走滑断裂和裂缝发育带的地震地质综合识别——以准噶尔盆地西北缘玛南地区为例
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摘要
走滑断裂及其伴生的裂缝,是准噶尔盆地西北缘玛南斜坡区三叠系百口泉组储层的重要控制因素,走滑断裂及裂缝的识别与预测对于该地区高产目标的识别有着重要意义。然而走滑断裂垂向断距小甚至无断距,断层识别和组合比较困难;与断裂伴生的裂缝发育与地震资料分辨率不在同一尺度,以地震资料识别和预测裂缝发育带的可靠性受到较多质疑。针对这些问题,采取地震地质综合识别技术,1充分运用构造导向滤波、多尺度边缘检测、方向加权相干、体曲率分析等手段,尽量精确可靠地提取构造变形引起的地震响应特征;2利用走滑断裂的Sylvester剪切模式与断层裂缝相关等地质理论进行地质约束,对地震识别和预测结果进行合理解释和推断,从而较好地解决了这一地区走滑断裂和裂缝发育带的识别与预测问题。
Strike-slip faults and associated fractures are an important controlling factor of Baikouquan reservoir of Junggar basin Manan slope zone.The recognition and prediction of strike-slip faults and fractures are significant for recognition high productive targets.However,it is difficult to distinguish and combined for the little vertical fault throw of strike-slip faults.The reliability of seismic data to identify and predict fracture zones subject to more questioning for that fractures and seismic data resolution is not in the same scale.Adopting comprehensive geological seismic recognition technology can solve this problem in two ways.On the one hand,some methods such as structure oriented filtering,multiscale edge detection,direction weighted coherence and volumetric curvature are effective for fault identification for structure deformation characteristics.On the other hand,faults and fractures can be reasonable interpreted and inferred on the base of Sylvester shear mode and geological theory such as the association of strike-slip faults and fractures related,which is a better solution to the region to identify and predict strike-slip fault and fracture zone.
Strike-slip faults and associated fractures are an important controlling factor of Baikouquan reservoir of Junggar basin Manan slope zone.The recognition and prediction of strike-slip faults and fractures are significant for recognition high productive targets.However,it is difficult to distinguish and combined for the little vertical fault throw of strike-slip faults.The reliability of seismic data to identify and predict fracture zones subject to more questioning for that fractures and seismic data resolution is not in the same scale.Adopting comprehensive geological seismic recognition technology can solve this problem in two ways.On the one hand,some methods such as structure oriented filtering,multiscale edge detection,direction weighted coherence and volumetric curvature are effective for fault identification for structure deformation characteristics.On the other hand,faults and fractures can be reasonable interpreted and inferred on the base of Sylvester shear mode and geological theory such as the association of strike-slip faults and fractures related,which is a better solution to the region to identify and predict strike-slip fault and fracture zone.
引文
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[12]SATINDER CHOPRA,MARFURT K J.Volumetric curvature attributes add value to 3Dseismic data interpretation[J].The Leading Edge,2007,26(7):856-867.
[13]邓虎成.断层共生裂缝系统的发育规律及分布评价—以阿曼Daleel油田为例[D].成都:成都理工大学,2009.DEND H CH.The Development and Assesment of Fault-association Fracture System-A case stuty of Daleel field in Oman[D].Chengdu:Chengdu University of Technology,2009.(In Chinese)
[14]李明.准噶尔盆地乌夏地区二叠系储层裂缝研究[D].北京:中国石油大学,2008.LI M.Study on the Permian Reservoir Tectoclase in Wuxia Area of Junggar Basin[D].Beijing:China University of Petroleum,2008.(In Chinese)
[15]冯建伟.准噶尔盆地乌夏断裂带构造演化及控油作用研究[D].北京:中国石油大学,2008.FENG J W.The Tectonic Evolution and It’s Controlling on Hydrocarbon in Wuxia Fault Belt of Junggar Basin[D].Beijing:China University of Petroleum,2008.(In Chinese)
[2]ALLEN M B,SENGOR A M C,NATALIN B A.Junggar,Turfan and Alakol Basins as Late Permian to Early Triassic extensional structures in a sinistral shear zone in the Altaid Orogenic Collage,Central-Asia[J].Journal of the Geological Society,1995,152(2):327-338.
