高应力区露天转地下开采岩体移动规律
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摘要
以金川龙首矿为例,基于2003―2008年长达12期的GPS实测数据,按照时空分布比较分析总体变形趋势,得出整个矿区的地表沉降特征、平面位移特征、行线(勘探线)随时间变化的沉降和平面位移特征。据此分析了以水平构造应力为主导的高应力区露天转地下开采引起岩体的变形规律,并与该矿闭坑之初的变形规律比较,通过理论分析的方法对产生差异的原因进行初步解释,并用数值模拟的方法加以验证,其研究结果对认识露天转地下开采引起的岩体移动、破坏特征,指导矿区安全生产有积极意义。
Based on the global positioning system(GPS) monitoring data from 2003 to 2008,tendencies of general deformation of the open-pit,No.1 Mine of Jinchuan Nickel Mine,are analyzed and compared according to spatial and temporal distribution;ground subsidence and horizontal displacement features of the mine area as well as the subsidence and horizontal displacement characteristics of the prospecting line varying with time are obtained.Deformation laws of rock mass due to transform from open-pit to underground mining in high stress area,where horizontal tectonic stress is dominant,are studied in comparison with deformation rules of the open-pit of transition period;theoretical analysis and numerical simulation are introduced to explain the reason of the difference.The results are conducive to understand the characteristics of rock mass movement and failure caused by transition from open-pit to underground mining and to guide safe production in mine area.
Based on the global positioning system(GPS) monitoring data from 2003 to 2008,tendencies of general deformation of the open-pit,No.1 Mine of Jinchuan Nickel Mine,are analyzed and compared according to spatial and temporal distribution;ground subsidence and horizontal displacement features of the mine area as well as the subsidence and horizontal displacement characteristics of the prospecting line varying with time are obtained.Deformation laws of rock mass due to transform from open-pit to underground mining in high stress area,where horizontal tectonic stress is dominant,are studied in comparison with deformation rules of the open-pit of transition period;theoretical analysis and numerical simulation are introduced to explain the reason of the difference.The results are conducive to understand the characteristics of rock mass movement and failure caused by transition from open-pit to underground mining and to guide safe production in mine area.
引文
[1]郭金峰.金属矿山露天转地下开采的发展现状与对策[J].云南冶金,2003,32(1):7-10.GUO Jin-feng.Development state and strategy of metal mine transferred from opencast mining into underground mining[J].Yunnan Metallurgy,2003,32(1):7-10.
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[4]吴永博,高谦,王龑明.露天转地下开采高边坡变形监测与稳定性预测[J].矿业研究与开发,2009,29(1):52-54,74.WU Yong-bo,GAO Qian,WANG Yan-ming.Stability forecast and deformation measurement of high slope for transition from open-pit to underground mining[J].Mining Research and Development,2009,29(1):52-54,74.
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[6]赵丽娜.高陡山区露天转地下开采边坡稳定性研究[D].长沙:中南大学,2008.
[7]李扬,梅林芳,周传波.露天转地下崩落法开采对高陡边坡影响的数值模拟[J].矿冶工程,2008,(3):14-18,21.LI Yang,MEI Lin-fang,ZHOU Chuan-bo.Numerical simulation of the influence of caving mining on high and steep rock-slope in the transition from open-pit mining to underground mining[J].Mining and Metallurgical Engineering,2008,(3):14-18,21.
[8]韩现民,李占金,甘德清,等.露天转地下矿山边坡稳定性的数值模拟与敏感度分析[J].金属矿山,2007,(6):8-12.HAN Xian-min,LI Zhan-jin,GAN De-qing,et al.Numerical simulation and sensitivity analysis of slope stability in mine transferred from open pit to underground mining[J].Metal Mine,2007,(6):8-12.
[9]刘辉,陈文胜,冯夏庭,等.大冶铁矿露天转地下开采的离散元数值模拟研究[J].岩土力学,2004,25(9):1413-1417.LIU Hui,CHEN Wen-sheng,FENG Xia-ting,et al.Numerical modeling of daye ion open-pit-mine transferring to underground mining by discrete element method[J].Rock and Soil Mechanics,2004,25(9):1413-1417.
