地震采集技术在油田开发中的应用及相关问题探讨
|
摘要
随着老油区勘探开发的深入,勘探开发的难度越来越大.辽河油区的特点是储集体主要为陆相复杂小断块和复杂隐蔽岩性圈闭.目前开发面临的难点表现在四个方面:深、隐、低、小."深"是指勘探目标埋深不断加大;"隐"是指勘探对象的隐蔽性不断增加;"低"是指低渗透、特低渗透油气藏所占的比例不断上升;"小"是指勘探对象的单元储量规模越来越小.从目前国内外地震技术的应用现状来看,要解决上述问题有以下两种有效途径:一是高密度地震勘探技术,二是开发地震技术,主要包括井间地震、多分量地震、VSP测井和四维地震技术.本文介绍了辽河探区近年来地震技术在油田开发中的应用,并对辽河探区下步针对油田开发的地震技术发展思路进行了分析.
With deep exploration and development in old oilfields, it is more and more difficult to explore and develope the hydrocarbon resources, which becomes an obvious characteristic of the Liaohe oilfield that terraneous complex small faultages and secluded lithology traps are its main reservoirs.At present, the difficulties faced by oilfield development are deep, hidden, low, small, which means exploration layer is deeper, exploration target is more hidden, the proportion of low permeability and ultra-low permeability reservoir are more, and the scale of each exploration target is getting smaller and smaller.Based on current domestic and international seismic technology status, there are two effective ways to solve these problems: one is high-density seismic exploration technology, the other is to develop seismic technology, which includes cross-hole seismic, multi-component seismic, VSP logging and four-dimensional seismic technology.This article describes some recent applications of seismic technology to oilfield development.Meanwhile, it analyses the idea of developing seismic technology for oilfields in the Liaohe exploration region in the future.
With deep exploration and development in old oilfields, it is more and more difficult to explore and develope the hydrocarbon resources, which becomes an obvious characteristic of the Liaohe oilfield that terraneous complex small faultages and secluded lithology traps are its main reservoirs.At present, the difficulties faced by oilfield development are deep, hidden, low, small, which means exploration layer is deeper, exploration target is more hidden, the proportion of low permeability and ultra-low permeability reservoir are more, and the scale of each exploration target is getting smaller and smaller.Based on current domestic and international seismic technology status, there are two effective ways to solve these problems: one is high-density seismic exploration technology, the other is to develop seismic technology, which includes cross-hole seismic, multi-component seismic, VSP logging and four-dimensional seismic technology.This article describes some recent applications of seismic technology to oilfield development.Meanwhile, it analyses the idea of developing seismic technology for oilfields in the Liaohe exploration region in the future.
引文
[1] 张向林,陶果,刘新茹.油气地球物理勘探技术进展[J].地球物理学进展,2006,21(1) :143～151． Zhang X L,Tao G,Liu X R.Progress in oil geophysical exploration[J].Progress in Geophysics(in Chinese),2006,21(1) :143～151．
[2] 陈同俊,崔若飞,郎玉泉,钱进.煤田采区三维地震精细构造解释方法[J].地球物理学进展,2007,22(2) :573～578． Chen T J,Cui R F,Lang Y Q,Qian J.Detail structural interpretation methods of coal 3-D seismic[J].Progress in Geophysics(in Chinese),2007,22(2) :573～578．