[3]孙自明,洪太元,张涛.新疆北部哈拉阿拉特山走滑—冲断复合构造特征与油气勘探方向[J].地质科学,2008,43(2):309-320.SUN Z M,HONG T Y,ZHANG T.Strike-slip thrust composite structures and its relationships to hydrocarbon inHala′a late mountains,northern Xinjiang[J].Chinese Journal of Geology,2008,43(2):309-320.(In Chinese)
[4]孟家峰,郭召杰,方世虎.准噶尔盆地西北缘冲断构造新解[J].地学前缘,2009,16(3):171-180.MENG J F,GUO ZH J,FANG SH H.A new insight into the thrust structures at the northwestern margin of Junggar Basin[J].Earth Science Frontiers,2009,16(3):171-180.(In Chinese)
[5]汪仁富.准噶尔盆地西北缘克拉玛依-夏子街走滑构造[D].杭州:浙江大学,2011.WANG R F.Structural Analysis of Kelamav-Xiaziiie Strike-slip Fault Systerms in NW margin of Junggar Basin.Xinjiang,China[D].Hangzhou:ZheJiang University,2011.(In Chinese)
[6]才巨宏.走滑断裂识别技术在辽东探区的应用[J].油气地质与采收率,2009,16(4):58-61.CAI J H.The application of strike-slip fault indentification technique in Liaodong exploration area[J].Petroleum Geology and Recovery Efficiency,2009,16(4):58-61.(In Chinese)
[7]SYLVESTER A.G.Strike-slip faults[J].Geological Society of America Bulletin,1988,100(11):1666-1703.
[8]TCHALENKO J.S.Similarities between Shear Zones of Different Magnitudes[J].Geological Society of America Bulletin,1970,81(6):1625-1640.
[9]彭文绪,张志强,姜利群,等.渤海西部沙垒田凸起区走滑断层演化及其对油气的控制作用[J].石油学报,2012,33(2):204-212.PENG W X,ZHANG ZH Q,JIANG L Q,et al.Evolution of strike-slip faults in the Shaleitian bulge of the western Bohai offshore and their control on hydrocarbons[J].Acta Petrolei Sinica,2012,33(2):204-212.(In Chinese)
[10]顾雯,王铎翰,阎建国.基于地震多属性的裂缝检测技术[J].天然气勘探与开发,2013,36(3):17-22.GU W,WANG D H,YAN J G.Fracrure detection based on seismic multiple Attributes[J].Natural Gas Exploration&Development,2013,36(3):17-22.(In Chinese)
[11]贺振华,黄德济,文晓涛.裂缝油气藏地球物理预测[M].成都:四川科学技术出版社,2007.HE ZH H,HUANG D J,WEN X T.Fractured reservoir geophysical prediction[M].Chengdu:Sichuan Science and Technology Press,2007.(In Chinese)
[12]SATINDER CHOPRA,MARFURT K J.Volumetric curvature attributes add value to 3Dseismic data interpretation[J].The Leading Edge,2007,26(7):856-867.
[13]邓虎成.断层共生裂缝系统的发育规律及分布评价—以阿曼Daleel油田为例[D].成都:成都理工大学,2009.DEND H CH.The Development and Assesment of Fault-association Fracture System-A case stuty of Daleel field in Oman[D].Chengdu:Chengdu University of Technology,2009.(In Chinese)
[14]李明.准噶尔盆地乌夏地区二叠系储层裂缝研究[D].北京:中国石油大学,2008.LI M.Study on the Permian Reservoir Tectoclase in Wuxia Area of Junggar Basin[D].Beijing:China University of Petroleum,2008.(In Chinese)
[15]冯建伟.准噶尔盆地乌夏断裂带构造演化及控油作用研究[D].北京:中国石油大学,2008.FENG J W.The Tectonic Evolution and It’s Controlling on Hydrocarbon in Wuxia Fault Belt of Junggar Basin[D].Beijing:China University of Petroleum,2008.(In Chinese)
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