深部煤层卸压爆破防治冲击地压效果的数值模拟研究
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摘要
卸压爆破技术可降低煤岩体中应力集中程度,有效避免冲击地压灾害的发生。以跃进煤矿23 130工作面卸压爆破工程为例,运用FLAC3D软件进行数值模拟,分析了不同条件下卸压爆破前后围岩应力分布和转移规律,并结合电磁辐射监测技术,对采掘现场卸压效果进行了检验。结果表明,装药量越大,应力峰值降低和转移越明显;煤层厚度越大,应力峰值降低越明显,但推移距离基本不变;采深越大,应力峰值降低越大,但峰值区推移距离减小;爆破区域的电磁辐射检测值降低明显,表明卸压爆破效果理想。综合利用数值模拟方法和电磁辐射监测技术,可为采掘区域合理确定爆破参数和有效降低冲击地压危险提供依据。
Blasting pressure relief technology can be applied to reduce the stress concentration of coal-rock mass and avoid the rockburst disasters effectively in coal mine.Taking the working face 23 130 of Yuejin coal mine for example,the effect of blasting pressure relief is simulated by using the fast Lagrangian analysis of continua in 3 dimensions(FLAC3D).Stress distribution of surrounding rock and diversion law under different conditions are studied;and effect of pressure relief on mining site is tested by electromagnetic radiation(EMR) monitoring technology.The result shows that stress peak value decreases and transfer distance increases with the increasing of explosive charge.Stress peak value decreases with the increasing of coal seam thickness,but transfer distance is nearly unchanged.Stress peak value decreases with the increasing of mining depth,but transfer distance decreases.The result of pressure relief is efficient with the decreasing of EMR signals in blasting region.Combining the numerical simulation method and electromagnetic radiation technology,the result provides a basis for selecting reasonable blasting parameters in working face and reducing rockburst risk effectively.
Blasting pressure relief technology can be applied to reduce the stress concentration of coal-rock mass and avoid the rockburst disasters effectively in coal mine.Taking the working face 23 130 of Yuejin coal mine for example,the effect of blasting pressure relief is simulated by using the fast Lagrangian analysis of continua in 3 dimensions(FLAC3D).Stress distribution of surrounding rock and diversion law under different conditions are studied;and effect of pressure relief on mining site is tested by electromagnetic radiation(EMR) monitoring technology.The result shows that stress peak value decreases and transfer distance increases with the increasing of explosive charge.Stress peak value decreases with the increasing of coal seam thickness,but transfer distance is nearly unchanged.Stress peak value decreases with the increasing of mining depth,but transfer distance decreases.The result of pressure relief is efficient with the decreasing of EMR signals in blasting region.Combining the numerical simulation method and electromagnetic radiation technology,the result provides a basis for selecting reasonable blasting parameters in working face and reducing rockburst risk effectively.
引文
[1]齐庆新,窦林名.冲击地压理论与技术[M].徐州:中国矿业大学出版社,2008.
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[5]周林生,樊克恭,刘军,等.冲击地压工作面爆破卸压效果的数值模拟[J].山东科技大学学报,2005,24(4):77-80.ZHOU Lin-sheng,FAN Ke-gong,LIU Jun,et al.Numerical simulation of the effect on pressure relief by blasting in working face with rock burst[J].Journal of Shandong University of Science and Technology,2005,24(4):77-80.
[6]熊祖强,贺怀建.冲击地压应力状态及卸压治理数值模拟[J].采矿与安全工程学报,2006,23(4):489-493.XIONG Zu-qiang,HE Huai-jian.Numerical simulation of rock burst stress and its control by stress-relief[J].Journal of Mining and Safety Engineering,2006,23(4):489-493.
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[8]王伟,李小春,石露,等.深层岩体松动爆破中不耦合装药效应的探讨[J].岩土力学,2008,29(10):2837-2842.WANG Wei,LI Xiao-chun,SHI Lu,et al.Discussion on decoupled charge loosening blasting in deep rock mass[J].Rock and Soil Mechanics,2008,29(10):2837-2842.
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[12]徐颖,孟益平,宗琦,等.断层带爆炸裂隙区范围及裂纹扩展长度的研究[J].岩土力学,2002,23(1):81-84.XU Ying,MENG Yi-ping,ZONG Qi,et al.Study of range of cranny and length of fissure expansion in fault zone[J].Rock and Soil Mechanics,2002,23(1):81-84.
[13]王恩元,何学秋,李忠辉,等.煤岩电磁辐射技术及其应用[M].北京:科学出版社,2009.
[14]王恩元,何学秋,刘贞堂,等.煤岩动力灾害电磁辐射监测仪及其应用[J].煤炭学报,2003,28(4):366-369.WANG En-yuan,HE Xue-qiu,LIU Zhen-tang,et al.Electromagnetic radiation detector of coal or rock dynamic disasters and its application[J].Journal of China Coal Society,2003,28(4):366-369.
