桩底沉渣对桩的纵向振动特性影响研究及应用
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摘要
在桩底有限土层采用虚土桩模型情况下,对桩底沉渣对非均质土中桩的动力特性的影响进行了研究。首先,将桩端正下方土体模拟为与桩端完全接触的虚土桩模型;然后,对桩侧土采用多圈层平面应变模型,并考虑其径向非均匀性,利用剪切复刚度传递的方法,递推得到了桩侧土作用在桩身的剪切复刚度,结合得到的剪切复刚度,利用阻抗函数递推方法,递推得到虚土桩顶部纵向振动复刚度,将其作为实际桩底的支撑刚度,求解桩顶频域和时域动力响应函数表达式;分析了桩底沉渣特性对桩的纵向振动特性的影响,得到了桩底沉渣对桩基纵向振动响应影响的规律性。最后,利用本文解对工程桩低应变反射波法实测曲线进行了反演拟合分析。
Assuming the soil layers under the piles to be fictitious soil piles,the influence of sediment on the dynamic response of the piles in inhomogeneous soil is presented.Firstly,the finite soil layers under the piles are modelled as the fictitious soil piles whose cross-section area is the same as that of the piles.Using the complex stiffness transfer model of radial multi-zone plane strain,complex stiffness of different soil layers beside the piles is obtained.The complex stiffness of vertical vibration at the top of the fictitious soil piles is derived by means of the impedance function transfer method.Then,the analytical solutions of dynamic response at the pile top in frequency domain and the relevant semi-analytical solution response in time domain are obtained.The influence of sediment is investigated to obtain the nature of the dynamic response at the pile top in frequency domain and time domain.Finally,it is proved that the theoretical curves are in good agreement with those obtained from the field measurements.
Assuming the soil layers under the piles to be fictitious soil piles,the influence of sediment on the dynamic response of the piles in inhomogeneous soil is presented.Firstly,the finite soil layers under the piles are modelled as the fictitious soil piles whose cross-section area is the same as that of the piles.Using the complex stiffness transfer model of radial multi-zone plane strain,complex stiffness of different soil layers beside the piles is obtained.The complex stiffness of vertical vibration at the top of the fictitious soil piles is derived by means of the impedance function transfer method.Then,the analytical solutions of dynamic response at the pile top in frequency domain and the relevant semi-analytical solution response in time domain are obtained.The influence of sediment is investigated to obtain the nature of the dynamic response at the pile top in frequency domain and time domain.Finally,it is proved that the theoretical curves are in good agreement with those obtained from the field measurements.
引文
[1]蔡邦国,陈德银.嵌岩桩桩底沉渣在桩基检测信号中的反应[J].土工基础,2005,19(5):89–90.(CAI Bang-guo,CHEN De-yin.Reflection of residence around inserted pile bottom in pile foundation checking signals[J].Soil Engineering And Foundation,2005,19(5):89–90.(in Chinese))
[2]旺昕,刘誉,徐辉.沉渣对低应变曲线影响的仿真分析[J].土工基础,2009,23(3):74–76.(WANG Xin,LIU Yu,XU Hui.Numeral analysis of low strain curves influenced by dregginess[J].Soil Engineering And Foundation,2009,23(3):74–76.(in Chinese))
[3]吴继敏,董志高,董平.钻孔灌注桩桩底沉渣对桩承载性状影响[J].解放军理工大学学报(自然科学版),2008,9(5):546–551.(WU Ji-min,DONG Zhi-gao,DONG Ping.Influence of bottom sediment on the bearing capacity of pedrilled cast-in-place pile[J].Journal of PLA University of Science and Technology,2008,9(5):546–551.(in Chinese))
[4]刘煜洲,刘东甲,王英杰.嵌岩桩与含沉渣桩低应变动力检测曲线理论计算方法与特征研究[J].物探化探计算技术,2003,25(2):97–104.(LIU Yu-zhou,LIU Dong-jia,WANG Ying-jie.The theoretical calculation and characteristic study in low strain dynamic testing of pile embeded in rock and pile with dregs[J].Computing Techniques for Geophysical and Geochemical Exploration,2003,25(2):97–104.(in Chinese))
[5]EL NAGGAR M H,NOVAK M.Nonlinear axial interaction in pile dynamics[J].Journal of Geotechnical Engineering,ASCE,1994,120(4):678–696.
