工程岩体完整性评价的实用方法研究
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摘要
采用结构面统计与结构面结合特征识别相结合的方法,从结构面几何发育特征和结合特征两方面评价工程岩体完整性。用体积节理数评价结构面几何发育特征,并引入岩体几何完整性系数Ig来表征。根据结构面张开度和充填胶结特征将其结合程度分为5级,给出各级的定性特征描述,并引入结构面结合程度系数Ip对其量化。进而定义了岩体完整性指数将岩体完整性划分为完整、较完整、破碎、较破碎和极破碎5级,并给出对应的定性特征描述和Irm值区间。结合公路隧道工程实例,分别采用文中方法、声波测试法和体积节理数测量法对隧道围岩完整性进行了评价并对评价结果进行了比较。结果表明,文中方法得到的岩体完整性指数Irm与声波测试法得到的Kv基本一致,而体积节理数量测法的评价结果整体上大于声波测试方法。
The integrality of rock mass is assessed based on the geometrical character and cementing status of structural plane,in which the structural plane statistic method and cementing status recognition method are used together.The geometrical character of structural plane is assessed according to volumetric joint count,and the geometrical integrity index of rock mass(Ig) is introduced to represent it.The cementing status of structural plane is classified into five grades based on joint opening and cemented fills.The qualitative character of each grade is given;and the cementing status coefficient of structural plane(Ip) is introduced to represent it.Then the integrality index of rock mass(Irm) is defined as Irm=Ig×Ip.The integrality of rock mass is classified into five grades:integrated,moderate integrated,cracked,moderate cracked,and highly cracked.The qualitative character and Irm of each grade are given.Taken a highway tunnel for example,the integrality of surrounding rock mass of tunnel is assessed by the sound wave test method,the volumetric joint count method and the method suggested in this article respectively;then the assessment results are compared as well.It is found that Irm obtained with the method suggested in this article coincides with Kv gained by sound wave test method,while the results of volumetric joint count method are commonly higher than the sound wave test method.
The integrality of rock mass is assessed based on the geometrical character and cementing status of structural plane,in which the structural plane statistic method and cementing status recognition method are used together.The geometrical character of structural plane is assessed according to volumetric joint count,and the geometrical integrity index of rock mass(Ig) is introduced to represent it.The cementing status of structural plane is classified into five grades based on joint opening and cemented fills.The qualitative character of each grade is given;and the cementing status coefficient of structural plane(Ip) is introduced to represent it.Then the integrality index of rock mass(Irm) is defined as Irm=Ig×Ip.The integrality of rock mass is classified into five grades:integrated,moderate integrated,cracked,moderate cracked,and highly cracked.The qualitative character and Irm of each grade are given.Taken a highway tunnel for example,the integrality of surrounding rock mass of tunnel is assessed by the sound wave test method,the volumetric joint count method and the method suggested in this article respectively;then the assessment results are compared as well.It is found that Irm obtained with the method suggested in this article coincides with Kv gained by sound wave test method,while the results of volumetric joint count method are commonly higher than the sound wave test method.
引文
[1]中华人民共和国建设部.GB50021-94岩土工程勘察规范[S].北京:中国建筑工业出版社,1995.
[2]中华人民共和国交通部.JTG D70-2004公路隧道设计规范[S].北京:人民交通出版社,2004.
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[4]张鹏,陈剑平,邱道宏.基于粗糙集的隧道围岩质量可拓学评价[J].岩土力学,2009,30(1):246-251.ZHANG Peng,CHEN Jian-ping,QIU Dao-hong.Evaluation of tunnel surrounding rock quality with extenics based on rough set[J].Rock and Soil Mechanics,2009,30(1):246-251.
[5]沈中其,关宝树.施工阶段围岩类别的定量评定方法[J].上海铁道大学学报,1998,12(2):12-18.SHEN Zhong-qi,GUAN Bao-shu.The evaluation method for surrounding rocks[J].Journal of Shanghai Railway University,1998,12(2):12-18.
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[7]胡文寿,张显志.论工程岩体完整性的评价方法[J].西安工程学院学报,2001,23(3):50-55.HU Wen-tao,ZHANG Xian-zhi.Evaluation ways about integrity of the engineering rock mass[J].Journal of Xi’an Engineering University,2001,23(3):50-55.
[8]中华人民共和国建设部.GB50218-94工程岩体分级标准[S].北京:中国计划出版社,1995.
