深层地应力地理方位确定的新方法
摘要
地应力地理方位是合理井网布置、水力压裂设计、复杂结构井定向方位优选及安全钻井液密度窗口确定的重要基础参数。针对室内地应力测试方法对非定向岩芯无法确定水平地应力地理方位的难题,利用深部地层岩芯的黏滞剩磁分量标定岩芯的地理方位;同时对标定岩芯开展围压下的声发射Kaiser试验,测量出水平地应力大小和相对方位;最终确定出最大、最小地应力的地理方位。该方法解决Kaiser试验地应力地理方位无法确定的难题,完善深层地应力测试方法,可为钻井工程和油田增产措施优化设计提供基础的数据。
Geographic orientation of geostress is an important basic parameter for reasonable well layout,hydraulic fracturing design,optimization of directional orientation of complex structural well and determination of safe drilling fluid density window. According to the problems that laboratory geostress testing methods can not determine the geographic orientation of horizontal geostress for nondirectional cores,the geographic orientation of cores is calibrated by using viscous remanent magnetization component;the acoustic emission Kaiser test under confining pressures for calibrated cores is carried out so as to determine the magnitude and relative orientation of horizontal geostress. Eventually,the geographic orientations of the maximum and minor principal geostresses are determined. This method solves the problem that the geographic orientation of geostresses can not be determined by using Kaiser test and improves the testing methods of geostress in deep formation. Meanwhile,it provides basic data for drilling engineering and optimization of oilfield stimulation.
Geographic orientation of geostress is an important basic parameter for reasonable well layout,hydraulic fracturing design,optimization of directional orientation of complex structural well and determination of safe drilling fluid density window. According to the problems that laboratory geostress testing methods can not determine the geographic orientation of horizontal geostress for nondirectional cores,the geographic orientation of cores is calibrated by using viscous remanent magnetization component;the acoustic emission Kaiser test under confining pressures for calibrated cores is carried out so as to determine the magnitude and relative orientation of horizontal geostress. Eventually,the geographic orientations of the maximum and minor principal geostresses are determined. This method solves the problem that the geographic orientation of geostresses can not be determined by using Kaiser test and improves the testing methods of geostress in deep formation. Meanwhile,it provides basic data for drilling engineering and optimization of oilfield stimulation.
引文
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[14]侯守信,田国荣.古地磁岩芯定向及其在地应力测量上的应用[J].地质力学学报,1999,5(1):90–96.(HOU Shouxin,TIAN Guorong.Palaeomagnetic orientation of cores and its applications for in-situ stress measurements[J].Journal of Geomechanics,1999,5(1):90–96.(in Chinese))
[2]陈勉,金衍,张广清.石油工程岩石力学[M].北京:科学出版社,2008.(CHEN Mian,JIN Yan,ZHANG Guangqing.Petroleum engineering rock mechanics[M].Beijing:Science Press,2008.(in Chinese))
[3]李志明,张金珠.地应力与油气田勘探开发[M].北京:石油工业出版社,1997.(LI Zhiming,ZHANG Jinzhu.Geostress and oil-gas exploration and development[M].Beijing:Petroleum Industry Press,1997.(in Chinese))
[4]程远方,沈海超,赵益忠.一种简化的差应变地应力测量技术[J].石油钻采工艺,2008,30(2):61–64.(CHENG Yuanfang,SHEN Haichao,ZHAO Yizhong.A simplified differential strain analysis method for in-situ stress measurement[J].Oil Drilling and Production Technology,2008,30(2):61–64.(in Chinese))
[5]金衍,陈勉,郭凯俊,等.复杂泥页岩地层地应力的确定方法研究[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2006,25(11):2287–2291.(JIN Yan,CHEN Mian,GUO Kaijun,et al.Study on determination method of in-situ stress for complex silt formations[J].Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,2006,25(11):2287–2291.(in Chinese))
[6]高合明,刘建东,沈露禾.深部地应力测试技术及其在钻井工程中的应用[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2000,19(增1):1124–1127.(GAO Heming,LIU Jiandong,SHEN Luhe.Measuring method of deep formation geostress and its application to borehole stability analysis[J].Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,2000,19(Supp.1):1124–1127.(in Chinese))
[7]高坤,陶果.利用多极子阵列声波测井资料计算横向各向同性地层破裂压力[J].中国石油大学学报,2007,31(1):35–39.(GAO Kun,TAO Guo.Determining breakdown pressures in transversely isotropic formation by multiple array acoustic logs[J].Journal of China University of Petroleum,2007,31(1):35–39.(in Chinese))
[8]KAISER E J.A study of acoustic phenomena in tensile test[Ph.D.Thesis][D].Munchen:Technisce Hoehschule,1959.
[9]邓金根,黄荣樽,田效山.油田深部地层地应力测定的新方法[J].中国石油大学学报,1997,21(1):32–35.(DENG Jingen,HUANG Rongzun,TIAN Xiaoshan.A new method for measuring geostress in deep formation[J].Journal of China University of Petroleum,1997,21(1):32–35.(in Chinese))
[10]张广清,金衍,陈勉.利用围压下岩石的凯泽效应测定地应力[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2002,21(3):360–363.(ZHANG Guangqing,JIN Yan,CHEN Mian.Measurement of in-situ stresses by Kaiser effect under confining pressures[J].Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,2002,21(3):360–363.(in Chinese))
[11]石林,张旭东,金衍,等.深层地应力测量新方法[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2004,23(14):2355–2358.(SHI Lin,ZHANG Xudong,JIN Yan,et al.New method for measurement of in-situ stresses at great depth[J].Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,2004,23(14):2355–2358.(in Chinese))
[12]TALLINN D H.古地磁学的原理和应用[M].北京:科学出版社,1978.(TALLINN D H.The principles and applications of palaeomagnetism[M].Beijing:Science Press,1978.(in Chinese))
[13]李学森,吴汉宁,张小浩,等.钻井岩芯重定向的古地磁方法及其可靠性分析[J].油气地球物理,2006,4(2):27–32.(LI Xuesen,WU Hanning,ZHANG Xiaohao,et al.The palaeomagnetic method applied to reorient core and its reliability[J].Petroleum Geophysics,2006,4(2):27–32.(in Chinese))
[14]侯守信,田国荣.古地磁岩芯定向及其在地应力测量上的应用[J].地质力学学报,1999,5(1):90–96.(HOU Shouxin,TIAN Guorong.Palaeomagnetic orientation of cores and its applications for in-situ stress measurements[J].Journal of Geomechanics,1999,5(1):90–96.(in Chinese))
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