[6]王奎华,谢康和,曾国熙.有限长桩受迫振动问题解析解及其应用[J].岩土工程学报,1997,19(6):27–35.(WANG Kui-hua,XIE Kang-he,ZENG Guo-xi.Analytical solution to vibration of finite length pile under exciting force and its application[J].Chinese Journal of Geotechnical Engineering,1997,19(6):27–35.(in Chinese))
[7]胡昌斌,王奎华,谢康和.基于平面应变假定基桩振动理论适用性研究[J].岩土工程学报,2003,25(5):595–601.(HU Chang-bin,WANG Kui-hua,XIE Kang-he.Study on theories of axial response of dynamically loaded single piles based on plane strain assumption[J].Chinese Journal of Geotechnical Engineering,2003,25(5):595–601.(in Chinese))
[8]李强,王奎华,谢康和.饱和土中端承桩纵向振动特性研究[J].力学学报,2004,36(4):435–442.(LI Qiang,WANG Kui-hua,XIE Kang-he.Vertical vibration of an end bearing pile embedded in saturated soil[J].Acta Mechnica Sinica,2004,36(4):435–442.(in Chinese))
[9]王海东,尚守平.瑞利波作用下径向非匀质地基中的单桩竖向响应研究[J].振动工程学报,2006,19(2):258–264.(WANG Hai-dong,SHANG Shou-ping.Research on vertical dynamic response of single-pile in radically inhomogeneous soil during the passage of Rayleigh waves[J].Journal of Vibration Engineering,2006,19(2):258–264.(in Chinese))
[10]NOGAMI T,KONGAI K.Time domain axial response of dynamically loaded single piles[J].Journal of Engineering Mechanics Division,ASCE,1986(112):1241–1252.
[11]王奎华,谢康和,曾国熙.变截面阻抗桩受迫振动问题解析解及应用[J].土木工程学报,1998,31(6):56–67.(WANG Kui-hua,XIE Kang-he,ZENG Guo-xi.An analytical solution to forced vibration of foundation pile with variable section impedance and its application[J].China Civil Engineering Journal,1998,31(6):56–67.(in Chinese))
[12]刘东甲.不均匀土中多缺陷桩的轴向动力响应[J].岩土工程学报,2000,22(4):391–395.(LIU Dong-jia.Dynamic axial response of multi-defective piles in nonhomogeneous soil[J].Chinese Journal of Geotechnical Engineering,2000,22(4):391–395.(in Chinese))
[13]孔德森,栾茂田,杨庆.桩土相互作用分析中的动态Winkler模型研究评述[J].世界地震工程,2005,21(1):12–17.(KONG De-sen,LUAN Mao-tian.YANG Qing.Review of dynamic Winkler model appfied in pile-soil interaction analyses[J].World Earthquake Engineering,2005,21(1):12–17.(in Chinese))
[14]LYSMER J,RICHARD F E.Dynamic response of footings to vertical loading[J].Journal of the Soil Mechanics and Foundations Division,ASCE,1966(92):65–91.
[15]RANDOLPH M F,DEEKS A J.Dynamic and static soil models for axial response[C]//Proc 4th Int Conf on the Application of Stress Wave Theory to Piles,The Hague,1992:3–14.
[16]GAZETAS G,MAKRIS N.Dynamic pile-soil-pile interaction.PartⅠ:analysis of axial vibration[J].Earthquake Engineering and Structure Dynamic,1991,20(1):115–132.
[17]ZENG X,RAJAPAKSE R K N D.Dynamic axial load transfer from elastic bar to poroelastic medium[J].Journal of Engineering Mechanics,ASCE,1999,125(9):1048–1055.
[18]MUKI R,STERNBERG E.Electrostatic load transfer to a half space from a partially embedded axially loaded rod[J].International Journal of Solids and Structures,1970(6):69–90.
[19]MILITANO G,RAJAPAKSE R K N D.Dynamic response of a pile in a multi-layered soil to transient torsional and axial loading[J].Geotechnique,1999,49(1):91–109.
[20]CAI Y Q,CHEN G,XU C J,WU D Z.Torsional response of pile embedded in a poroelastic medium[J].Soil Dynamics and Earthquake Engineering,2006(26):1143–1148.
[21]WANG G C,GE W,PAN X D,et al.Torsional vibrations of single piles embedded in saturated medium[J].Computers and Geotechnics,2008(35):11–21.
