变幅波浪荷载下饱和南京细砂残余孔隙水压力特性
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摘要
利用空心圆柱扭剪仪,针对相对密度Dr=50%的饱和南京细砂,进行三向非均等固结状态下的竖向–扭转耦合加载试验,并通过分级加载较为真实地模拟变幅波浪荷载的作用。分别考察初始主应力方向角、初始偏应力比、初始中主应力参数对残余孔隙水压力与累积损失能量关系的影响,结果表明:在相同累积损失能量下,残余孔隙水压力随着初始主应力方向角及初始偏应力比的增大而减小;随着初始中主应力参数的增大而增大。并初步建立残余孔隙水压力与归一化累积损失能量之间的经验公式。
Cyclic triaxial-torsional coupling shear tests are performed on Nanjing's saturated fine sand,of which the relative density is 50%,under three-directional anisotropic consolidation state by the hollow cylinder apparatus;and step loading is employed to simulate the effect of wave loads with variable amplitudes more realistically.Influences of initial principal stress direction angle,initial deviator stress ratio and initial intermediate principal stress parameter on the relationship between residual pore water pressure and accumulative lost energy are investigated respectively.The results show that with the same accumulative lost energy,the residual pore water pressure decreases with the increasing of initial principal stress direction angle and initial deviator stress ratio;while it increases with the increasing of initial intermediate principal stress parameter.The empirical formula between residual pore water pressure and normalized accumulative lost energy is established preliminarily.
Cyclic triaxial-torsional coupling shear tests are performed on Nanjing's saturated fine sand,of which the relative density is 50%,under three-directional anisotropic consolidation state by the hollow cylinder apparatus;and step loading is employed to simulate the effect of wave loads with variable amplitudes more realistically.Influences of initial principal stress direction angle,initial deviator stress ratio and initial intermediate principal stress parameter on the relationship between residual pore water pressure and accumulative lost energy are investigated respectively.The results show that with the same accumulative lost energy,the residual pore water pressure decreases with the increasing of initial principal stress direction angle and initial deviator stress ratio;while it increases with the increasing of initial intermediate principal stress parameter.The empirical formula between residual pore water pressure and normalized accumulative lost energy is established preliminarily.
引文
[1]ISHIHARA K,TOWHATA I.Sand response to cyclic rotation of principal stress directions as induced by wave loads[J].Soils and Foundations,1983,23(4):11–26.(in Chinese))
[2]ISHIHARA K,YAMAZAKI A.Analysis of wave-induced liquefaction in seabed deposits of sand[J].Soils and Foundations,1984,24(3):85–100.
[3]TOWHATA I,ISHIHARA K.Undrained strength of sand undergoing cyclic rotation of principal stress axes[J].Soils and Foundations,1985,25(2):135–147.
[4]沈瑞福,王洪瑾,周景星.动主应力轴连续旋转下砂土的动强度[J].水利学报,1996,(1):27–33.(SHEN Ruifu,WANG Hongjin,ZHOU Jingxing.Dynamic strength of sand under cyclic rotation of principal stress axes[J].Journal of Hydraulic Engineering,1996(,1):27–33.(in Chinese))
[5]沈瑞福,王洪瑾,周克骥,等.动主应力旋转下砂土孔隙水压力发展及海床稳定性判断[J].岩土工程学报,1994,16(3):70–78.(SHEN Ruifu,WANG Hongjin,ZHOU Keji,et al.Development of pore water pressure under cyclic rotation of principal stress and evaluation of stability of seabed deposit[J].Chinese Journal of Geotechnical Engineering,1994,16(3):70–78.(in Chinese))
[6]郭莹,刘艳华,栾茂田,等.复杂应力条件下饱和松砂振动孔隙水压力增长的能量模式[J].岩土工程学报,2005,27(12):1 380–1 385.(GUO Ying,LIU Yanhua,LUAN Maotian,et al.Energy pattern of vibration-induced pore water pressure development of saturated loose sand under complex stress condition[J].Chinese Journal of Geotechnical Engineering,2005,27(12):1 380–1 385.(in Chinese))
[7]GEORGIANNOU V N,TSOMOKOS A,STAVROU K.Monotonic and cyclic behavior of sand under torsional loading[J].Geotechnique,2008,58(2):113–124.
