海上风电机组随机风浪荷载时程数值计算
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摘要
采用功率谱研究了海上风力机的随机风浪荷载,同时根据JCSS(结构安全度联合委员会)准则探讨了海上风机随机风浪荷载的组合问题。为满足时域内海上风机动力反应计算的需求,采用谐波叠加法研究了随机风浪荷载时程的计算方法。对于风荷载,计算过程中考虑了风场的空间相干性和风剪效应;对于波浪荷载,提出了考虑海浪波面高程变化时波浪荷载的计算方法。计算结果表明,不考虑波面变化,将低估波峰处的波浪荷载,而高估波谷处的波浪荷载;对于海上风机而言,以风荷载作为主要荷载进行风浪组合得到的计算结果偏于安全;同时通过模拟荷载的计算谱与目标谱的比较,表明了该文随机荷载时程模拟的正确性。
As the strong random of wind and wave loads,the power spectrum was used to study the random wave and wind loads and the JCSS code was used to investigated the wind and wave loads combination.To satisfy calculating the dynamic response of offshore wind turbine in time domain,the harmony superposition method was used to calculate the random wind and wave loads time history.The spatial coherence and the wind shear effects were included in the calculation of random wind loads time history,and a new calculation method was presented to considering the wave surface elevation variation effects in calculating the random wave loads time history.The calculation results shown that the random wave loads are underestimated at the wave peak and are overestimated at the wave trough as not considering the wave surface elevation variation effects.For the offshore wind turbine,the calculation results tend to safety when the wind loads was chosen as main loads to combine with the wave loads.The correctness of simulating the random loads time history was testified by comparing the calculation spectrum and the target spectrum.
As the strong random of wind and wave loads,the power spectrum was used to study the random wave and wind loads and the JCSS code was used to investigated the wind and wave loads combination.To satisfy calculating the dynamic response of offshore wind turbine in time domain,the harmony superposition method was used to calculate the random wind and wave loads time history.The spatial coherence and the wind shear effects were included in the calculation of random wind loads time history,and a new calculation method was presented to considering the wave surface elevation variation effects in calculating the random wave loads time history.The calculation results shown that the random wave loads are underestimated at the wave peak and are overestimated at the wave trough as not considering the wave surface elevation variation effects.For the offshore wind turbine,the calculation results tend to safety when the wind loads was chosen as main loads to combine with the wave loads.The correctness of simulating the random loads time history was testified by comparing the calculation spectrum and the target spectrum.
引文
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[23]竺艳蓉.海燕工程波浪力学[M].天津:天津大学出版社,1991,185—192.
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[25]俞聿修.随机波浪及其工程应用[M].大连:大连理工大学出版社,2003,349—395.
[2]陈严,蔡安民,叶枝全,等.近海风力机在极限波浪作用下的初步计算分析[J].太阳能学报,2008,29(2):180—187.
[3]薛桁,朱瑞兆.我国风能开发利用及布局潜力评估[J].太阳能学报,1990,11(1):1—11.
[4]Wang Wei,Bai Yang.Investigation on installation ofoffshore wind turbines[J].Journal of Marine Scienceand Application,2010,9:175—180.
[5]姚国权,麻志雄,丁炳灿,等.黄、渤海波浪年极值统计分析[J].港口工程,1992,4:31—37.
[6]滕春学,吴秀杰.渤海南部海域年极值波浪和设计波浪的特征研究[J].黄渤海海洋,1994,12(3):3—12.
[7]许林之.渤海几种波浪预报方法的验证[J].海洋预报,1986,3(4):37—41.
[8]段忠东,周道成,欧进萍.渤海和南海海域极值风速的置信区间[J].海洋通报,2003,22(2):17—24.
[9]刘锡良,周颖.风荷载的几种模拟方法[J].工业建筑,2005,35(5):81—84.
[10]Wu Mingkang,Moan Torgeir.Statistical analysis ofwave-induced extreme nonlinear load effects usingtime-domain simulations[J].Applied Ocean Research,2006,28(6):386—397.
[11]Ahsan Kareem.Numerical simulation of wind effects:A probabilistic perspective[J].Journal of Wind Engi-neering and Industrial Aerodynamics,2008,96(10):1472—1497.
[12]Deodatis G.Simulation of ergodic multivariate stochas-tic process[J].Journal of Engineering Mechanics,ASCE,1996,122(8):778—787.
[13]Zhang Linlin,Li Jie,Peng Yongbo.Dynamic responseand reliability analysis of tall buildings subject to windloading[J].Journal of Wind Engineering and IndustrialAerdynamics,2008,96(1):25—40.
[14]李春祥,都敏,韩兵康.基于AR模型模拟超高层建筑的脉动风速时程[J].地震工程与工程振动,2008,28(3):87—94.
[15]俞聿修.海浪的数值模拟[J].大连工学院学报,1981,20(2):84—90.
[16]Ove Ditlevsen.Stochastic model for joint wave andwind loads on offshore structures[J].Structural Safe-ty,2002,24(2-4):139—163.
[17]陶建华,竺艳蓉,杨明华.海上重力式平台波浪力的数值计算和实验验证[J].天津大学学报,1987,4:85—94.
[18]Gudmestada O T,Geir M.Hydrodynamic coefficientsfor calculation of hydrodynamic loads on offshore trussstructures[J].Marine Structures,1996,9(8):745—758.
[19]刘德辅,董胜.随机工程海洋学[M].青岛:中国海洋大学出版社,2004,89—117.
[20]欧进萍,肖仪清,段忠东,等.基于风浪联合概率模型的海洋平台系统可靠度分析[J].海洋工程,2003,41(4):1—7.
[21]金伟良.工程荷载组合理论与应用[M].北京:机械工业出版社,2006,105—127.
[22]陈小波,陈健云,李静.海上风力发电塔脉动风速时程数值模拟[J].中国电机工程学报,2008,28(32):95—116.
[23]竺艳蓉.海燕工程波浪力学[M].天津:天津大学出版社,1991,185—192.
[24]武鑫.风能技术[M].北京:科学出版社,2007.
[25]俞聿修.随机波浪及其工程应用[M].大连:大连理工大学出版社,2003,349—395.
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