[22]杨冬英.复杂非均质土中桩土竖向振动理论研究[D].杭州:浙江大学,2009.(YANG Dong-ying.Study on pile vertical vibration in inhomogeneous soil[D].Hangzhou:Zhejiang University,2009.(in Chinese))
[23]GB50202—2002建筑地基基础工程施工质量验收规范[S].2002.(GB50202—2002 Code for acceptance of construction quality of building foundation[S].2002.(in Chinese))
[24]景胜.嵌岩桩桩底低应变反射波曲线特征及实例分析[J].岩土工程界,2008,11(2):65–66.(JING Sheng.Low strain reflective wave curves of Inserted Pile Bottom in Pile foundation checking signals[J].Geotechnical Engineering World,2008,11(2):65–66.(in Chinese))
[25]黎正根,龚育龄.波在大直径桩中传播的三维效应现象[J].岩石力学与工程学报,1998,17(4):434–439.(LI Zheng-gen,GONG Yu-ling.Discussion on three mensional effect of wave propagating in the pile with large diameter[J].Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,1998,17(4):434–439.(in Chinese))
[26]陈凡,王仁军.尺寸效应对基桩低应变完整性检测的影响[J].岩土工程学报,1998,20(5):92–96.(CHEN Fan,WANG Ren-jun.Dimension effect on low strain integrity testing of piles[J].Chinese Journal of Geotechnical Engineering,1998,20(5):92–96.(in Chinese))
[2]旺昕,刘誉,徐辉.沉渣对低应变曲线影响的仿真分析[J].土工基础,2009,23(3):74–76.(WANG Xin,LIU Yu,XU Hui.Numeral analysis of low strain curves influenced by dregginess[J].Soil Engineering And Foundation,2009,23(3):74–76.(in Chinese))
[3]吴继敏,董志高,董平.钻孔灌注桩桩底沉渣对桩承载性状影响[J].解放军理工大学学报(自然科学版),2008,9(5):546–551.(WU Ji-min,DONG Zhi-gao,DONG Ping.Influence of bottom sediment on the bearing capacity of pedrilled cast-in-place pile[J].Journal of PLA University of Science and Technology,2008,9(5):546–551.(in Chinese))
[4]刘煜洲,刘东甲,王英杰.嵌岩桩与含沉渣桩低应变动力检测曲线理论计算方法与特征研究[J].物探化探计算技术,2003,25(2):97–104.(LIU Yu-zhou,LIU Dong-jia,WANG Ying-jie.The theoretical calculation and characteristic study in low strain dynamic testing of pile embeded in rock and pile with dregs[J].Computing Techniques for Geophysical and Geochemical Exploration,2003,25(2):97–104.(in Chinese))
[5]EL NAGGAR M H,NOVAK M.Nonlinear axial interaction in pile dynamics[J].Journal of Geotechnical Engineering,ASCE,1994,120(4):678–696.
[6]王奎华,谢康和,曾国熙.有限长桩受迫振动问题解析解及其应用[J].岩土工程学报,1997,19(6):27–35.(WANG Kui-hua,XIE Kang-he,ZENG Guo-xi.Analytical solution to vibration of finite length pile under exciting force and its application[J].Chinese Journal of Geotechnical Engineering,1997,19(6):27–35.(in Chinese))
[7]胡昌斌,王奎华,谢康和.基于平面应变假定基桩振动理论适用性研究[J].岩土工程学报,2003,25(5):595–601.(HU Chang-bin,WANG Kui-hua,XIE Kang-he.Study on theories of axial response of dynamically loaded single piles based on plane strain assumption[J].Chinese Journal of Geotechnical Engineering,2003,25(5):595–601.(in Chinese))
[8]李强,王奎华,谢康和.饱和土中端承桩纵向振动特性研究[J].力学学报,2004,36(4):435–442.(LI Qiang,WANG Kui-hua,XIE Kang-he.Vertical vibration of an end bearing pile embedded in saturated soil[J].Acta Mechnica Sinica,2004,36(4):435–442.(in Chinese))
[9]王海东,尚守平.瑞利波作用下径向非匀质地基中的单桩竖向响应研究[J].振动工程学报,2006,19(2):258–264.(WANG Hai-dong,SHANG Shou-ping.Research on vertical dynamic response of single-pile in radically inhomogeneous soil during the passage of Rayleigh waves[J].Journal of Vibration Engineering,2006,19(2):258–264.(in Chinese))
[10]NOGAMI T,KONGAI K.Time domain axial response of dynamically loaded single piles[J].Journal of Engineering Mechanics Division,ASCE,1986(112):1241–1252.
