计算思维的研究及其进展
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摘要
计算思维是当前国际计算机界广为关注的一个重要概念,也是当前计算机教育需要重点研究的重要课题。国内外计算机界、社会学界以及哲学界的广大学者对这一课题进行了广泛的研究与探讨,取得了一些积极的成果,但仍有分歧。首先以时间为线索,根据计算思维的形成特点,提出了萌芽时期、奠基时期和混沌时期的阶段划分方法,对计算思维的形成和发展过程进行了全面的分析,给出了计算思维演化进程的一个全景视图;然后重点综述了计算思维的关键内容,包括计算思维的概念、计算思维的原理以及计算思维在教学中的应用等,并进行了总结。最后,结合已有的研究成果,展望了计算思维未来的研究方向及其面对的挑战。
Computational thinking is an widely-concerned and important concept in current international computer community,and it is an important issue which needs to be researched by current computer educational.It has been wildly researched and discussed by many domestic and overseas scholars in computer community,academic and philosophical circles on this subject,although there are some positive results,but the differences are still widely remained.Firstly,according to the clues in time and the characters of the formation of computational thinking,a method of phases was proposed by the article basic on its infancy,foundation and chaos period,it widely analysed the calculation of the formation and development process of the computational thinking and gave a panoramic view of the evolution process of computational thinking.Then,it illuminated the key content of the computational thinking,including the conception,the principium,the application of the computational thinking in education,and it summaried the computational thinking.Based on the existing research results,we made a vista of the future research direction of the computational thinking and its challenges.
Computational thinking is an widely-concerned and important concept in current international computer community,and it is an important issue which needs to be researched by current computer educational.It has been wildly researched and discussed by many domestic and overseas scholars in computer community,academic and philosophical circles on this subject,although there are some positive results,but the differences are still widely remained.Firstly,according to the clues in time and the characters of the formation of computational thinking,a method of phases was proposed by the article basic on its infancy,foundation and chaos period,it widely analysed the calculation of the formation and development process of the computational thinking and gave a panoramic view of the evolution process of computational thinking.Then,it illuminated the key content of the computational thinking,including the conception,the principium,the application of the computational thinking in education,and it summaried the computational thinking.Based on the existing research results,we made a vista of the future research direction of the computational thinking and its challenges.
引文
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[31]何明昕.关注点分离在计算思维和软件工程中的方法论意义[J].计算机科学,2009,36(4):60-63
[32]廖伟志,李文敬,王汝凉.计算思维在离散数学课堂教学中的应用[J].计算机科学,2008,35(11专辑)
[33]李芳,李一媛,杨兵.计算思维在《图像处理》课程中的实践及应用[J].计算机科学,2008,35(11专辑)
[34]詹姆斯.格雷.http://202.207.0.245:9001/jisuanjifazhanshi/tuling/33.htm
[2]周以真.计算思维[J].中国计算机学会通讯,2007,3(11)
[3]CS2001Interim Review[EB/OL].http://wiki.acm.org/cs2001/index.php?title=main_page,2008
[4]Philips P.Computational Thinking:Aproblem-solving tool for-every classroom[EB/OL].http://www.csta.acre.org/Re-sources/sub/ResourceFiles/ComputationalThinking.pdf,2008
[5]Cyber-enabled Discovery and Innovation(CDI)[EB/OL].ht-tp://www.nsf.gov/crssprgm/cdi/
[6]董荣胜,古天龙.计算思维与计算机方法论[J].计算机科学,2009,36(1):1-4,42
[7]Bundy A.Computational Thinking is Pervasive[J].Journal ofScientific and Practical Computing,Noted Reviews,2007,1(2):67-69
[8]BCS.The science of thinking:Europe’s next policy challenge[EB/OL].http://www.sciencebusiness.net/documents/think-ing.pdf,2008
[9]王飞跃博客.http://www.sciencetimes.com.cn/u/王飞跃/
[10]王飞跃.从计算思维到计算文化[J].中国计算机学会通讯,2007,3(11)
[11]王飞跃.计算思维与计算文化[N].科学时报,2007-10-12
[12]全国“计算思维与计算机导论”专题学术研讨会记要[EB/OL].http://www.gljpkc.com/jsjkxdl/fushe4.asp
[13]学习成长与计算思维——2008年暨南大学研究生文化艺术节系列讲座[EB/OL].http://gs.jnu.edu.cn/ReadNews.asp?NewsID=848
[14]在NOI2009开幕式和NOI 25周年纪念会上的讲话[EB/OL].http://www.student.gov.cn/bjnoi/aosaidt/bjdt/247774.shtml
[15]李国杰.中国信息技术已到转变发展模式关键时刻[EB/OL].http://www.ict.ac.cn/xwzx/mtwz/200911/t20091109_2650735.html
[16]YOCSEF哈尔滨与哈工大计算机学院青年沙龙共同举办“计算思维”专题论坛[EB/OL].http://www.yocsef.org.cn/mcti/showNews.jsp?newsId=201200000041
[17]计算所召开2010年春季战略规划研讨会[EB/OL].http://search.cas.cn/search
[18]朱亚宗.论计算思维——计算思维的科学定位、基本原理及创新路径[J].计算机科学,2009,36(4):53-55,93
[19]马克思,恩格斯.马克思恩格斯选集(第三卷)《自然辩证法》[M].北京:人民教育出版社
[20]北京大学现代科学与哲学研究中心.钱学森与现代科学技术[M].北京:人民教育出版社,2001:157
[21]钱学森.关于思维科学[M].上海人民出版社,1986:13
[22]黄崇福.信息扩散原理与计算思维及其在地震工程中的应用[M].北京:北京师范大学,1992
[23]董荣胜,古天龙.计算机科学与技术方法论[M].北京:人民邮电出版社,2002(下转第50页)
[24]董荣胜.计算机科学导论——思想与方法[M].北京:高等教育出版社,2007
[25]董荣胜.计算思维与计算机导论[J].计算机科学,2009,36(4):50-52
[26]陈文宇,吴祖峰,罗宗粉,等.计算机专业本科生计算思维能力的培养[C]∥电子科技大学本科教学改革的实践与研究论文集.2005
[27]Wing J M.Five Deep Questions in Computing[J].CACM,es-say,2008,51:158-160
[28]Wing J M.Computational Thinking and Thinking About Com-puting[J].Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society,2008,366:3717-3725
[29]郭喜凤,孙兆豪,赵喜清.论计算思维工程化的层次结构[J].计算机科学,2009,36(4):64-67
[30]石钟慈.第三种科学方法一计算机时代的科学计算[M].北京:清华大学出版社,2000:11
[31]何明昕.关注点分离在计算思维和软件工程中的方法论意义[J].计算机科学,2009,36(4):60-63
[32]廖伟志,李文敬,王汝凉.计算思维在离散数学课堂教学中的应用[J].计算机科学,2008,35(11专辑)
[33]李芳,李一媛,杨兵.计算思维在《图像处理》课程中的实践及应用[J].计算机科学,2008,35(11专辑)
[34]詹姆斯.格雷.http://202.207.0.245:9001/jisuanjifazhanshi/tuling/33.htm
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