抚顺煤田深部开采临界深度的定量判别
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摘要
以抚顺煤田为工程背景,通过采动微震和瓦斯的现场观测与分析,得到深部开采临界深度是采动岩体的动力响应由线性转为非线性深度的认识。提出用采动岩体的视本构关系、采动微震的分形几何学特征和在浅部未发生过的特殊动力现象定量判断采动岩体力学行为的方法。结果表明,上述3项指标均指示700 m左右的深度是该煤田采动岩体力学行为发生非线性动力响应的临界深度。
Took Fushun coalfield for the engineering background,it was found that the critical depth in deep exploitation was the mining-disturbed rock mass dynamic response from the linear to nonlinear through the on-site and analysis of micro fracture of rocks and gas.A method was proposed to judge quantitatively the mechanical behavior of the mining-disturbed rock mass with the apparent constitutive relation of rocks and the characteristics of micro fractal geometry of rocks brittle fracture,as well as special dynamic phenomenon that does not happen at shallow.The results show that from above three indexes,the depth of 700 m around is the critical depth that the nonlinear dynamic response happens for the mechanics behavior of the mining-disturbed rock mass in the coalfield.
Took Fushun coalfield for the engineering background,it was found that the critical depth in deep exploitation was the mining-disturbed rock mass dynamic response from the linear to nonlinear through the on-site and analysis of micro fracture of rocks and gas.A method was proposed to judge quantitatively the mechanical behavior of the mining-disturbed rock mass with the apparent constitutive relation of rocks and the characteristics of micro fractal geometry of rocks brittle fracture,as well as special dynamic phenomenon that does not happen at shallow.The results show that from above three indexes,the depth of 700 m around is the critical depth that the nonlinear dynamic response happens for the mechanics behavior of the mining-disturbed rock mass in the coalfield.
引文
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[17]李铁,蔡美峰,王金安,等.深部开采冲击地压与瓦斯相关性的探讨[J].煤炭学报,2005,30(5):562-567.Li Tie,Cai Meifeng,Wang Jin’an,et al.Discussion on relativity be-tween rockburst and gas in deep exploitation[J].Journal of ChinaCoal Society,2005,30(5):562-567.
[2]Malan D F,Spottiswoode S M.Time-dependent fracture zone behav-ior and seismicity surrounding deep level stopping operations[A].Rockburst and Seismicity in Mines[C].Rotterdam:A.A.Balkema,1997:173-l77.
[3]何满潮.深部的概念体系及工程评价指标[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2005,24(16):2 854-2 858.He Manchao.Conception system and evaluation indexes for deep en-gineering[J].Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,2005,24(16):2 854-2 858.
[4]徐则民,黄润秋,王士天.隧道的埋深划分[J].中国地质灾害与防治学报,2000,11(4):5-10.Xu Zemin,Huang Runqiu,Wang Shitian.Tunnel classifying in lightof depth[J].The Chinese Journal of Geological Hazard and Control,2000,11(4):5-10.
[5]景海河.深部工程围岩特性及其变形破坏机制研究[D].北京:中国矿业大学(北京),2002.Jing Haihe.Research on the characteristics of the rock mass in deepengineering and its deformation mechanism[D].Beijing:ChineseUniversity of Mining and Technology(Beijing),2002.
[6]梁政国.煤矿山深浅部开采界线划分问题[J].辽宁工程技术大学学报(自然科学版),2001,20(4):554-556.Liang Zhengguo.The question about the boundary division of deep ofshallow part’s coal mining[J].Journal of Liaoning Technical Uni-versity(Natural Science),2001,20(4):554-556.
[7]钱七虎.深部岩体工程响应的特征科学现象及“深部”的界定[J].东华理工学院学报,2004,27(1):1-5.Qian Qihu.The characteristic scientific phenomena of engineeringresponse to deep rock mass and the implication of deepness[J].Journal of East China Institute of Technology,2004,27(1):1-5.
[8]李铁.采矿诱发地震机理及其安全对策的研究[D].北京:北京科技大学,2007.Li Tie.Study on the mechanism of mining-induced seismicity and itssafety control[D].Beijing:University of Science&Technology Bei-jing,2007.
[9]Cai M F,Ji H G,Wang J A.Study on the time-space-strength rela-tion for mining seismicity at Laohutai coal mine and its prediction[J].International Journal of Rock Mechanics&Mining Sciences,2005,42(1):145-151.
[10]Benioff H.Earthquakes and rock creep Part 1:Creep characteris-tics of rocks and the origin of afterchocks[J].Bull.Seismol.Soc.America,1951,41(1):31-62.
[11]Bullen Kert Edward,Bolt Bruce A.An introduction to the theory ofseismology[M].New York:Cambridge University Press,1985.
[12]Gutenberg B,Richter C F.Seismicity of the earth and associatedphenomenon[M].Princeton:Princeton University Press,1954.
[13]雷兴林,佐藤隆司,西泽修.花岗岩变形破坏的阶段性模型—应力速度及预存微裂纹密度对断层形成过程的影响[J].地震地质,2004,26(3):436-449.Lei Xinglin,Takashi Satoh,Osamu Nishizawa.Three-stage fractu-ring model for granitic rocks under triaxial compression:role of mi-crocrack density and stress rate on fault formation[J].Seismologyand Geology,2004,26(3):436-449.
[14]陈颙,陈凌.分形几何学[M].北京:地震出版社,2005.Chen Yong,Chen Ling.Fractal geometry[M].Beijing:Seismologi-cal Press,2005.
[15]Gibowicz S J,Kijko A.An introduction to mining seismology[M].San Diego:Academic Press,1994.
[16]陈忠辉,谭国焕,杨文柱.不同围压作用下岩石损伤破坏的数值模拟[J].岩土工程学报,2001,23(5):576-580.Chen Zhonghui,Tan Guohuan,Yang Wenzhu.Numerical simulationof damage and failure of rocks under different confining pressures[J].Chinese Journal of Geotechnical Engineering,2001,23(5):576-580.
[17]李铁,蔡美峰,王金安,等.深部开采冲击地压与瓦斯相关性的探讨[J].煤炭学报,2005,30(5):562-567.Li Tie,Cai Meifeng,Wang Jin’an,et al.Discussion on relativity be-tween rockburst and gas in deep exploitation[J].Journal of ChinaCoal Society,2005,30(5):562-567.
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