[9]丁梧秀,姚增,蒋振.岩体工程特性研究中弹性波速参数取值方法探讨[J].岩土力学,2004,25(9):1353-1357.DING Xiu-wu,YAO Zeng,JIANG Zhen.Study on methods of how to select reasonably elastic wave velocity parameters of engineering rock mass[J].Rock and Soil Mechanics,2004,25(9):1353-1357.
[10]孙党生,焦凯英,唐大雄,等.低信噪比的浅层地震勘探数据处理技术[J].物探与化探,2004,28(2):164-166.SUN Dang-sheng,JIAO Kai-ying,TANG Da-xiong,et al.The technique for low SNR shallow seismic data processing[J].Geophysical&Geochemical Exploration,2004,28(2):164-166.
[11]DEERE.Technical description of rock cotes for engineering purposes[J].Rock Mechanics&Rock Engineering,1964,1:17-22.
[12]杜时贵,许四法,杨树峰,等.岩石质量指标RQD与工程岩体分类[J].工程地质学报,2000,8(3):253-259.DU Shi-gui,XU Si-fa,YANG Shu-feng,et al.Application of ROQ to engineering classification of rocks[J].Chinese Journal of Engineering Geology,2000,8(3):253-259.
[13]刘佑荣,唐辉明.岩体力学[M].武汉:中国地质大学出版社,1999:18-19.
[14]中华人民共和国水利部.GB50287-99水利水电工程地质勘察规范[S].北京:中国计划出版社,1999.
[15]中华人民共和国建设部.GB50330-2002建筑边坡工程技术规范[S].北京:中国计划出版社,2002.
[16]杜时贵.岩体结构面抗剪强度经验估算[M].北京:地震出版社,2005.
[17]杜时贵,樊良本.大溪岭隧道围岩抗剪强度[J].浙江工业大学学报,1995,23(3):269-274.DU Shi-gui,FAN Liang-ben.Shear strength of rock discontinuities of Daxiling tunnel[J].Journal of Zhejiang University of Technology,1995,23(3):269-274.
[18]刘明维,何平,钱志雄,等.岩质边坡结构面实用分类方法研究[J].地下空间与工程,2007,3(5):812-820.LIU Wei-ming,HE Ping,QIAN Zhi-xiong,et al.Study on practical classification method of discontinuities in rock slope[J].Chinese Journal of Underground Space and Engineering,2007,3(5):812-820.
[19]徐磊,任青文.不同充填度岩石分形节理抗剪强度的数值模拟[J].煤田地质与勘探,2007,35(3):52-56.XU Lei,REN Qing-wen.Numerical simulation of the shear strength of fractal rock joint with different filling percentage[J].Coal Geology&Exploration,2007,35(3):52-56.
[20]重庆交通科研设计院.青岛-兰州高速公路邯郸至涉县段两阶段施工图设计[R].重庆:重庆交通科研设计院,2007.
[21]河北省交通规划设计院.青岛-兰州高速公路邯郸至涉县段工程地质勘察报告[R].河北:河北省交通规划设计院,2007.
[22]杨祥森,林昀,崔德海.地震映像法在铁路隧道隐伏岩溶勘查中的应用[J].工程地球物理学报,2007,4(5):470-475.YANG Xiang-sen,LIN Yun,CUI De-hai.Application of seismic imaging method to exploration of hidden Karst under railway tunnel[J].Chinese Journal of Engineering Geophysics,2007,4(5):470-475.
[23]徐贵来.地震映像勘探技术研究[J].世界核地质科学,2006,23(1):33-39.XU Gui-lai.Technical development of seismic imaging prospecting[J].World Nuclear Geoscience,2006,23(1):33-39.
[2]中华人民共和国交通部.JTG D70-2004公路隧道设计规范[S].北京:人民交通出版社,2004.
[3]刘大刚.公路隧道施工阶段围岩亚级分级研究[博士学位论文D].成都:西南交通大学,2004.
[4]张鹏,陈剑平,邱道宏.基于粗糙集的隧道围岩质量可拓学评价[J].岩土力学,2009,30(1):246-251.ZHANG Peng,CHEN Jian-ping,QIU Dao-hong.Evaluation of tunnel surrounding rock quality with extenics based on rough set[J].Rock and Soil Mechanics,2009,30(1):246-251.
