较硬地层中旋进触探技术应用可行性研究
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摘要
为了突破由于静力触探机械动力不足而使触探技术无法应用到较硬土层或软岩的限制,对墙体砌块试样用角片式探头在室内旋进式触探仪上进行不同探入速度和旋转速度控制条件下的试验,以模拟较硬地层的旋进式触探试验。测试所得的轴向压力和扭矩值随探入深度的变化可分成3个阶段:初探段、上升段和平稳段。对试验结果进行比较分析,证实了将圆锥探头单纯地压入岩土体的方式,改变为具有切削功能的探头,被旋转压入岩土体的探入方式能在现有机械设备的探入动力条件下实现探头在较硬土层及软岩中探入。从理论和室内试验两方面验证了探入方式的改变是确保探头在坚硬黄土、冻土及软岩地区顺利平衡地探测的有效措施。
The building blocks were drilled by the triangle-shaped probe unit with different rotational speed and penetration speed on the rotary penetration apparatus in the laboratory in order to study the influence of cutting action and penetration mode on penetration resistance.The data of axial pressure and torque as well as depth of penetration were collected during the test.The typical S-shaped result curve between axial pressure,torque and the depth of penetration is composed of three parts,which are starting,climbing and steady part.The conclusion was reached by analyzing the laboratory test data that the different penetration methods from CPT enables the probe unit to be pressed in soft rock or hard soil with available mechanical equipment.Theoretical analysis and laboratory tests indicate that the way of probe unit with cutting edge is rotated during being pushing in is an efficient measure for probe unit to go smoothly through the harder strata such as hard loess,soft rock and frozen soil.
The building blocks were drilled by the triangle-shaped probe unit with different rotational speed and penetration speed on the rotary penetration apparatus in the laboratory in order to study the influence of cutting action and penetration mode on penetration resistance.The data of axial pressure and torque as well as depth of penetration were collected during the test.The typical S-shaped result curve between axial pressure,torque and the depth of penetration is composed of three parts,which are starting,climbing and steady part.The conclusion was reached by analyzing the laboratory test data that the different penetration methods from CPT enables the probe unit to be pressed in soft rock or hard soil with available mechanical equipment.Theoretical analysis and laboratory tests indicate that the way of probe unit with cutting edge is rotated during being pushing in is an efficient measure for probe unit to go smoothly through the harder strata such as hard loess,soft rock and frozen soil.
引文
[1]孟高头.土体原位测试机制、方法及其工程应用[M].北京:地质出版社,1997.
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[8]SCHNEIDER JAMES A,XU Xiang-tao,LEHANE BARRY M.Database Assessment of CPT-based design methods for axial capacity of driven piles in siliceous sands[J].Journal of Geotechnical&Geoenvironmental Engineering,2008,134(9):1227-1244.
[9]湛川,高文龙,周旭荣,等.黄骅港湾地区真空预压处理后地基静力触探研究[J].岩土力学,2006,27(12):2273-2276.ZHAN Chuan,GAO Wen-long,ZHOU Xu-rong,et al.Static cone penetration test study of soft soils aftervacuum preloading in Huanghua port area[J].Rock and Soil Mechanics,2006,27(12):2273-2276.
[10]刘仰韶,田卿燕,吕建兵.静力触探检测公路桥涵台背回填中粗砂的机制研究[J].岩土力学,2006,27(1):141-146.LIU Yang-shao,TIAN Qing-yan,LüJian-bing.Study on static penetration mechanism to test bridge abutment back-sand fill[J].Rock and Soil Mechanics,2006,27(1):141-146.
[11]YUNG-MOOK NA,VICTOR CHOA,CEE-ING TEH,et al.Geotechnical parameters of reclaimed sandfill from the cone penetration test[J].Canadian Geotechnical Journal,2005,42(1):91-109.
[12]蔡国军,刘松玉,童立元,等.基于静力触探测试的国内外砂土液化判别方法[J].岩石力学与工程学报,200827(5):1019-1027.CAI Guo-jun,LIU Song-yu,TONG Li-yuan,et al.Evaluation of liquefaction of sandy soils based on cone penetration test[J].Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,2008,27(5):1019-1027.
[13]张继红,顾国荣.双桥静力触探法判别上海薄夹层黏土地基液化研究[J].岩土力学,2005,26(10):1652-1656.ZHANG Ji-hong,GU Guo-rong.Study of CPT for liquefaction estimation of sands withthin clay interlayer in Shanghai Area[J].Rock and Soil Mechanics,2005,26(10):1652-1656.
[14]LAI Sheng-yao,CHANG Wen-jong,LIN Ping-sien.Logistic regression model for evaluating soil liquefaction probability using CPT data[J].Journal of Geotechnical and Geoenvironmental Engineering,2006,132(6):694-704.
[15]毛玉坤,刘奉银,李宁,等.CPT理论分析及提高触探能力的新思路[J].西北地震学报,2007,29(1):40-45.MAO Yu-kun,LIU Feng-yin,LI Ning,et al.CPT theory analysis and a new idea for improving penetration capability[J].Northwestern Seismological Journal,2007,29(1):40-45.
[16]刘奉银,罗士梅,李宁.西安黄土的新型旋转触探室内试验研究[J].西安理工大学学报,2008,24(3):316-319.LIU Feng-yin,LUO Shi-mei,LI Ning.The laboratory experimental research on Xi’an loess with a new apparatus of rotary penetration[J].Journal of Xi’an University of Technology,2008,24(3):316-319.
