高位厚硬顶板断裂与矿震预测的关系探讨
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摘要
以南屯煤矿9303工作面为工程背景,研究了孤岛"综放"工作面发生矿震的水平应力突变的力学机理。通过将上覆岩层中的各坚硬岩层简化成两对边简支、两对边固支的弹性矩形薄板力学模型,并对固支端施加由采动引起的水平应力,即以水平应力作用下的两对边简支、两对边固支弹性矩形薄板为力学模型,分析了9303工作面上覆坚硬岩层的应力分布,并研究了其极限垮落步距。以此为基础,预测了南屯9303工作面发生矿震并诱发冲击地压的步距,在此基础上对预测的危险区进行了卸压。在预计的位置发生2.6级矿震时,没有造成灾害,证明了厚硬顶板断裂引起的矿震是可以预测的。
Based on the engineering background of No.9303 stope in Nantun Coal mine,the mechanical mechanism of mine quake induced by the mutation of horizontal stress on the isolated island's fully mechanized caving face is studied.By simplifying hard rock in overlying strata into a mechanical model of elastic rectangular thin plates with simply supported and clamped beasms and by imposing horizontal stress caused by extraction to the clamped sides,namely the mechanical model with the elastic rectangular thin plates with simply supported and clamped beams under the action of horizontal stress,the distribution of stress and deflection of the overlying strata of hard rock is analyzed on the caving face of No.9303 stope,and the limitation of the caving step length of the roof of the overlying strata of hard rock is studied.Based on this,the drawing pace which causes coal outburst induced by mine quake is predicted.Then the pressure is released for the predicted dangerous areas.When 2.6-level mine quake happens in the predicted areas,there is no disaster,which proves that the mine quake caused by the crack of the roof of the thick layer may be predicted.
Based on the engineering background of No.9303 stope in Nantun Coal mine,the mechanical mechanism of mine quake induced by the mutation of horizontal stress on the isolated island's fully mechanized caving face is studied.By simplifying hard rock in overlying strata into a mechanical model of elastic rectangular thin plates with simply supported and clamped beasms and by imposing horizontal stress caused by extraction to the clamped sides,namely the mechanical model with the elastic rectangular thin plates with simply supported and clamped beams under the action of horizontal stress,the distribution of stress and deflection of the overlying strata of hard rock is analyzed on the caving face of No.9303 stope,and the limitation of the caving step length of the roof of the overlying strata of hard rock is studied.Based on this,the drawing pace which causes coal outburst induced by mine quake is predicted.Then the pressure is released for the predicted dangerous areas.When 2.6-level mine quake happens in the predicted areas,there is no disaster,which proves that the mine quake caused by the crack of the roof of the thick layer may be predicted.
引文
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[16]LUO X,HATHERLY P.Application of microseismic monitoring to characterise geomechnic conditions in longwall mining[J].Exploration Geophysics,1998(29):489-493.
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[20]姜福兴,张兴民,杨淑华.长壁采场覆岩空间结构探讨[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2006,25(5):975-984.(JIANG Fu-xing,ZHANG Xing-min,YANG Shu-hua.Discussion on overlying strata spatial structures of longwall in coal mine[J].Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,2006,25(5):975-984.(in Chinese))
[2]窦林名,何烨,张卫东.孤岛工作面冲击矿压危险及其控制[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2003,22(11):1866-1869.(DOU lin-ming,HE Ye,ZHANG Wei-dong.Hazards of rock burst in island coal face and its control[J].Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,2003,22(11):1866-1869.(in Chinese))
[3]潘一山,李忠华,章梦涛.我国冲击地压分布、类型、机制及防治研究[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2003,22(11):1844-1851.(PAN Yi-shan,LI Zhong-hua,ZHANG Meng-tao.Distribution,type,mechanism and prevention of rock burst in China[J].Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,2003,22(11):1844-1851.(in Chinese))