[11]王奎华,谢康和,曾国熙.变截面阻抗桩受迫振动问题解析解及应用[J].土木工程学报,1998,31(6):56–67.(WANG Kui-hua,XIE Kang-he,ZENG Guo-xi.An analytical solution to forced vibration of foundation pile with variable section impedance and its application[J].China Civil Engineering Journal,1998,31(6):56–67.(in Chinese))
[12]刘东甲.不均匀土中多缺陷桩的轴向动力响应[J].岩土工程学报,2000,22(4):391–395.(LIU Dong-jia.Dynamic axial response of multi-defective piles in nonhomogeneous soil[J].Chinese Journal of Geotechnical Engineering,2000,22(4):391–395.(in Chinese))
[13]孔德森,栾茂田,杨庆.桩土相互作用分析中的动态Winkler模型研究评述[J].世界地震工程,2005,21(1):12–17.(KONG De-sen,LUAN Mao-tian.YANG Qing.Review of dynamic Winkler model appfied in pile-soil interaction analyses[J].World Earthquake Engineering,2005,21(1):12–17.(in Chinese))
[14]LYSMER J,RICHARD F E.Dynamic response of footings to vertical loading[J].Journal of the Soil Mechanics and Foundations Division,ASCE,1966(92):65–91.
[15]RANDOLPH M F,DEEKS A J.Dynamic and static soil models for axial response[C]//Proc 4th Int Conf on the Application of Stress Wave Theory to Piles,The Hague,1992:3–14.
[16]GAZETAS G,MAKRIS N.Dynamic pile-soil-pile interaction.PartⅠ:analysis of axial vibration[J].Earthquake Engineering and Structure Dynamic,1991,20(1):115–132.
[17]ZENG X,RAJAPAKSE R K N D.Dynamic axial load transfer from elastic bar to poroelastic medium[J].Journal of Engineering Mechanics,ASCE,1999,125(9):1048–1055.
[18]MUKI R,STERNBERG E.Electrostatic load transfer to a half space from a partially embedded axially loaded rod[J].International Journal of Solids and Structures,1970(6):69–90.
[19]MILITANO G,RAJAPAKSE R K N D.Dynamic response of a pile in a multi-layered soil to transient torsional and axial loading[J].Geotechnique,1999,49(1):91–109.
[20]CAI Y Q,CHEN G,XU C J,WU D Z.Torsional response of pile embedded in a poroelastic medium[J].Soil Dynamics and Earthquake Engineering,2006(26):1143–1148.
[21]WANG G C,GE W,PAN X D,et al.Torsional vibrations of single piles embedded in saturated medium[J].Computers and Geotechnics,2008(35):11–21.
[22]杨冬英.复杂非均质土中桩土竖向振动理论研究[D].杭州:浙江大学,2009.(YANG Dong-ying.Study on pile vertical vibration in inhomogeneous soil[D].Hangzhou:Zhejiang University,2009.(in Chinese))
[23]GB50202—2002建筑地基基础工程施工质量验收规范[S].2002.(GB50202—2002 Code for acceptance of construction quality of building foundation[S].2002.(in Chinese))
[24]景胜.嵌岩桩桩底低应变反射波曲线特征及实例分析[J].岩土工程界,2008,11(2):65–66.(JING Sheng.Low strain reflective wave curves of Inserted Pile Bottom in Pile foundation checking signals[J].Geotechnical Engineering World,2008,11(2):65–66.(in Chinese))
[25]黎正根,龚育龄.波在大直径桩中传播的三维效应现象[J].岩石力学与工程学报,1998,17(4):434–439.(LI Zheng-gen,GONG Yu-ling.Discussion on three mensional effect of wave propagating in the pile with large diameter[J].Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,1998,17(4):434–439.(in Chinese))
[26]陈凡,王仁军.尺寸效应对基桩低应变完整性检测的影响[J].岩土工程学报,1998,20(5):92–96.(CHEN Fan,WANG Ren-jun.Dimension effect on low strain integrity testing of piles[J].Chinese Journal of Geotechnical Engineering,1998,20(5):92–96.(in Chinese))
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