[3] 陈生昌,马在田.波动方程偏移成像阴影的照明补偿.地球物理学报,2007,50(3) :844～850． Chen S C,Ma Z T.Illumination compensation for wave equation migration shadow.Chinese J.Geophys.(in Chinese),2007,50(3) :844～850．
[4] 路鹏飞,杨长春,等.频谱成像技术研究进展[J].地球物理学进展,2007,22(5) :1517～1521． Lu P F,Yang C C,et al.The present research on frequency spectrum imaging technique[J].Progress in Geophysics(in Chinese),2007,22(5) :1517～1521．
[5] 李敏锋,刘学伟,童庆佳,白杰.单相介质AVO反演的精度分析[J].地球物理学进展,2007,22(2) :567～572． Li M F,Liu X W,Tong Q J,Bai J.The Precision analyses of AVO inversion in one-phase medium[J].Progress in Geophysics(in Chinese),2007,22(2) :567～572．
[6] 袁江华,王秀闽,张致付,杨孔庆,刘洪,李幼铭.地震偏移成像不确定性分析初探[J].地球物理学进展,2007,22(3) :790～796． Yuan J H,Wang X M,Zhang Z F,Yang K Q,Liu H,Li Y M.An attempt to the analysis of uncertainty in seismic migration imaging[J].Progress in Geophysics(in Chinese),2007,22(3) :790～796．
[7] 谭茂金,石耀霖,王晓杰.多物理场测井数据联合反演研究进展[J].地球物理学进展,2008,23(5) :1520～1555． Tan M J,Shi Y L,Wang X J.Progress in joint inversion of well logging data of multi-physics fields[J].Progress in Geophysics(in Chinese),2008,23(5) :1520～1525．
[8] 韩晓丽,秦宏国,杨长春.华北地区低信噪比资料连片叠前时间偏移成像策略[J].地球物理学进展,2008,23(3) :774～784． Han X L,Qin H G,Yang C C.Pieces-linked pre-stack time migration strategies of low S/N ratio seismic data in North China[J].Progress in Geophysics(in Chinese),2008,23(3) :774～784．
[9] 李信富,张美根.显式分形插值在有限元叠前逆时偏移成像中的应用[J].地球物理学进展,2008,23(5) :1406～1411． Li X F,Zhang M G.Application of explicit fractal interpolation in pre-stack finite element reverse-time migration[J].Progress in Geophysics(in Chinese),2008,23(5) :1406～1411．
[10] 严建文,方伍宝,曹辉,等.井间地震数据的波动方程偏移成像[J].地球物理学报,2008,51(3) :908～914． Yan J W,Fang W B,Cao H,et al.Wave equation migration imaging of cross-well seismic data[J].Chinese J.Geophys.(in Chinese),2008,51(3) :908～914．
[11] 丁仁伟,李振春,孙小东,仝兆岐.叠前逆时深度偏移中的激发时间成像条件[J].地球物理学进展,2008,23(6) :1859～1865． Ding R W,Li Z C,Sun X D,Tong Z Q.Prestack reverse time depth migration and the imaging condition[J].Progress in Geophysics(in Chinese),2008,23(6) :1859～1865．
[12] 袁三一,陈小宏.一种新的地震子波提取与层速度反演方法[J].地球物理学进展,2008,23(1) :198～205． Yuan S Y,Chen X H.A new method for seismic wavelet extraction and interval velocity inversion[J].Progress in Geophysics(in Chinese),2008,23(1) :198～205．
[13] 路鹏飞,杨长春,郭爱华,王真理,刘鹏.改进的模拟退火算法及其在叠前储层参数反演中的应用[J].地球物理学进展,2008,23(1) :104～109． Lu P F,Yang C C,Guo A H,Wang Z L,Liu P.Modified simulated annealing algorithm and its applicationin pre stack inversion of reservoir parameters[J].Progress in Geophysics(in Chinese),2008,23(1) :104～109．
[14] 冯伟,吴如山,马在田.单向传播子的局部平面波分解以及在定向照明分析和目标特征成像中的应用[J].地球物理学进展,2007,22(1) :171～178． Feng W,Wu R S,Ma Z T.Local plane wave decomposition of one-way propagator and the applications to directional illumination analysis and target-structure oriented imaging[J].Progress in Geophysics(in Chinese),2007,22(1) :171～178．
[15] 冯伟,吴如山,王华忠,等.面向目标的小束源照明和成像[J].地球物理学进展,2006,21(3) :802～808． Feng W,Wu R S,Wang H Z,et al.Target-oriented beam source illumination and imaging[J].Progress in Geophysics(in Chinese),2006,21(3) :802～808．
[2] 陈同俊,崔若飞,郎玉泉,钱进.煤田采区三维地震精细构造解释方法[J].地球物理学进展,2007,22(2) :573～578． Chen T J,Cui R F,Lang Y Q,Qian J.Detail structural interpretation methods of coal 3-D seismic[J].Progress in Geophysics(in Chinese),2007,22(2) :573～578．
