock[J].Earth Quake Research inSichuan,2008,(1):18-21.
[8]陈强,朱宝龙,胡厚田.岩石Kaiser效应测定地应力场的试验研究[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2006,25(7):1 370.CHEN Qiang,ZHUBao-long,HUHou-tian.Experim ental research on measurement of in-situ stress fild by Kaiser effect[J].Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,2006,25(7):1 370.
[9]付小敏.典型岩石单轴压缩变形及声发射特性试验研究[J].成都理工大学学报(自然科学版),2005,32(1):17-21.FU Xiao-min.Experimental study on uniaxial compression deformation and acoustic emission proerty of typical rocks[J].Journal of Chengdu University of Technology(Natural Science Edition),2005,32(1):17-21.
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