[17]李宁,宋玲,刘奉银.围岩力学参数现场测试系统:中国,200810236566.9[P].2008-12-31.
[2]杜学玲,杨俊彪,张喜发.沙漠砂抗剪强度指标与原位测试指标关系研究[J].岩土力学,2005,26(5):837-840.DU Xue-ling,YANG Jun-biao,ZHANG Xi-fa.Research on relationships between shear strength index and in-situ indexes of desert soil[J].Rock and Soil Mechanics,2005,26(5):837-840.
[3]简文彬,吴振祥,刘慧明,等.闽东南沿海地区软土静力触探参数相关分析[J].岩土力学,2005,26(5):733-738.JIAN Wen-bin,WU Zhen-xiang,LIU Hui-ming,et al.Correlation analysis of static sounding parameter of soft soil along coastal area of Southeast Fujian Province[J].Rock and Soil Mechanics,2005,26(5):733-738.
[4]GHAFGHAZI MOHSEN,SHUTTLE DAWN A.Evaluation of soil state from SBP and CPT:A case history[J].Canadian Geotechnical Journal,2008,45(6):824-844.
[5]刘松玉,蔡国军,童立元,等.基于CPTU测试的先期固结压力确定方法试验研究[J].岩土工程学报,2007,29(4):490-495.LIU Song-yu,CAI Guo-jun,TONG Li-yuan,et al.On preconsolidation pressure of clays from piezocone tests[J].Chinese Journal of Geotechnical Engineering,2007,29(4):490-495.
[6]魏杰.静力触探确定桩承载力的理论方法[J].岩土工程学报,1994,16(3):103-111.WEI Jie.Theoretical method for determining the bearing capacity of pile from static cone penetration[J].Chinese Journal of Geotechnical Engineering,1994,16(3):103-111.
[7]吴全山,田桂英,要金荣.用静力触探确定地基承载力的概率统计方法[J].河北农业大学学报,1998,21(3):89-93.WU Quan-shan,TIAN Gui-ying,YAO Jing-rong.Evaluating bearing capacity of ground with CPT based on probabilistic and statistic method[J].Journal of Agricultural University of Hebei,1998,21(3):89-93.
[8]SCHNEIDER JAMES A,XU Xiang-tao,LEHANE BARRY M.Database Assessment of CPT-based design methods for axial capacity of driven piles in siliceous sands[J].Journal of Geotechnical&Geoenvironmental Engineering,2008,134(9):1227-1244.
[9]湛川,高文龙,周旭荣,等.黄骅港湾地区真空预压处理后地基静力触探研究[J].岩土力学,2006,27(12):2273-2276.ZHAN Chuan,GAO Wen-long,ZHOU Xu-rong,et al.Static cone penetration test study of soft soils aftervacuum preloading in Huanghua port area[J].Rock and Soil Mechanics,2006,27(12):2273-2276.
[10]刘仰韶,田卿燕,吕建兵.静力触探检测公路桥涵台背回填中粗砂的机制研究[J].岩土力学,2006,27(1):141-146.LIU Yang-shao,TIAN Qing-yan,LüJian-bing.Study on static penetration mechanism to test bridge abutment back-sand fill[J].Rock and Soil Mechanics,2006,27(1):141-146.
[11]YUNG-MOOK NA,VICTOR CHOA,CEE-ING TEH,et al.Geotechnical parameters of reclaimed sandfill from the cone penetration test[J].Canadian Geotechnical Journal,2005,42(1):91-109.
[12]蔡国军,刘松玉,童立元,等.基于静力触探测试的国内外砂土液化判别方法[J].岩石力学与工程学报,200827(5):1019-1027.CAI Guo-jun,LIU Song-yu,TONG Li-yuan,et al.Evaluation of liquefaction of sandy soils based on cone penetration test[J].Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,2008,27(5):1019-1027.
[13]张继红,顾国荣.双桥静力触探法判别上海薄夹层黏土地基液化研究[J].岩土力学,2005,26(10):1652-1656.ZHANG Ji-hong,GU Guo-rong.Study of CPT for liquefaction estimation of sands withthin clay interlayer in Shanghai Area[J].Rock and Soil Mechanics,2005,26(10):1652-1656.
[14]LAI Sheng-yao,CHANG Wen-jong,LIN Ping-sien.Logistic regression model for evaluating soil liquefaction probability using CPT data[J].Journal of Geotechnical and Geoenvironmental Engineering,2006,132(6):694-704.
[15]毛玉坤,刘奉银,李宁,等.CPT理论分析及提高触探能力的新思路[J].西北地震学报,2007,29(1):40-45.MAO Yu-kun,LIU Feng-yin,LI Ning,et al.CPT theory analysis and a new idea for improving penetration capability[J].Northwestern Seismological Journal,2007,29(1):40-45.
[16]刘奉银,罗士梅,李宁.西安黄土的新型旋转触探室内试验研究[J].西安理工大学学报,2008,24(3):316-319.LIU Feng-yin,LUO Shi-mei,LI Ning.The laboratory experimental research on Xi’an loess with a new apparatus of rotary penetration[J].Journal of Xi’an University of Technology,2008,24(3):316-319.
[17]李宁,宋玲,刘奉银.围岩力学参数现场测试系统:中国,200810236566.9[P].2008-12-31.
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