围岩破坏特征与地应力方向关系研究
|
摘要
结合实际工程需要,建立片帮分级标准,在此基础上提出由片帮发育部位和发育程度推测主应力方向的相关方法;同时,结合室内试验、切片扫描等手段,深入研究片帮面上拉张裂纹的成因机制,给出由拉张裂纹延伸方向确定初始地应力方向的方法。最后以我国西南一水电工程为例,基于坝址区片帮和拉张裂纹的调研结果,推测坝址区大主应力方向及其变化规律,对地应力测试工作形成有效补充,为后期工程设计提供支撑。
Considering practical engineering needs,the classification standard of spalling is established;and a related method for speculating the principal stress direction by the development position and development degree of spalling is proposed. Meanwhile,combining laboratory tests,biopsy scanning and other means,the generated mechanism of tensile crack on spalling face is deeply studied;and a related method for determining initial geostress directions by extended direction of tensile crack is also given. Finally,taking a hydropower project in southwest China for example,on the basis of the investigate and research results of spalling and tensile crack at dam site,principal stress direction and its variations are speculated,which forms the effective complement to geostress test and provides strong support for the later engineering designs.
Considering practical engineering needs,the classification standard of spalling is established;and a related method for speculating the principal stress direction by the development position and development degree of spalling is proposed. Meanwhile,combining laboratory tests,biopsy scanning and other means,the generated mechanism of tensile crack on spalling face is deeply studied;and a related method for determining initial geostress directions by extended direction of tensile crack is also given. Finally,taking a hydropower project in southwest China for example,on the basis of the investigate and research results of spalling and tensile crack at dam site,principal stress direction and its variations are speculated,which forms the effective complement to geostress test and provides strong support for the later engineering designs.
引文
[1]中华人民共和国行业标准编写组.SL264–2001水利水电工程岩石试验规程[S].北京:中国水利水电出版社,2001.(The Professional Standards Complication Group of People′s Republic of China.SL264–2001Specifications for rock tests in water conservancy and hydroelectric engineering[S].Beijing:China Water Power Press,2001.(in Chinese))
[2]刘允芳.岩体地应力与工程建设[M].武汉:湖北科学技术出版社,2000.(LIU Yunfang.Geostress of rock mass and engineering construction[M].Wuhan:Hubei Science and Technology Press,2000.(in Chinese))
[3]BARTON C A,ZOBACK M D.Stress perturbations associated with active faults penetrated by boreholes:possible evidence for near-complete stress drop and a new technique for stress magnitude measurement[J].Journal of Geophysics Research,1994,99(B5):9373–9390.
[4]HAIMSON B C,CORNET F H.ISRM suggested methods for rock stress estimation,part III:Hydraulic fracturing methods[J].International Journal of Rock Mechanics and Mining Sciences,2003,40(7/8):1011–1020.
[5]CORNET F H,DOAN M L,FONTBONNE F.Electrical imaging and hydraulic testing for a complete stress determination[J].International Journal of Rock Mechanics and Mining Sciences,2003,40(7–8):1225–1241.
[6]WILEVEAU Y,CORNET F H,DESROCHES J,et al.Complete in situ stress determination in an argillite sedimentary formation[J].Physics and Chemistry of the Earth,2007,32(8–14):866–878.
