采场顶板离层水“静水压涌突水”机理及防治
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摘要
分析了采场顶板离层水涌突水实例,在此基础上分析了离层水形成的基本条件,总结提出了离层水"静水压涌突水"的离层水涌突水类型,探讨了采场顶板离层水"静水压涌突水"的形成机理.采场顶板离层水"静水压涌突水"的主要诱导因素为离层水的静水压力,判别关键是确定采场顶板离层水的静水压力及其可突破的相对隔水层厚度.可通过破坏离层的"封闭性"、超前疏放离层补给水源及离层水3种途径来避免采场顶板离层水的形成及预防离层水涌突水的发生.实际应用了井下离层水导流孔和截流孔两种类型来疏放离层水,经实际应用检验了其可靠性.
We analyze the water-inrush case in roof bed separation of a mining face and the basic formation conditions of water in bed separation.In addition,we summarize the type of water-inrush in bed separation and discuss the mechanism of hydrostatic water-inrush formation in roof bed separation of a mining face.The main induction factor of "hydrostatic water-inrush" in roof bed separation of a coal mine is the hydrostatic pressure.The key point of discrimination for water-inrush is the determination of water in mine roof bed separation and the thickness of relative water-resisting layer.The formation of water in mine roof bed separation and the occurrence of water in bed separation can be avoided through the following three kinds of approaches: 1) destroying the closeness of bed separation;2) dewatering the recharge water source in bed separation before exploitation;and 3) dewatering recharge the water in bed separation before exploitation.The conducting borehole drilling and the closure borehole drilling are used for dewatering in bed separation.The reliability is verified in practical application.
We analyze the water-inrush case in roof bed separation of a mining face and the basic formation conditions of water in bed separation.In addition,we summarize the type of water-inrush in bed separation and discuss the mechanism of hydrostatic water-inrush formation in roof bed separation of a mining face.The main induction factor of "hydrostatic water-inrush" in roof bed separation of a coal mine is the hydrostatic pressure.The key point of discrimination for water-inrush is the determination of water in mine roof bed separation and the thickness of relative water-resisting layer.The formation of water in mine roof bed separation and the occurrence of water in bed separation can be avoided through the following three kinds of approaches: 1) destroying the closeness of bed separation;2) dewatering the recharge water source in bed separation before exploitation;and 3) dewatering recharge the water in bed separation before exploitation.The conducting borehole drilling and the closure borehole drilling are used for dewatering in bed separation.The reliability is verified in practical application.
引文
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[15]高延法,邓智毅,杨忠东,等.覆岩离层带注浆减沉的理论探讨[J].矿山压力与顶板管理,2001,18(4):65-67.GAO Yan-fa,DENG Zhi-yi,YANG Zhong-dong,et al.Study on the theory of subsidence control in o-verburden bed-separation zone[J].Ground Pressureand Strata Control,2001,18(4):65-67.
[16]刘贵,张华兴,徐乃忠,等.实施安全离层注浆的覆岩离层位置初探[J].煤矿开采,2006,11(6):77-79.LIU Gui,ZHANG Hua-xing,XU Nai-zhong,et al.Primary discussion of overburden separating locationfor safe grunting bed separating[J].Coal MiningTechnology,2006,11(6):77-79.
[17]王忠昶,张文泉,赵德深.离层注浆条件下覆岩变形破坏特征的连续探测[J].岩土工程学报,2008,30(7):1094-1098.WANG Zhong-chang,ZHANG Wen-quan,ZHAODe-sheng.Continuous exploration for deformationand failure of overburdens under injecting grouts inseparate layers[J].Chinese Journal of GeotechnicalEngineering,2008,30(7):1094-1098.
[18]煤矿防治水规定[S].北京:煤炭工业出版社,2009.
[19]王争鸣,王经明.新集矿区推覆体下采煤离层水的成因与防治[J].能源技术与管理,2008(3):55-57.WANG Zheng-ming,WANG Jing-ming.Causesand prevention of water in mine roof bed separationinduced by mining under nappe of Xinji mining area[J].Energy Technology and Management,2008(3):55-57.
[2]高延法.岩移“四带”模型与动态位移反分析[J].煤炭学报,1996,21(1):51-55.GAO Yan-fa.“Four-zone”model of rockmass move-ment and back analysis of dynamic displacement[J].Journal of China Coal Society,1996,21(1):51-55.
[3]郝延锦,吴立新,胡金星.采动过程中离层出现的机理研究[J].煤炭技术,1999,18(6):40-41.HAO Yan-jin,WU Li-xin,HU Jin-xing.Mechanismresearch on divided layer in mining[J].Coal Technol-ogy,1999,18(6):40-41.