[10]孙世国,蔡美峰,王思敬.露天转地下开采边坡岩体滑移机制的探讨[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2000,19(1):126-129.SUN Shi-guo,CAI Mei-feng,WANG Si-jing.Study of sliding mechanism for slope due to the excavation from open pit into underground mine[J].Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,2000,19(1):126-129.
[11]马凤山,袁仁茂,邓清海,等.金川矿山地表岩移GPS监测及岩体采动影响规律[J].工程地质学报,2007,15(增刊2):84-97.MA Feng-shan,YUAN Ren-mao,DENG Qing-hai,et al.GPS monitoring of ground movement and mechanism of inderground mining in Jinchuan mine[J].Journal of Engineering Geology,2007,15(Supp.2):84-97.
[12]徐嘉谟.金川矿山边坡岩体工程地质力学[M].北京:地震出版社,1998.
[2]宋卫东,杜建华,杨幸才,等.深凹露天转地下开采高陡边坡变形与破坏规律[J].北京科技大学学报,2010,32(2):145-151.SONG Wei-dong,DU Jian-hua,YANG Xing-cai,et al.Deformation and failure of a high steep slope due to transformation from deep open-pit to underground mining[J].Journal of University of Science and Technology Beijing,2010,32(2):145-151.
[3]左治兴.露天转地下开采过程中高陡边坡的稳定性评价与控制技术研究[D].长沙:中南大学,2009.
[4]吴永博,高谦,王龑明.露天转地下开采高边坡变形监测与稳定性预测[J].矿业研究与开发,2009,29(1):52-54,74.WU Yong-bo,GAO Qian,WANG Yan-ming.Stability forecast and deformation measurement of high slope for transition from open-pit to underground mining[J].Mining Research and Development,2009,29(1):52-54,74.
[5]李长洪,王云飞,蔡美峰,等.基于支持向量机的露天转地下开采边坡变形模型[J].北京科技大学学报,2009,31(8):945-950.LI Chang-hong,WANG Yun-fei,CAI Mei-feng,et al.Slope deformation model of metal mines transferred underground mining from open-pit based on support vector machines[J].Journal of University of Science and Technology Beijing,2009,31(8):945-950.
[6]赵丽娜.高陡山区露天转地下开采边坡稳定性研究[D].长沙:中南大学,2008.
[7]李扬,梅林芳,周传波.露天转地下崩落法开采对高陡边坡影响的数值模拟[J].矿冶工程,2008,(3):14-18,21.LI Yang,MEI Lin-fang,ZHOU Chuan-bo.Numerical simulation of the influence of caving mining on high and steep rock-slope in the transition from open-pit mining to underground mining[J].Mining and Metallurgical Engineering,2008,(3):14-18,21.
[8]韩现民,李占金,甘德清,等.露天转地下矿山边坡稳定性的数值模拟与敏感度分析[J].金属矿山,2007,(6):8-12.HAN Xian-min,LI Zhan-jin,GAN De-qing,et al.Numerical simulation and sensitivity analysis of slope stability in mine transferred from open pit to underground mining[J].Metal Mine,2007,(6):8-12.
[9]刘辉,陈文胜,冯夏庭,等.大冶铁矿露天转地下开采的离散元数值模拟研究[J].岩土力学,2004,25(9):1413-1417.LIU Hui,CHEN Wen-sheng,FENG Xia-ting,et al.Numerical modeling of daye ion open-pit-mine transferring to underground mining by discrete element method[J].Rock and Soil Mechanics,2004,25(9):1413-1417.
[10]孙世国,蔡美峰,王思敬.露天转地下开采边坡岩体滑移机制的探讨[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2000,19(1):126-129.SUN Shi-guo,CAI Mei-feng,WANG Si-jing.Study of sliding mechanism for slope due to the excavation from open pit into underground mine[J].Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,2000,19(1):126-129.
[11]马凤山,袁仁茂,邓清海,等.金川矿山地表岩移GPS监测及岩体采动影响规律[J].工程地质学报,2007,15(增刊2):84-97.MA Feng-shan,YUAN Ren-mao,DENG Qing-hai,et al.GPS monitoring of ground movement and mechanism of inderground mining in Jinchuan mine[J].Journal of Engineering Geology,2007,15(Supp.2):84-97.
[12]徐嘉谟.金川矿山边坡岩体工程地质力学[M].北京:地震出版社,1998.
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