[7]肖明.三维初始应力场反演与应力函数拟合[J].岩石力学与工程学报,1989,8(4):337–345.(XIAO Ming.Back analysis of three-dimensional initial geostress field and its stress function fitting[J].Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,1989,8(4):337–345.(in Chinese))
[8]肖明,刘志明.锦屏二级水电站三维地应力场反演回归分析[J].人民长江,2000,31(9):42–44.(XIAO Ming,LIU Zhiming.Back regression analysis of three-dimensional geostress field of Jinping II hydropower station[J].Yangtze River,2000,31(9):42–44.(in Chinese))
[9]杨林德.初始地应力与围岩时间效应性态参数黏弹性反演计算的边界单元法[J].地下空间,1990,10(2):96–102.(YANG Linde.Using boundary element method to back analyze the initial geostress and timely and sticky rock mass parameters[J].Underground Space,1990,10(2):96–102.(in Chinese))
[10]李守巨,刘迎曦,王登刚.基于遗传算法的岩体初始应力场反演[J].煤炭学报,2001,26(1):13–17.(LI Shouju,LIU Yingxi,WANG Denggang.Inversion procedure of initial stress fields in rock masses based on genetic algorithm[J].Journal of China Coal Society,2001,26(1):13–17.(in Chinese))
[11]梅松华,盛谦,冯夏庭,等.龙滩水电站左岸地下厂房区三维地应力场反演分析[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2004,23(23):4006–4011.(MEI Songhua,SHENG Qian,FENG Xiating,et al.Back analysis of3D in situ stress field of underground power house area of Longtan hydropower station[J].Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,2004,23(23):4006–4011.(in Chinese))
[12]胡斌,冯夏庭,黄小华,等.龙滩水电站左岸高边坡区初始地应力场反演回归分析[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2005,24(22):4055–4064.(HU Bin,FENG Xiating,HUANG Xiaohua,et al.Regression analysis of initial geostress field for left bank high slope region at Longtan hydropower station[J].Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,2005,24(22):4055–4064.(in Chinese))
[13]金长宇,马震岳,张运良,等.神经网络在岩体力学参数和地应力场反演中的应用[J].岩土力学,2006,27(8):1263–1266.(JIN Changyu,MA Zhenyue,ZHANG Yunliang,et al.Application of neural network to back analysis of mechanical parameters and initial stress field of rock masses[J].Rock and Soil Mechanics,2006,27(8):1263–1266.(in Chinese))
[14]余卫平,杨健,汪小刚,等.峡谷地区大型地下洞室群岩体初始地应力场反演分析[J].水文地质工程地质,2007,(2):20–24.(YU Weiping,YANG Jian,WANG Xiaogang,et al.Back analysis of initial geostress of underground tunnels in sharp valley[J].Hydrogeology and Engineering Geology,2007,(2):20–24.(in Chinese))
[15]李渝生,王士天.中国西南地区挽近期地壳构造应力场的演化历史及成因机制[J].地质灾害与环境保护,2003,13(1):9–12.(LI Yusheng,WANG Shitian.The evolution and genetic mechanism of crust tectonic stress field since late Cenozoic in southwest China[J].Journal of Geological Hazards and Environment Preservation,2003,13(1):9–12.(in Chinese))
[16]王凯英,马瑾,顾国华,等.1996年川滇地区发生的一次应力转向事件[J].地学前缘,2003,10(特刊):233–239.(WANG Kaiying,MA Jin,GU Guohua,et al.Rotation of stress axis in Sichuan—Yunnan region in1996[J].Earth Science Frontiers,2003,10(Special):233–239.(in Chinese))
[17]钟继茂,程万正.由多个地震震源机制解求川滇地区平均应力场方向[J].地震学报,2006,28(4):337–346.(ZHONG Jimao,CHENG Wanzheng.Determination of directions of the mean stress field in Sichuan—Yunnan region from a number of focal mechanism solutions[J].Acta Seismologica Sinica,2006,28(4):337–346.(in Chinese))