[4]LIN S.Dsiplacement discontinuities and stress chan-ges between roof strata and their influence on long-wall mining under aquifers[J].Geotechnical and Geo-logical Engineering,1993,11:37-50.
[5]张建全,廖国华.覆岩离层产生的机理及离层计算方法的探讨[J].地下空间,2001,21(5):407-411.ZHANG Jian-quan,LIAO Guo-hua.Investigation onformation mechanism of separated layer of rock cov-ering and calculation method of separated layer[J].Underground Space,2001,21(5):407-411.
[6]赵德深,陈雄,覃丽坤,等.采动覆岩离层的数值模拟研究[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2005,24(增):5164-5167.ZHAO De-shen,CHEN Xiong,TAN Li-kun,et al.Numerical simulation on mining induced bed separa-tion of overlying strata[J].Chinese Journal of RockMechanics and Engineering,2005,24(Supp):5164-5167.
[7]滕永海,阎振斌.采动过程中覆岩离层发育规律的研究[J].煤炭学报,1999,24(1):25-28.TENG Yong-hai,YAN Zhen-bin.Study on law of o-verburden split developping in mining process[J].Journal of China Coal Society,1999,24(1):25-28.
[8]苏仲杰.采动覆岩离层变形机理研究[D].阜新:辽宁工程技术大学资源与环境工程学院,2001.
[9]李伟,李文平,程新明,等.整体结构顶板特大动力突水水害查治方法[M].徐州:中国矿业大学出版社,2008.
[10]郭惟嘉,毛仲玉.覆岩沉陷离层及工程控制[M].北京:地震出版社,1997.
[11]吴侃,王悦汉,邓喀中.采空区上覆岩层移动破坏动态力学模型的应用[J].中国矿业大学学报,2000,29(1):34-36.WU Kan,WANG Yue-han,DENG Ka-zhong.Ap-plication of dynamic mechanics model of overlyingstrata movement and damage above Goaf[J].Jour-nal of China University of Mining&Technology,2000,29(1):34-36.
[12]赵德深,苏仲杰,隋惠全,等.覆岩离层充填减缓地表沉降实验模拟研究[J].煤炭学报,1997,22(6):571-575.ZHAO De-shen,SU Zhong-jie,SUI Hui-quan,etal.The laboratory simulation research of slowingdown the surface subsidence by seperated stratagrout[J].Journal of China Coal Society,1997,22(6):571-575.
[13]赵德深,朱广轶,刘文生,等.覆岩离层分布时空规律的实验研究[J].辽宁工程技术大学学报,2002,21(1):4-7.ZHAO De-shen,ZHU Guang-yi,LIU Wen-sheng,et al.Test study on the space-time laws of overbur-den separated layer[J].Journal of Liaoning Techni-cal University,2002,21(1):4-7.
[14]徐乃忠,马伟民,凌红.离层注浆减沉优化设计原则[J].煤矿设计,1998(8):36-38.XU Nai-zhong,MA Wei-min,LING Hong.Princi-ple of optimization design for grouting into overbur-den separation to reduce subsidence due to coal min-ing[J].Coalmine Design,1998(8):36-38.
[15]高延法,邓智毅,杨忠东,等.覆岩离层带注浆减沉的理论探讨[J].矿山压力与顶板管理,2001,18(4):65-67.GAO Yan-fa,DENG Zhi-yi,YANG Zhong-dong,et al.Study on the theory of subsidence control in o-verburden bed-separation zone[J].Ground Pressureand Strata Control,2001,18(4):65-67.
[16]刘贵,张华兴,徐乃忠,等.实施安全离层注浆的覆岩离层位置初探[J].煤矿开采,2006,11(6):77-79.LIU Gui,ZHANG Hua-xing,XU Nai-zhong,et al.Primary discussion of overburden separating locationfor safe grunting bed separating[J].Coal MiningTechnology,2006,11(6):77-79.
[17]王忠昶,张文泉,赵德深.离层注浆条件下覆岩变形破坏特征的连续探测[J].岩土工程学报,2008,30(7):1094-1098.WANG Zhong-chang,ZHANG Wen-quan,ZHAODe-sheng.Continuous exploration for deformationand failure of overburdens under injecting grouts inseparate layers[J].Chinese Journal of GeotechnicalEngineering,2008,30(7):1094-1098.
[18]煤矿防治水规定[S].北京:煤炭工业出版社,2009.
[19]王争鸣,王经明.新集矿区推覆体下采煤离层水的成因与防治[J].能源技术与管理,2008(3):55-57.WANG Zheng-ming,WANG Jing-ming.Causesand prevention of water in mine roof bed separationinduced by mining under nappe of Xinji mining area[J].Energy Technology and Management,2008(3):55-57.
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