基于3S的三维可视化防汛减灾指挥系统
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摘要
为有效应对洪涝灾害,建立了基于3S的三维可视化防汛减灾指挥系统.首先,对建立该系统进行了需求分析,阐述了系统的工作流程;然后,利用3S技术在流域或区域水资源信息的实时采集、传输及管理方面的应用,结合三维可视化技术在洪水预报、洪水演进及水域动态等进行实时监控、指挥调度和远程控制等方面的应用,分析了系统的功能结构,并对实现该系统的关键技术进行了探讨;最后,以大汶河流域为例,阐述了系统的功能实现.结果表明:该系统可实现实时水雨情监视、信息检索与分析、汛前预测、汛后救灾及灾情评估等工作,为工程管理、防洪除涝的科学决策提供有力依据.
Making good preparations against flooding and water-logging disasters,3D visualization command systems should be established based on 3S.First,the demand of the system is analysed,and the work flow of it is described,and then,real-time collection and transmission of information and management of 3S technology are performed for watershed or regional water resources.Meanwhile,combining with the 3D visualization technology,the function structure of the system is analyzed,and the key technologies to achieve the system are discussed.Finally,taking Dawen river valley as an example,the realized function of the system is described.The results show that the system can realize real time monitoring of water rainfall situation,information retrieval and analysis,pre-flood forecasting,post-flood disaster relief and damage assessment,which can provide a strong basis for scientific decision of project management,flood control and waterlogging elimination.
Making good preparations against flooding and water-logging disasters,3D visualization command systems should be established based on 3S.First,the demand of the system is analysed,and the work flow of it is described,and then,real-time collection and transmission of information and management of 3S technology are performed for watershed or regional water resources.Meanwhile,combining with the 3D visualization technology,the function structure of the system is analyzed,and the key technologies to achieve the system are discussed.Finally,taking Dawen river valley as an example,the realized function of the system is described.The results show that the system can realize real time monitoring of water rainfall situation,information retrieval and analysis,pre-flood forecasting,post-flood disaster relief and damage assessment,which can provide a strong basis for scientific decision of project management,flood control and waterlogging elimination.
引文
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[3]王仁礼,陈波,杨阳,等.3S技术在数字水利中的应用[J].测绘科学,2008,33(3):210-212.(WANG Ren-li,CHENBo,YANG Yang,et al.Application of3S technology to digital water conservancy[J].Science of Surveying and Mapping,2008,33(3):210-212.(in Chinese))
[4]冶运涛,王兴奎,赵刚,等.洞庭湖防洪预警三维虚拟仿真系统平台研究[J].系统仿真学报,2009,21(17):5323-5329.(YE Yun-tao,WANG Xing-kui,ZHAO Gang,et al.3-D simulation system platform for flood warning of Dongting Lake[J].Journal of System Simulation,2009,21(17):5323-5329.(in Chinese))
[5]王英禄,范光亚,徐海丰.水利工程信息化技术在曹娥江大闸的应用[J].水利水运工程学报,2009(1):85-90.(WANG Ying-lu,FANGuang-ya,XUHai-feng.Application of hydro project information technology in Cao′e River sluice project[J].Journal of Hydro-Science and Engineering,2009(1):85-90.(in Chinese))
[6]马辉,许志辉,马浩录.黄河下游洪水卫星遥感监测方法研究与应用[J].人民黄河,2009,31(1):107-109.(MA Hui,XU Zhi-hui,MA Hao-lu.Research and application of remote sensing-based detection methods in the lower Yellow River[J].Yellow River,2009,31(1):107-109.(in Chinese))
[7]马福恒,向衍,吴中如.基于WebGIS技术的病险水库灾情动态评估系统架构[J].水利水运工程学报,2007(1):27-30.(MAFu-heng,XIANG Yan,WUZhong-ru.Framework of dynamic disaster appraisal system for defective reservoirs based onweb GIS technique[J].Hydro-Science and Engineering,2007(1):27-30.(in Chinese))
[8]张成海,牛雪峰,于小平.DLG数据转换方法研究[J].测绘通报,2009(2):36-38.(ZHANG Cheng-hai,NIU Xue-feng,YU Xiao-ping.Research on DLG data transformation method[J].Bulletin of Surveying and Mapping,2009(2):36-38.(inChinese))
[9]余建军,蔡以雷,洪景峰.一种利用数字线划图快速生产数字栅格地图的方法[J].测绘通报,2009(7):51-54.(YUJian-jun,CAI Yi-lei,HONG Jing-feng.A way of fast production of digital raster graphics based on digital line graph[J].Bulletin of Surveying and Mapping,2009(7):51-54.(in Chinese))
[10]王兴国.数字正射影像图(DOM)的制作与质量控制[J].地矿测绘,2009,25(2):17-20.(WANG Xing-guo.Factureand quality control of DOM[J].Surveying and Mapping of Geology and Mineral Resources,2009,25(2):17-20.(inChinese))
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