[18]朱焕春,赵海斌.河谷地应力场的数值模拟[J].水利学报,1995,(5):29–36.(ZHU Huanchun,ZHAO Haibin.Numerical simulation for rock stress field in a valley[J].Journal of Hydraulic Engineering,1995,(5):29–36.(in Chinese))
[19]朱焕春,李浩.论岩体构造应力[J].水利学报,2001,(9):81–85.(ZHU Huanchun,LI Hao.On tectonic stress in rock mass[J].Journal of Hydraulic Engineering,2001,(9):81–85.(in Chinese))
[20]黄润秋,王贤能,唐胜传,等.深埋长隧道工程开挖的主要地质灾害问题研究[J].地质灾害与环境保护,1997,8(1):50–68.(HUANG Runqiu,WANG Xianneng,TANG Shengchuan,et al.Research on the main geological hazards of deep buried long tunnel[J].Journal of Geological Hazards and Environment Preservation,1997,8(1):50–68.(in Chinese))
[21]李攀峰,张倬元,刘宏,等.某水电站地下厂房硐室群岩爆预测与防治研究[J].中国地质灾害与防治学报,2004,15(2):39–43.(LI Panfeng,ZHANG Zhuoyuan,LIU Hong,et al.Study of rock burst prediction and prevention for underground of a hydroelectric station Caverns[J].The Chinese Journal of Geological Hazard and Control,2004,15(2):39–43.(in Chinese))
[22]谷明成,何发亮,陈成宗.秦岭隧道岩爆的研究[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2002,21(9):1324–1329.(GU Mingcheng,HE Faliang,CHEN Chengzong.Study of rock burst in Qingling tunnel[J].Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,2002,21(9):1324–1329.(in Chinese))
[23]吕庆,孙红月,尚岳全,等.深埋特长公路隧道岩爆预测综合研究[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2005,24(16):2982–2988.(LU Qing,SUN Hongyue,SHANG Yuequan,et al.Comprehensive study of prediction of rock burst in deep and over length highway tunnel[J].Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,2005,24(16):2982–2988.(in Chinese))
[24]李树森,聂德新,任光明.岩芯饼裂机制及其对工程地质特性影响的分析[J].地球科学进展,2004,19(增):376–379.(LI Shusen,NIE Dexin,REN Guangming.The fracture mechanism of discal drill core and its influence on characteristic of engineering geology[J].Advances in Earth Sciences,2004,19(Supp.):376–379.(in Chinese))
[25]缪晓军,吴继敏,李景波.圆形洞室岩爆成因分析及其地质灾害研究[J].河海大学学报(自然科学版),2002,30(5):37–40.(MIAO Xiaojun,WU Jimin,LI Jingbo.Causes of rock burst in circular chambers and its geological disaster analysis[J].Journal of Hohai University(Natural Science),2002,30(5):37–40.(in Chinese))
[26]刘允芳,肖本职.西部地区地震活动与地应力研究[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2005,24(24):4502–4508.(LIU Yunfang,XIAO Benzhi.Study of seismic activity and geostress in west China[J].Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,2005,24(24):4502–4508.(in Chinese))
[27]徐林生,唐伯明,慕长春,等.高地应力与岩爆有关问题的研究现状[J].公路交通技术,2002,(4):48–51.(XU Linsheng,TANG Boming,MU Changchun,et al.Current research situation of high ground stress and rock blasting[J].Technology of Highway and Transport,2002,(4):48–51.(in Chinese))
[28]何思为,向贤礼,卢世杰.高应力区应力与岩爆的关系[J].广东工业大学学报,2002,19(3):1–6.(HE Siwei,XIANG Xianli,LU Shijie.Relationship between the stress and rock burst in highly stressed zone[J].Journal of Guangdong University of Technology,2002,19(3):1–6.(in Chinese))
[29]赵自强,王学潮,随裕红.南水北调西线工程深埋隧洞岩爆与地应力研究[J].华北水利水电学院学报,2002,23(1):48–50.(ZHAO Ziqiang,WANG Xuechao,SUI Yuhong.The deep tunnel rock blasting and crustal stress research on west route project of water transfer from south to north[J].Journal of North China Institute of Water Conservancy and Hydroelectric Power,2002,23(1):48–50.(in Chinese))