[8]LADE P V,KIRKGARD M M.Effects of stress rotation and changes of b-values on cross-anisotropic behavior of natural,K0-consolidated soft clay[J].Soils and Foundations,2000,40(6):93–105.
[9]LIN H,PENUMADU D.Experimental investigation on principal stress rotation in kaolin clay[J].Journal of Geotechnical and Geoenvironmental Engineering,ASCE,2005,131(5):633–642.
[10]沈扬.考虑主应力方向变化的原状软黏土试验研究[博士学位论文][D].杭州:浙江大学,2007.(SHEN Yang.Experimental study on effect of variation of principal stress orientation on undisturbed soft clay[Ph.D.Thesis][D].Hangzhou:Zhejiang University,2007.(in Chinese))
[11]GAO Y F,ZHANG J,SHEN Y,et al.Characteristics of pore water pressure of saturated silt under wave loading[J].China Ocean Engineering,2010,24(1):1–10.
[12]孙锐,袁晓铭.非均等固结下饱和砂土孔压增量简化计算公式[J].岩土工程学报,2005,27(9):1 021–1 025.(SUN Rui,YUAN Xiaoming.Simplified formula for estimating pore water pressure increment of saturated sands under anisotropic consolidation[J].Chinese Journal of Geotechnical Engineering,2005,27(9):1 021–1 025.(in Chinese))
[13]SYMES M J P R,GENS A,HIGHT D W.Undrained anisotropoy and principal stress rotation in saturated sand[J].Geotechnique,1984,34(1):11–27.
[14]YOSHIMINE M,ISHIHARA K,VARGAS W.Effects of principal stress direction and intermediate principal stress on undrained shear behavior of sand[J].Soils and Foundations,1998,38(3):179–188.
[15]CHEN G X,PAN H.Effect of initial stress conditions on the threshold shear strain of Nanjing′s saturated fine sand[J].Earthquake Research in China,2010,24(1):128–136.
[16]付磊,王洪瑾,周景星.主应力偏转角对砂砾料动力特性影响的试验研究[J].岩土工程学报,2000,22(4):436–441.(FU Lei,WANG Hongjin,ZHOU Jingxing.Effect of the initial rotation angle of principal stress on the dynamic properties of sand-gravel materials[J].Chinese Journal of Geotechnical Engineering,2000,22(4):436–441.(in Chinese))
[17]郭莹,栾茂田,何杨,等.主应力轴持续旋转条件下饱和松砂的振动孔隙水压力特性[J].地震工程与工程振动,2007,27(3):156–162.(GUO Ying,LUAN Maotian,HE Yang,et al.Dynamic pore water pressure behavior for saturated loose sand undergoing cyclic rotation of principal stress axes[J].Journal of Earthquake Engineering and Engineering Vibration,2007,27(3):156–162.(in Chinese))
[2]ISHIHARA K,YAMAZAKI A.Analysis of wave-induced liquefaction in seabed deposits of sand[J].Soils and Foundations,1984,24(3):85–100.
[3]TOWHATA I,ISHIHARA K.Undrained strength of sand undergoing cyclic rotation of principal stress axes[J].Soils and Foundations,1985,25(2):135–147.