[3] 陈生昌,马在田.波动方程偏移成像阴影的照明补偿.地球物理学报,2007,50(3) :844～850． Chen S C,Ma Z T.Illumination compensation for wave equation migration shadow.Chinese J.Geophys.(in Chinese),2007,50(3) :844～850．
[4] 路鹏飞,杨长春,等.频谱成像技术研究进展[J].地球物理学进展,2007,22(5) :1517～1521． Lu P F,Yang C C,et al.The present research on frequency spectrum imaging technique[J].Progress in Geophysics(in Chinese),2007,22(5) :1517～1521．
[5] 李敏锋,刘学伟,童庆佳,白杰.单相介质AVO反演的精度分析[J].地球物理学进展,2007,22(2) :567～572． Li M F,Liu X W,Tong Q J,Bai J.The Precision analyses of AVO inversion in one-phase medium[J].Progress in Geophysics(in Chinese),2007,22(2) :567～572．
[6] 袁江华,王秀闽,张致付,杨孔庆,刘洪,李幼铭.地震偏移成像不确定性分析初探[J].地球物理学进展,2007,22(3) :790～796． Yuan J H,Wang X M,Zhang Z F,Yang K Q,Liu H,Li Y M.An attempt to the analysis of uncertainty in seismic migration imaging[J].Progress in Geophysics(in Chinese),2007,22(3) :790～796．
[7] 谭茂金,石耀霖,王晓杰.多物理场测井数据联合反演研究进展[J].地球物理学进展,2008,23(5) :1520～1555． Tan M J,Shi Y L,Wang X J.Progress in joint inversion of well logging data of multi-physics fields[J].Progress in Geophysics(in Chinese),2008,23(5) :1520～1525．
[8] 韩晓丽,秦宏国,杨长春.华北地区低信噪比资料连片叠前时间偏移成像策略[J].地球物理学进展,2008,23(3) :774～784． Han X L,Qin H G,Yang C C.Pieces-linked pre-stack time migration strategies of low S/N ratio seismic data in North China[J].Progress in Geophysics(in Chinese),2008,23(3) :774～784．
[9] 李信富,张美根.显式分形插值在有限元叠前逆时偏移成像中的应用[J].地球物理学进展,2008,23(5) :1406～1411． Li X F,Zhang M G.Application of explicit fractal interpolation in pre-stack finite element reverse-time migration[J].Progress in Geophysics(in Chinese),2008,23(5) :1406～1411．
[10] 严建文,方伍宝,曹辉,等.井间地震数据的波动方程偏移成像[J].地球物理学报,2008,51(3) :908～914． Yan J W,Fang W B,Cao H,et al.Wave equation migration imaging of cross-well seismic data[J].Chinese J.Geophys.(in Chinese),2008,51(3) :908～914．
[11] 丁仁伟,李振春,孙小东,仝兆岐.叠前逆时深度偏移中的激发时间成像条件[J].地球物理学进展,2008,23(6) :1859～1865． Ding R W,Li Z C,Sun X D,Tong Z Q.Prestack reverse time depth migration and the imaging condition[J].Progress in Geophysics(in Chinese),2008,23(6) :1859～1865．
[12] 袁三一,陈小宏.一种新的地震子波提取与层速度反演方法[J].地球物理学进展,2008,23(1) :198～205． Yuan S Y,Chen X H.A new method for seismic wavelet extraction and interval velocity inversion[J].Progress in Geophysics(in Chinese),2008,23(1) :198～205．
[13] 路鹏飞,杨长春,郭爱华,王真理,刘鹏.改进的模拟退火算法及其在叠前储层参数反演中的应用[J].地球物理学进展,2008,23(1) :104～109． Lu P F,Yang C C,Guo A H,Wang Z L,Liu P.Modified simulated annealing algorithm and its applicationin pre stack inversion of reservoir parameters[J].Progress in Geophysics(in Chinese),2008,23(1) :104～109．
[14] 冯伟,吴如山,马在田.单向传播子的局部平面波分解以及在定向照明分析和目标特征成像中的应用[J].地球物理学进展,2007,22(1) :171～178． Feng W,Wu R S,Ma Z T.Local plane wave decomposition of one-way propagator and the applications to directional illumination analysis and target-structure oriented imaging[J].Progress in Geophysics(in Chinese),2007,22(1) :171～178．
[15] 冯伟,吴如山,王华忠,等.面向目标的小束源照明和成像[J].地球物理学进展,2006,21(3) :802～808． Feng W,Wu R S,Wang H Z,et al.Target-oriented beam source illumination and imaging[J].Progress in Geophysics(in Chinese),2006,21(3) :802～808．
版权所有：© 2023 中国地质图书馆 中国地质调查局地学文献中心