[30]徐则民,黄润秋,陈颖辉,等.河谷应力集中及岩体响应[J].工程勘察,2003,(1):4–7.(XU Zeming,HUANG Runqiu,CHEN Yinghui,et al.Stress concentration caused by river valleys and the response of rock mass[J].Geotechnical Investigation and Surveying,2003,(1):4–7.(in Chinese))
[31]王广德,石豫川,葛华,等.岩爆与围岩分类[J].工程地质学报,2006,14(1):83–89.(WANG Guangde,SHI Yuchuan,GE Hua,et al.Rock burst and classification of surrounding rock masses[J].Journal of Engineering Geology,2006,14(1):83–89.(in Chinese))
[32]许东俊,章光,李廷芥,等.岩爆应力状态研究[J].岩石力学与工程学报:2000,19(2):169–172.(XU Dongjun,ZHANG Guang,LI Tingjie,et al.Study of the stress state in rock burst[J].Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,2000,19(2):169–172.(in Chinese))
[33]汪波,何川,吴德兴,等.基于岩爆破坏形迹修正隧道区地应力及岩爆预测的研究[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2007,26(4):811–817.(WANG Bo,HE Chuan,WU Dexing,et al.Study of modification of geostress and forecast of rock burst based on destructive size of rock burst[J].Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,2007,26(4):811–817.(in Chinese))
[2]刘允芳.岩体地应力与工程建设[M].武汉:湖北科学技术出版社,2000.(LIU Yunfang.Geostress of rock mass and engineering construction[M].Wuhan:Hubei Science and Technology Press,2000.(in Chinese))
[3]BARTON C A,ZOBACK M D.Stress perturbations associated with active faults penetrated by boreholes:possible evidence for near-complete stress drop and a new technique for stress magnitude measurement[J].Journal of Geophysics Research,1994,99(B5):9373–9390.
[4]HAIMSON B C,CORNET F H.ISRM suggested methods for rock stress estimation,part III:Hydraulic fracturing methods[J].International Journal of Rock Mechanics and Mining Sciences,2003,40(7/8):1011–1020.
[5]CORNET F H,DOAN M L,FONTBONNE F.Electrical imaging and hydraulic testing for a complete stress determination[J].International Journal of Rock Mechanics and Mining Sciences,2003,40(7–8):1225–1241.
[6]WILEVEAU Y,CORNET F H,DESROCHES J,et al.Complete in situ stress determination in an argillite sedimentary formation[J].Physics and Chemistry of the Earth,2007,32(8–14):866–878.
[7]肖明.三维初始应力场反演与应力函数拟合[J].岩石力学与工程学报,1989,8(4):337–345.(XIAO Ming.Back analysis of three-dimensional initial geostress field and its stress function fitting[J].Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,1989,8(4):337–345.(in Chinese))
[8]肖明,刘志明.锦屏二级水电站三维地应力场反演回归分析[J].人民长江,2000,31(9):42–44.(XIAO Ming,LIU Zhiming.Back regression analysis of three-dimensional geostress field of Jinping II hydropower station[J].Yangtze River,2000,31(9):42–44.(in Chinese))
[9]杨林德.初始地应力与围岩时间效应性态参数黏弹性反演计算的边界单元法[J].地下空间,1990,10(2):96–102.(YANG Linde.Using boundary element method to back analyze the initial geostress and timely and sticky rock mass parameters[J].Underground Space,1990,10(2):96–102.(in Chinese))
[10]李守巨,刘迎曦,王登刚.基于遗传算法的岩体初始应力场反演[J].煤炭学报,2001,26(1):13–17.(LI Shouju,LIU Yingxi,WANG Denggang.Inversion procedure of initial stress fields in rock masses based on genetic algorithm[J].Journal of China Coal Society,2001,26(1):13–17.(in Chinese))