[4]沈瑞福,王洪瑾,周景星.动主应力轴连续旋转下砂土的动强度[J].水利学报,1996,(1):27–33.(SHEN Ruifu,WANG Hongjin,ZHOU Jingxing.Dynamic strength of sand under cyclic rotation of principal stress axes[J].Journal of Hydraulic Engineering,1996(,1):27–33.(in Chinese))
[5]沈瑞福,王洪瑾,周克骥,等.动主应力旋转下砂土孔隙水压力发展及海床稳定性判断[J].岩土工程学报,1994,16(3):70–78.(SHEN Ruifu,WANG Hongjin,ZHOU Keji,et al.Development of pore water pressure under cyclic rotation of principal stress and evaluation of stability of seabed deposit[J].Chinese Journal of Geotechnical Engineering,1994,16(3):70–78.(in Chinese))
[6]郭莹,刘艳华,栾茂田,等.复杂应力条件下饱和松砂振动孔隙水压力增长的能量模式[J].岩土工程学报,2005,27(12):1 380–1 385.(GUO Ying,LIU Yanhua,LUAN Maotian,et al.Energy pattern of vibration-induced pore water pressure development of saturated loose sand under complex stress condition[J].Chinese Journal of Geotechnical Engineering,2005,27(12):1 380–1 385.(in Chinese))
[7]GEORGIANNOU V N,TSOMOKOS A,STAVROU K.Monotonic and cyclic behavior of sand under torsional loading[J].Geotechnique,2008,58(2):113–124.
[8]LADE P V,KIRKGARD M M.Effects of stress rotation and changes of b-values on cross-anisotropic behavior of natural,K0-consolidated soft clay[J].Soils and Foundations,2000,40(6):93–105.
[9]LIN H,PENUMADU D.Experimental investigation on principal stress rotation in kaolin clay[J].Journal of Geotechnical and Geoenvironmental Engineering,ASCE,2005,131(5):633–642.
[10]沈扬.考虑主应力方向变化的原状软黏土试验研究[博士学位论文][D].杭州:浙江大学,2007.(SHEN Yang.Experimental study on effect of variation of principal stress orientation on undisturbed soft clay[Ph.D.Thesis][D].Hangzhou:Zhejiang University,2007.(in Chinese))
[11]GAO Y F,ZHANG J,SHEN Y,et al.Characteristics of pore water pressure of saturated silt under wave loading[J].China Ocean Engineering,2010,24(1):1–10.
[12]孙锐,袁晓铭.非均等固结下饱和砂土孔压增量简化计算公式[J].岩土工程学报,2005,27(9):1 021–1 025.(SUN Rui,YUAN Xiaoming.Simplified formula for estimating pore water pressure increment of saturated sands under anisotropic consolidation[J].Chinese Journal of Geotechnical Engineering,2005,27(9):1 021–1 025.(in Chinese))
[13]SYMES M J P R,GENS A,HIGHT D W.Undrained anisotropoy and principal stress rotation in saturated sand[J].Geotechnique,1984,34(1):11–27.
[14]YOSHIMINE M,ISHIHARA K,VARGAS W.Effects of principal stress direction and intermediate principal stress on undrained shear behavior of sand[J].Soils and Foundations,1998,38(3):179–188.
[15]CHEN G X,PAN H.Effect of initial stress conditions on the threshold shear strain of Nanjing′s saturated fine sand[J].Earthquake Research in China,2010,24(1):128–136.
[16]付磊,王洪瑾,周景星.主应力偏转角对砂砾料动力特性影响的试验研究[J].岩土工程学报,2000,22(4):436–441.(FU Lei,WANG Hongjin,ZHOU Jingxing.Effect of the initial rotation angle of principal stress on the dynamic properties of sand-gravel materials[J].Chinese Journal of Geotechnical Engineering,2000,22(4):436–441.(in Chinese))
[17]郭莹,栾茂田,何杨,等.主应力轴持续旋转条件下饱和松砂的振动孔隙水压力特性[J].地震工程与工程振动,2007,27(3):156–162.(GUO Ying,LUAN Maotian,HE Yang,et al.Dynamic pore water pressure behavior for saturated loose sand undergoing cyclic rotation of principal stress axes[J].Journal of Earthquake Engineering and Engineering Vibration,2007,27(3):156–162.(in Chinese))
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