[4]钱鸣高,缪协兴,许家林.岩层控制中的关键层理论研究[J].煤炭学报,1996,21(3):225-230.(QIAN Ming-gao,MIAO Xie-xing,XU Jia-lin.Theoretical study of key stratum in ground control[J].Journal of China Coal Society,1996,21(3):225-230.(in Chinese))
[5]钱鸣高,刘听成.矿山压力及其控制[M].北京:煤炭工业出版社,1991.(QIAN Ming-gao,LIU Ting-cheng.Mining pressure and control[M].Beijing:Coal Industry Press,1991.(in Chinese))
[6]陈炎光,钱鸣高.中国煤矿采场围岩控制[M].徐州:中国矿业大学出版社,1994.(CHEN Yan-guang,QING Ming-gao.Surrounding rock control in coal face in China[M].Xuzhou:China University of Mining and Technology Press,1994.(in Chinese))
[7]侯忠杰.浅埋煤层关键层研究[J].煤炭学报,1999,24(4):359-363.(HOU Zhong-jie.Study on key stratum in shallow seam[J].Journal of China Coal Society,1999,24(4):359-363.(in Chinese))
[8]钱鸣高,缪协兴,许家林.岩层控制的关键层理论[M].徐州:中国矿业大学出版社,2000.(QIAN Ming-gao,MIAO Xie-xing,XU Jian-lin.Key stratum in ground control[M].Xuzhou:China University of Mining and Technology Press,2000.(in Chinese))
[9]贾喜荣,翟英达.采场薄板矿压理论与实践综述[J].矿山压力与顶板管理,1999,3(4):25-29.(JIA Xi-rong,ZHAI Ying-da.The review of ground pressure theory of thin slab in coal mining and its application[J].Ground Pressure and Strata Control,1999,3(4):25-29.(in Chinese))
[10]林海飞,李树刚,成连华,等.基于薄板理论的采场覆岩关键层的判别方法[J].煤炭学报,2008(10):1081-1085.(LIN Hai-fei,LI Shu-gang,CHENG Lian-hua,et al.Key layer distinguishing method of overlying strata based on the thin slab theory[J].Journal of China Coal Society,2008(10):1081-1085.(in Chinese))
[11]SZILARD R.板的理论和分析[M].陈太平,戈鹤翔,周孝贤,译.北京:中国铁道出版社,1984.(SZILARD R.Theory and analysis of slab[M].CHEN Tai-ping,GE He-xiang,ZHOU Xiao-xian,trans.Beijing:China Railway Publishing House,1984.(in Chinese))
[12]梁兴复,曲庆璋.弹性矩形板的一般精确解[J].长安大学学报(自然科学版),1992,1:53-62.(LIANG Xing-fu,QU Qing-zhang.The general exact solution of elastic rectangular plates[J].Journal of Changan University(Natural Science Edition),1992,1:53-62.(in Chinese))
[13]姜福兴.薄板力学解在坚硬顶板采场的适用范围[J].西安科技大学学报,1991(2):12-19.(JIANG Fu-xing.Application range of thin plate mechanics solution in hard roof of working face[J].Journal of Xi'an University of Science and Technology,1991(2):12-19.(in Chinese))
[14]许家林,钱鸣高.覆岩关键层位置的判别方法[J].中国矿业大学学报,2000,29(5):463-467.(XU Jia-lin,QIAN Ming-gao.Method to distinguish key strata in overburden[J].Journal of China University of Mining&Technology,2000,29(5):463-467.(in Chinese))
[15]姜福兴,杨淑华,XUN LUO.微地震监测揭示的采场围岩空间破裂形态[J].煤炭学报,2003,28(4):357-360.(JIANG Fu-xing,YANG Shu-hua,XUN LUO.Spatial fracturing progresses of surrounding rock masses in longwall face monitored by microseismic monitoring techniques[J].Journal of China Coal Society,2003,28(4):357-360.(in Chinese))
[16]LUO X,HATHERLY P.Application of microseismic monitoring to characterise geomechnic conditions in longwall mining[J].Exploration Geophysics,1998(29):489-493.
[17]肖和平.煤矿构造矿震机理[J].湖南地质,1999,18(2/3):141-146.(XIAO He-ping.Mechanism of the tectonic mine earthquake in coal district[J].Hunan Geology,1999,18(2/3):141-146.(in Chinese))
[18]窦林名,何学秋.冲击矿压与震动的机理及预报研究[J].矿山压力与顶板管理,1999(3/4):199-203.(DOU Ling-ming,HE Xue-qiu.The mechanism of rock burst and seismic waves and its preventation[J].Ground Pressure and Strata Control,1999(3/4):199-203.(in Chinese))
[19]谷新建.冒落型矿震成因机理的研究[J].中国安全科学学报,2002,12(2):60-64.(GU Xin-jian.Origin and mechanism of mine tremor due to falling-in[J].China Safety Science Journal,2002,12(2):60-64.(in Chinese))
[20]姜福兴,张兴民,杨淑华.长壁采场覆岩空间结构探讨[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2006,25(5):975-984.(JIANG Fu-xing,ZHANG Xing-min,YANG Shu-hua.Discussion on overlying strata spatial structures of longwall in coal mine[J].Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,2006,25(5):975-984.(in Chinese))
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