[11]梅松华,盛谦,冯夏庭,等.龙滩水电站左岸地下厂房区三维地应力场反演分析[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2004,23(23):4006–4011.(MEI Songhua,SHENG Qian,FENG Xiating,et al.Back analysis of3D in situ stress field of underground power house area of Longtan hydropower station[J].Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,2004,23(23):4006–4011.(in Chinese))
[12]胡斌,冯夏庭,黄小华,等.龙滩水电站左岸高边坡区初始地应力场反演回归分析[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2005,24(22):4055–4064.(HU Bin,FENG Xiating,HUANG Xiaohua,et al.Regression analysis of initial geostress field for left bank high slope region at Longtan hydropower station[J].Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,2005,24(22):4055–4064.(in Chinese))
[13]金长宇,马震岳,张运良,等.神经网络在岩体力学参数和地应力场反演中的应用[J].岩土力学,2006,27(8):1263–1266.(JIN Changyu,MA Zhenyue,ZHANG Yunliang,et al.Application of neural network to back analysis of mechanical parameters and initial stress field of rock masses[J].Rock and Soil Mechanics,2006,27(8):1263–1266.(in Chinese))
[14]余卫平,杨健,汪小刚,等.峡谷地区大型地下洞室群岩体初始地应力场反演分析[J].水文地质工程地质,2007,(2):20–24.(YU Weiping,YANG Jian,WANG Xiaogang,et al.Back analysis of initial geostress of underground tunnels in sharp valley[J].Hydrogeology and Engineering Geology,2007,(2):20–24.(in Chinese))
[15]李渝生,王士天.中国西南地区挽近期地壳构造应力场的演化历史及成因机制[J].地质灾害与环境保护,2003,13(1):9–12.(LI Yusheng,WANG Shitian.The evolution and genetic mechanism of crust tectonic stress field since late Cenozoic in southwest China[J].Journal of Geological Hazards and Environment Preservation,2003,13(1):9–12.(in Chinese))
[16]王凯英,马瑾,顾国华,等.1996年川滇地区发生的一次应力转向事件[J].地学前缘,2003,10(特刊):233–239.(WANG Kaiying,MA Jin,GU Guohua,et al.Rotation of stress axis in Sichuan—Yunnan region in1996[J].Earth Science Frontiers,2003,10(Special):233–239.(in Chinese))
[17]钟继茂,程万正.由多个地震震源机制解求川滇地区平均应力场方向[J].地震学报,2006,28(4):337–346.(ZHONG Jimao,CHENG Wanzheng.Determination of directions of the mean stress field in Sichuan—Yunnan region from a number of focal mechanism solutions[J].Acta Seismologica Sinica,2006,28(4):337–346.(in Chinese))
[18]朱焕春,赵海斌.河谷地应力场的数值模拟[J].水利学报,1995,(5):29–36.(ZHU Huanchun,ZHAO Haibin.Numerical simulation for rock stress field in a valley[J].Journal of Hydraulic Engineering,1995,(5):29–36.(in Chinese))
[19]朱焕春,李浩.论岩体构造应力[J].水利学报,2001,(9):81–85.(ZHU Huanchun,LI Hao.On tectonic stress in rock mass[J].Journal of Hydraulic Engineering,2001,(9):81–85.(in Chinese))
[20]黄润秋,王贤能,唐胜传,等.深埋长隧道工程开挖的主要地质灾害问题研究[J].地质灾害与环境保护,1997,8(1):50–68.(HUANG Runqiu,WANG Xianneng,TANG Shengchuan,et al.Research on the main geological hazards of deep buried long tunnel[J].Journal of Geological Hazards and Environment Preservation,1997,8(1):50–68.(in Chinese))
[21]李攀峰,张倬元,刘宏,等.某水电站地下厂房硐室群岩爆预测与防治研究[J].中国地质灾害与防治学报,2004,15(2):39–43.(LI Panfeng,ZHANG Zhuoyuan,LIU Hong,et al.Study of rock burst prediction and prevention for underground of a hydroelectric station Caverns[J].The Chinese Journal of Geological Hazard and Control,2004,15(2):39–43.(in Chinese))
[22]谷明成,何发亮,陈成宗.秦岭隧道岩爆的研究[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2002,21(9):1324–1329.(GU Mingcheng,HE Faliang,CHEN Chengzong.Study of rock burst in Qingling tunnel[J].Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,2002,21(9):1324–1329.(in Chinese))