[5]沈中其,关宝树.施工阶段围岩类别的定量评定方法[J].上海铁道大学学报,1998,12(2):12-18.SHEN Zhong-qi,GUAN Bao-shu.The evaluation method for surrounding rocks[J].Journal of Shanghai Railway University,1998,12(2):12-18.
[6]谷德振.岩体工程地质力学基础[M].北京:科学出版社,1979.
[7]胡文寿,张显志.论工程岩体完整性的评价方法[J].西安工程学院学报,2001,23(3):50-55.HU Wen-tao,ZHANG Xian-zhi.Evaluation ways about integrity of the engineering rock mass[J].Journal of Xi’an Engineering University,2001,23(3):50-55.
[8]中华人民共和国建设部.GB50218-94工程岩体分级标准[S].北京:中国计划出版社,1995.
[9]丁梧秀,姚增,蒋振.岩体工程特性研究中弹性波速参数取值方法探讨[J].岩土力学,2004,25(9):1353-1357.DING Xiu-wu,YAO Zeng,JIANG Zhen.Study on methods of how to select reasonably elastic wave velocity parameters of engineering rock mass[J].Rock and Soil Mechanics,2004,25(9):1353-1357.
[10]孙党生,焦凯英,唐大雄,等.低信噪比的浅层地震勘探数据处理技术[J].物探与化探,2004,28(2):164-166.SUN Dang-sheng,JIAO Kai-ying,TANG Da-xiong,et al.The technique for low SNR shallow seismic data processing[J].Geophysical&Geochemical Exploration,2004,28(2):164-166.
[11]DEERE.Technical description of rock cotes for engineering purposes[J].Rock Mechanics&Rock Engineering,1964,1:17-22.
[12]杜时贵,许四法,杨树峰,等.岩石质量指标RQD与工程岩体分类[J].工程地质学报,2000,8(3):253-259.DU Shi-gui,XU Si-fa,YANG Shu-feng,et al.Application of ROQ to engineering classification of rocks[J].Chinese Journal of Engineering Geology,2000,8(3):253-259.
[13]刘佑荣,唐辉明.岩体力学[M].武汉:中国地质大学出版社,1999:18-19.
[14]中华人民共和国水利部.GB50287-99水利水电工程地质勘察规范[S].北京:中国计划出版社,1999.
[15]中华人民共和国建设部.GB50330-2002建筑边坡工程技术规范[S].北京:中国计划出版社,2002.
[16]杜时贵.岩体结构面抗剪强度经验估算[M].北京:地震出版社,2005.
[17]杜时贵,樊良本.大溪岭隧道围岩抗剪强度[J].浙江工业大学学报,1995,23(3):269-274.DU Shi-gui,FAN Liang-ben.Shear strength of rock discontinuities of Daxiling tunnel[J].Journal of Zhejiang University of Technology,1995,23(3):269-274.
[18]刘明维,何平,钱志雄,等.岩质边坡结构面实用分类方法研究[J].地下空间与工程,2007,3(5):812-820.LIU Wei-ming,HE Ping,QIAN Zhi-xiong,et al.Study on practical classification method of discontinuities in rock slope[J].Chinese Journal of Underground Space and Engineering,2007,3(5):812-820.
[19]徐磊,任青文.不同充填度岩石分形节理抗剪强度的数值模拟[J].煤田地质与勘探,2007,35(3):52-56.XU Lei,REN Qing-wen.Numerical simulation of the shear strength of fractal rock joint with different filling percentage[J].Coal Geology&Exploration,2007,35(3):52-56.
[20]重庆交通科研设计院.青岛-兰州高速公路邯郸至涉县段两阶段施工图设计[R].重庆:重庆交通科研设计院,2007.
[21]河北省交通规划设计院.青岛-兰州高速公路邯郸至涉县段工程地质勘察报告[R].河北:河北省交通规划设计院,2007.
[22]杨祥森,林昀,崔德海.地震映像法在铁路隧道隐伏岩溶勘查中的应用[J].工程地球物理学报,2007,4(5):470-475.YANG Xiang-sen,LIN Yun,CUI De-hai.Application of seismic imaging method to exploration of hidden Karst under railway tunnel[J].Chinese Journal of Engineering Geophysics,2007,4(5):470-475.
[23]徐贵来.地震映像勘探技术研究[J].世界核地质科学,2006,23(1):33-39.XU Gui-lai.Technical development of seismic imaging prospecting[J].World Nuclear Geoscience,2006,23(1):33-39.
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