古河槽深覆盖层渗流控制措施
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摘要
新疆某水电站工程左岸V级阶地以下分布有3条古河槽,蓄水后左岸存在渗漏问题.采用三维有限元法对坝址区左岸渗流场进行计算分析,评价古河槽砂卵砾石层和副坝的渗透稳定性,并提出了渗流控制措施建议.计算分析表明,1号古河槽仅采用表层黄土进行防渗的方案不能满足渗透稳定性要求,需要增设粘土铺盖或混凝土面板.根据本工程的实际情况,建议采用混凝土面板方案F5,此时砂砾石层的最大渗透坡降为0.101 2,3条古河槽总渗透流量为670万m3/年,可以满足渗透稳定和渗流量的要求.
Three ancient river channels are distributed under V terraces of right bank of a hydropower station.After storage,the left bank exhibits leakage.A 3D finite elements is adopted to calculate seepage field of left bank and evaluate seepage stability of the ancient river bed sand and gravel layer and auxiliary dam.Some seepage control measures are proposed.The result shows that for the ancient river channel #1 surface loess measure can not satisfy requirements of seepage stability.Clay blanket or concrete panels supplement is necessary.According to the project actual situation,the scheme of concrete panels F5 is proposed,while the maximum permeability slope of gravel layer is 0.101 2.Total seepages of the three ancient river channels are 6.7×106 m3 in years that can satisfy seepage stability and seepage.
Three ancient river channels are distributed under V terraces of right bank of a hydropower station.After storage,the left bank exhibits leakage.A 3D finite elements is adopted to calculate seepage field of left bank and evaluate seepage stability of the ancient river bed sand and gravel layer and auxiliary dam.Some seepage control measures are proposed.The result shows that for the ancient river channel #1 surface loess measure can not satisfy requirements of seepage stability.Clay blanket or concrete panels supplement is necessary.According to the project actual situation,the scheme of concrete panels F5 is proposed,while the maximum permeability slope of gravel layer is 0.101 2.Total seepages of the three ancient river channels are 6.7×106 m3 in years that can satisfy seepage stability and seepage.
引文
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[2]沈建,王教辉.古河槽地区水利枢纽的选址[J].江苏水利,2004,(2):16-17.
[3]曹光杰,李彦彦.末次盛冰期长江南京段古河槽特征[J].海洋地质与第四纪地质,2009,29(3):39-42.
[4]杨达源.晚更新世末期以来长江中下游的水位变化[J].第四纪研究,1989,8(1):114-119.
[5]杨达源.晚更新世冰期最盛时长江中下游地区的古环境[J].地理学报,1986,41(4):302-310.
[6]杨怀仁,韩同春,杨达源,等.长江下游晚更新世以来河道变迁的类型与机制[J].南京大学学报(自然科学版),1983,(2):341-350.
[7]杨怀仁,徐馨,杨达源,等.长江中下游环境变迁与地生态系统[M].南京:河海大学出版社,1995:87-93.
[8]方金琪.晚冰期以来海面上升对长江中下游河段影响的数值模拟[J].中国科学(B辑),1990,(8):870-878.
[9]Lacy S J,Prevost J H.Flow through Porous Media:A procedure for locating the free surface[J].Interna-tional Journal for Numerical and Analytical Methods inGeomechanics,1978,11:585-601.
[10]速宝玉,沈振中,赵坚.用变分不等式理论求解渗流问题的截止负压法[J].水利学报,1996,(3):22-29,35.
[11]沈振中,毛春梅.稳定渗流场流网的计算与自动化绘制[J].河海大学学报,1994,22(5):75-77.
[12]沈振中.基于变分不等式理论的渗流计算模型研究[D].南京:河海大学,1993.
[13]刘志伟,申汝涛.钻孔挤密桩处理强湿陷性黄土地基试验研究[J].岩土力学,2009,12(30):339-343.
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