[23]吕庆,孙红月,尚岳全,等.深埋特长公路隧道岩爆预测综合研究[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2005,24(16):2982–2988.(LU Qing,SUN Hongyue,SHANG Yuequan,et al.Comprehensive study of prediction of rock burst in deep and over length highway tunnel[J].Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,2005,24(16):2982–2988.(in Chinese))
[24]李树森,聂德新,任光明.岩芯饼裂机制及其对工程地质特性影响的分析[J].地球科学进展,2004,19(增):376–379.(LI Shusen,NIE Dexin,REN Guangming.The fracture mechanism of discal drill core and its influence on characteristic of engineering geology[J].Advances in Earth Sciences,2004,19(Supp.):376–379.(in Chinese))
[25]缪晓军,吴继敏,李景波.圆形洞室岩爆成因分析及其地质灾害研究[J].河海大学学报(自然科学版),2002,30(5):37–40.(MIAO Xiaojun,WU Jimin,LI Jingbo.Causes of rock burst in circular chambers and its geological disaster analysis[J].Journal of Hohai University(Natural Science),2002,30(5):37–40.(in Chinese))
[26]刘允芳,肖本职.西部地区地震活动与地应力研究[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2005,24(24):4502–4508.(LIU Yunfang,XIAO Benzhi.Study of seismic activity and geostress in west China[J].Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,2005,24(24):4502–4508.(in Chinese))
[27]徐林生,唐伯明,慕长春,等.高地应力与岩爆有关问题的研究现状[J].公路交通技术,2002,(4):48–51.(XU Linsheng,TANG Boming,MU Changchun,et al.Current research situation of high ground stress and rock blasting[J].Technology of Highway and Transport,2002,(4):48–51.(in Chinese))
[28]何思为,向贤礼,卢世杰.高应力区应力与岩爆的关系[J].广东工业大学学报,2002,19(3):1–6.(HE Siwei,XIANG Xianli,LU Shijie.Relationship between the stress and rock burst in highly stressed zone[J].Journal of Guangdong University of Technology,2002,19(3):1–6.(in Chinese))
[29]赵自强,王学潮,随裕红.南水北调西线工程深埋隧洞岩爆与地应力研究[J].华北水利水电学院学报,2002,23(1):48–50.(ZHAO Ziqiang,WANG Xuechao,SUI Yuhong.The deep tunnel rock blasting and crustal stress research on west route project of water transfer from south to north[J].Journal of North China Institute of Water Conservancy and Hydroelectric Power,2002,23(1):48–50.(in Chinese))
[30]徐则民,黄润秋,陈颖辉,等.河谷应力集中及岩体响应[J].工程勘察,2003,(1):4–7.(XU Zeming,HUANG Runqiu,CHEN Yinghui,et al.Stress concentration caused by river valleys and the response of rock mass[J].Geotechnical Investigation and Surveying,2003,(1):4–7.(in Chinese))
[31]王广德,石豫川,葛华,等.岩爆与围岩分类[J].工程地质学报,2006,14(1):83–89.(WANG Guangde,SHI Yuchuan,GE Hua,et al.Rock burst and classification of surrounding rock masses[J].Journal of Engineering Geology,2006,14(1):83–89.(in Chinese))
[32]许东俊,章光,李廷芥,等.岩爆应力状态研究[J].岩石力学与工程学报:2000,19(2):169–172.(XU Dongjun,ZHANG Guang,LI Tingjie,et al.Study of the stress state in rock burst[J].Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,2000,19(2):169–172.(in Chinese))
[33]汪波,何川,吴德兴,等.基于岩爆破坏形迹修正隧道区地应力及岩爆预测的研究[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2007,26(4):811–817.(WANG Bo,HE Chuan,WU Dexing,et al.Study of modification of geostress and forecast of rock burst based on destructive size of rock burst[J].Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,2007,26(4):811–817.(in Chinese))
版权所有：© 2023 中国地质图书馆 中国地质调查局地学文献中心