煤系岩石损伤破坏扰动效应试验研究
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摘要
利用建立的煤岩体分级加载扰动试验系统,进行了煤系岩石典型单轴压缩实验、无扰动分级加载试验,以及分别施加不同速率及幅度的扰动载荷的分级加载试验,同步采集声发射(AE)信号,并利用加卸载响应比理论对AE信号进行分析.结果表明,扰动载荷能够使岩石的抗压强度显著降低,施加扰动载荷条件下9个岩样单轴抗压强度降低了20~60 kN(约为单轴极限抗压强度的10%~25%);扰动速率的变化(由650 N/s增至1 kN/s)较载荷大小的变化(由2.5 kN增至5 kN)对岩样强度影响明显;AE能量与加载路径对应良好,其加卸载响应比随载荷水平的增加存在先减小后增大的趋势.
An existing coal and rock step-load perturbation test system was used to carry out typical uniaxial compression tests,non-perturbation step-load tests,and step-load tests with different perturbation rates and ranges on coal rocks.During the tests,AE signals were collected and analyzed using loading-unloading response ratio(LURR) theory.The results show that the compressive strength of the rock decreased dramatically under the conditions of perturbed loads.Nine samples exhibited a decrease in compressive strength of 20-60 kN(about 10% to 25% of the ultimate compression strength).Compared to the load change(from 2.5 kN up to 5 kN),the increase in perturbation rate(from 650 N/s up to 1 kN/s) has a much more obvious influence on the measured rock strength.The AE energy corresponds well with the load route;the loading-unloading response ratio first decreased and then increased with an increase in load level.
An existing coal and rock step-load perturbation test system was used to carry out typical uniaxial compression tests,non-perturbation step-load tests,and step-load tests with different perturbation rates and ranges on coal rocks.During the tests,AE signals were collected and analyzed using loading-unloading response ratio(LURR) theory.The results show that the compressive strength of the rock decreased dramatically under the conditions of perturbed loads.Nine samples exhibited a decrease in compressive strength of 20-60 kN(about 10% to 25% of the ultimate compression strength).Compared to the load change(from 2.5 kN up to 5 kN),the increase in perturbation rate(from 650 N/s up to 1 kN/s) has a much more obvious influence on the measured rock strength.The AE energy corresponds well with the load route;the loading-unloading response ratio first decreased and then increased with an increase in load level.
引文
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[2]高延法,范庆忠,崔希海,等.岩石流变及扰动效应试验研究[M].北京:科学出版社,2007:1-3.
[3]牟宗龙,窦林名,倪兴华,等.顶板岩层对冲击矿压的影响规律研究[J].中国矿业大学学报,2010,39(1):40-44.MU Zong-long,DOU Lin-ming,NI Xing-hua,et al.Research on the influence of roof strata on rock burstrisk[J].Journal of China University of Mining&Technology,2010,39(1):40-44.
[4]左宇军,李夕兵,马春德,等.动静组合载荷作用下岩石失稳破坏的突变理论模型与试验研究[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2005,24(5):741-746.ZUO Yu-jun,LI Xi-bing,MA Chun-de,et al.Cata-strophic model and testing study on failure of staticloadingrock system under dynamic loading[J].Chi-nese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,2005,24(5):741-746.
[5]卢爱红,郁时炼,秦昊,等.应力波作用下巷道围岩层裂结构的稳定性研究[J].中国矿业大学学报,2008,38(6):769-774.LU Ai-hong,YU Shi-lian,QIN Hao,et al.Stabilityof layered crack structure in roadway surroundingrock under stress wave[J].Journal of China Univer-sity of Mining&Technology,2008,38(6):769-774.
[6]卢爱红,茅献彪,赵玉成.动力扰动诱发巷道围岩冲击失稳的能量密度判据[J].应用力学学报,2008,25(4):602-606.LU Ai-hong,MAO Xian-biao,ZHAO Yu-cheng.Criterion of impactive instability of laneway under dy-namic disturbance[J].Chinese Journal of AppliedMechanics,2008,25(4):602-606.
[7]李夕兵,李地元,郭雷,等.动力扰动下深部高应力矿柱力学响应研究[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2007,26(5):922-928.LI Xi-bin,LI Di-yuan,GUO Lei,et al.Study onmechanical response of highly-stresses pillars in deepming under dynamic disturbance[J].Chinese Journalof Rock Mechanics and Engineering,2007,26(5):922-928.
[8]高延法,肖华强,王波,等.岩石流变扰动效应试验及其本构关系研究[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2008,27(增1):3180-3185.GAO Yan-fa,XIAO Hua-qiang,WANG Bo,et al,A Rheological test of sandstone with perturbationeffect and its constitutive relationship study[J].Chi-nese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,2008,27(Supp1):3180-3185.
[9]YIN X C,CHEN X Z,SONG Z P.The load/unloadresponse ratio(LURR)theory and its application toearthquake prediction[J].Journal of Earthquake Pre-diction Research,1994,3(3):325-333.
[10]YIN X C,CHEN X Z,SONG Z P,et al.A newapproach to earthquakeprediction:the load/unloadresponse ratio(LURR)theory[J].Pure and AppliedGeophysics,1995,145(3/4);701-715.
[11]尹祥础,张浪平,张晖辉,等.加卸载响应比20年及其展望[J].国际地震动态,2008,352(4):2-17.YAN Xiang-chu,ZHANG Lang-ping,ZHANGHui-hui,et al.The load/unload response ratio theo-ry 20 years and its prospects[J].Recent Develop-ments in World Seismology,2008,352(4):2-17.
[12]许江,王维忠,杨秀贵,等.细粒砂岩在循环加、卸载条件下变形试验[J].重庆大学学报:自然科学版,2004,27(12):60-62.XU Jiang,WANG Wei-zhong,YANG Xiu-gui,etal.Experimental study on the deformation charac-teristics of fine-sandstone under the loading and un-loading conditions[J].Journal of Chongqing Univer-sity:Natural Science Edition,2004,27(12):60-62.
[13]许江,鲜学福,王鸿,等.循环加、卸载条件下岩石类材料变形特性的实验研究[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2006,25(增1):3040-3045.XU Jiang,XIAN Xue-fu,WANG Hong,et al.Ex-perimental study on rock deformation characteristicsunder cycling loading and unloading conditions[J].Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineer-ing,2006,25(Supp1):3040-3045.
[14]吴献强,丁德馨.周期荷载作用下岩石疲劳损伤性能的分析研究[J].国外建材科技,2006,27(2):42-47.WU Xian-qiang,DING De-xin.Analysis and re-search on rock fatigue performance under cyclicloading[J].Science and Technology of OverseasBuilding Materials,2006,27(2):42-47.
[15]TANG Shou-feng,TONG Min-ming,HU Jun-li,etal.Characteristics of acoustic emission signals indamp cracking coal rocks[J].Mining Science andTechnology,2010,20(1):143-147.
[16]王恩元,何学秋,李忠辉,等.煤岩电磁辐射技术及其应用[M].北京:科学出版社,2009:172-179.
[17]WU Hao,FANG Qin,ZHANG Ya-dong,et al.Zonal disintegration phenomenon in enclosing rockmass surrounding deep tunnels:Elasto-plastic analy-sis of stress field of enclosing rock mass[J].MiningScience and Technology,2009,19(1):84-90.
[18]申维.耗散结构、自组织、突变理论与地球科学[M].北京:地质出版社,2008:5-7.
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