[15]王恩元,何学秋,刘贞堂,等.受载岩石电磁辐射特性及其应用研究[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2002,21(10):1473-1477.WANG En-yuan,HE Xue-qiu,LIU Zhen-tang,et al.Study of electromagnetic emission characteristics of loaded rock and its applications[J].Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,2002,21(10):1473-1477.
[16]FRID V.Rock-burst hazard forecast by electromagnetic radiation excited by rock fracture[J].Rock Mechanics and Rock Engineering,1997,30(4):229-236.
[2]杨永良,崔道品,李雅阁.控制巷道变形的卸压爆破法[J].矿山压力与顶板管理,2005,(1):33-35.YANG Yong-liang,CUI Dao-pin,LI Ya-ge.Relieving-shot of controlling the deformation of roadway[J].Ground Pressure and Strata Control,2005,(1):33-35.
[3]窦林名,陆菜平,牟宗龙,等.冲击矿压的强度弱化减冲理论及其应用[J].煤炭学报,2005,30(5):690-694.DOU Lin-ming,LU Cai-ping,MOU Zong-long,et al.Intensity weakening theory for rockburst and its application[J].Journal of China Coal Society,2005,30(5):690-694.
[4]李剑锋,何岗,国兴福.深孔卸压爆破控制冲击地压的机理及应用[J].煤炭科技,2008,(1):75-77.LI Jian-feng,HE Gang,GUO Xing-fu.Mechanism and application of deep hole pressure relief blast to control rock burst[J].Coal Science and Technology Magazine,2008,(1):75-77.
[5]周林生,樊克恭,刘军,等.冲击地压工作面爆破卸压效果的数值模拟[J].山东科技大学学报,2005,24(4):77-80.ZHOU Lin-sheng,FAN Ke-gong,LIU Jun,et al.Numerical simulation of the effect on pressure relief by blasting in working face with rock burst[J].Journal of Shandong University of Science and Technology,2005,24(4):77-80.
[6]熊祖强,贺怀建.冲击地压应力状态及卸压治理数值模拟[J].采矿与安全工程学报,2006,23(4):489-493.XIONG Zu-qiang,HE Huai-jian.Numerical simulation of rock burst stress and its control by stress-relief[J].Journal of Mining and Safety Engineering,2006,23(4):489-493.
[7]卢旭,张丰,周少华.数值模拟在松动爆破卸压技术中的应用[J].煤炭科学技术,2005,33(8):21-23.LU Xu,ZHANG Feng,ZHOU Shao-hua.Application of digital simulation to vibration blasting and pressure releasing technology[J].Coal Science and Technology,2005,33(8):21-23.
[8]王伟,李小春,石露,等.深层岩体松动爆破中不耦合装药效应的探讨[J].岩土力学,2008,29(10):2837-2842.WANG Wei,LI Xiao-chun,SHI Lu,et al.Discussion on decoupled charge loosening blasting in deep rock mass[J].Rock and Soil Mechanics,2008,29(10):2837-2842.
[9]高金.爆破理论与爆破优化[M].西安:西安地图出版社,1994.
[10]姜鹏飞,唐德高,龙源.不耦合装药爆破对硬岩应力场影响的数值分析[J].岩土力学,2009,30(1):275-279.JIANG Peng-fei,TANG De-gao,LONG Yuan.Numerical analysis of influence of uncoupled explosive-charge structure on stress field in hard rocks[J].Rock and Soil Mechanics,2009,30(1):275-279.
[11]龙源,冯长根,徐全军,等.爆破地震波在岩石介质中传播特性与数值计算研究[J].工程爆破,2000,6(3):1-7.LONG Yuan,FENG Chang-gen,XU Quan-jun,et al.Study of propagation characteristics of blasting seismic waves in a rock medium and numerical calculation[J].Engineering Blasting,2000,6(3):1-7.
[12]徐颖,孟益平,宗琦,等.断层带爆炸裂隙区范围及裂纹扩展长度的研究[J].岩土力学,2002,23(1):81-84.XU Ying,MENG Yi-ping,ZONG Qi,et al.Study of range of cranny and length of fissure expansion in fault zone[J].Rock and Soil Mechanics,2002,23(1):81-84.
[13]王恩元,何学秋,李忠辉,等.煤岩电磁辐射技术及其应用[M].北京:科学出版社,2009.
[14]王恩元,何学秋,刘贞堂,等.煤岩动力灾害电磁辐射监测仪及其应用[J].煤炭学报,2003,28(4):366-369.WANG En-yuan,HE Xue-qiu,LIU Zhen-tang,et al.Electromagnetic radiation detector of coal or rock dynamic disasters and its application[J].Journal of China Coal Society,2003,28(4):366-369.
[15]王恩元,何学秋,刘贞堂,等.受载岩石电磁辐射特性及其应用研究[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2002,21(10):1473-1477.WANG En-yuan,HE Xue-qiu,LIU Zhen-tang,et al.Study of electromagnetic emission characteristics of loaded rock and its applications[J].Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,2002,21(10):1473-1477.
[16]FRID V.Rock-burst hazard forecast by electromagnetic radiation excited by rock fracture[J].Rock Mechanics and Rock Engineering,1997,30(4):229-236.
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