3D激光扫描与岩体结构精细测量方法比较研究——以锦屏Ⅰ级水电站为例
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摘要
与传统的工程地质勘察方法相比,3D激光扫描,是一种新兴的工程地质勘察方法,以速度快、精度高、完全非接触测量为显著特征,因而逐步得到广泛应用,并且有日渐替代前者的趋势.3D激光扫描是否将会替代传统地质勘察方法,一直是许多学者关心的问题.这次研究,以工程实践为基础,通过对2种方法本身特点的对比,以及二者所获得包括结构面迹长、间距、Jv和RQD等工程地质要素的相关性分析,文章得出了新的认识.概言之,这种新的认识体现在,3D激光扫描较传统的工程地质勘察方法,间距值与RQD值较高,结构面迹长值、Jv值较低.最终可知,2种方法各具优势与不足,都有其自身适用的工况,并且,二者互为补充;二者所获得的上述工程要素具有正相关性,或者同向变化趋势.研究结果,丰富了该领域的研究内容,不仅指导了工程应用,而且有一定的理论意义.
Compared with traditional geologic investigation,3D laser scanning technology is a new engineering geology investigation method,and it is being gradually applied widely due to its predominant characteristics,namely,high speed,high accuracy and noncontact measurement.Moreover,it may be used as a substitute for the former.This problem was thought by many scholars for a long time.Based on engineering practice,3D laser scanning technology and traditional refined mesh investigation were firstly compared according to themselves characteristics.Subsequently,The parameters of rock mass structure including trace length,spacing,Jv and RQD that were attained by the two methods respectively,were analyzed on their relativity.New resulting viewpoints are put forward.In brief,these results include that the values of spacing and RQD(/trace length and Jv) from 3D laser scanning are higher(/lower) than those from traditional method.As a result,the two methods have all themselves advantages and shortages.So they are applied to different working condition;In addition,either of them is helpful supplement for the other one.The above engineering parameters show positive relativity,or cocurrent change.These researching results enrich studying achievements in this field,which not only give valuable directions to engineering practices,but also have some theoretical value.
Compared with traditional geologic investigation,3D laser scanning technology is a new engineering geology investigation method,and it is being gradually applied widely due to its predominant characteristics,namely,high speed,high accuracy and noncontact measurement.Moreover,it may be used as a substitute for the former.This problem was thought by many scholars for a long time.Based on engineering practice,3D laser scanning technology and traditional refined mesh investigation were firstly compared according to themselves characteristics.Subsequently,The parameters of rock mass structure including trace length,spacing,Jv and RQD that were attained by the two methods respectively,were analyzed on their relativity.New resulting viewpoints are put forward.In brief,these results include that the values of spacing and RQD(/trace length and Jv) from 3D laser scanning are higher(/lower) than those from traditional method.As a result,the two methods have all themselves advantages and shortages.So they are applied to different working condition;In addition,either of them is helpful supplement for the other one.The above engineering parameters show positive relativity,or cocurrent change.These researching results enrich studying achievements in this field,which not only give valuable directions to engineering practices,but also have some theoretical value.
引文
[1]黄焱波.锦屏一级水电站大坝右岸建基岩体质量复核研究[D].成都:成都理工大学,2009.Huang Y B.Study of foundation rock mass quality checking on theright bank of Jinping I Hydropower Station[D].Chengdu:ChengduUniversity of Technology,2009.
[2]郭海庆.复杂混凝土坝坝基对坝体结构行为影响的分析理论和方法研究[D].南京:河海大学,2002.Guo HQ.Study on the analysis theroy and method of the influence ofcomples concree dam base to the structure behaviors of dam body[D].Nanjing:Hohai University,2002.
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[4]黄润秋,陈剑平,胡卸文,等.复杂岩体结构精细描述及其工程应用[M].北京:科学出版社,2004.Huang R Q,Chen J P,Hu X W,et al.Accurate descript of complesrock mass structure and engineering applications[M].Beiing:Science Press,2004.
[5]Abellón A,Martínez J,Vilaplana J M.Application of a long-rangeterrestrial laser scanner to a detailed rockfall study at Vall de Núria(Eastern Pyrenees,Spain)[J].Engineering Geology,2006,88(3):136-148.
[6]Singh S,West J.Cyclone:a laser scanner for mobile robotnavigation[R].Technical Report,Carnegie Mellon University,Robotics Institute,CMU-RI-TR-91-18.1991.
[7]Hancock J,Langer D,Hebert M,et al.Active Laser Radar for high-performance measurements[A].Proceedings of the 1998 IEEEInternational Conference on Robotics and Automation,1998 May 16-20,Leuven,Belgium.2:1465-1470.
[8]董秀军,黄润秋.三维激光扫描测量在汶川地震后都汶公路快速抢通中的应用[J].工程地质学报,2008,16(6):774-779.Dong X J,Huang R Q.Application of 3D Laser Scanner in MakingDuwen Road travelable in short term after Wenchuan Earthquake[J].Journal of Egnineering Geology,2008,16(6):774-779.
[9]谢瑞,胡敏捷,程效军,等.三维激光HDS3000扫描仪点位精度分析与研究[J].遥感信息,2008(6):53-57.Xie R,Hu MJ,Cheng X J,et al.Study on point precision of3D laserscanning based on HDS3000[J].Remote Sensing Information,2008(6):53-57.
[10]李滨.徕卡三维激光扫描系统在文物保护领域的应用[J].测绘通报,2008(6):72-73.Li B.Application of Leica 3D Laser Scanner to protection ofantique[J].Bulletin of Surveying and Mapping,2008(6):72-73.
[11]董秀军,黄润秋.三维激光扫描技术在高陡边坡地质调查中的应用[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2006,25(s2):3629-3635.Dong X J,Huang R Q.Application of 3D laser scanningtechnology to geologic survey of high and steep slope[J].ChineseJournal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,2006,25(s2):3629-3635.
[12]Huang R Q,Dong X J.Application of three-dimensional laserscanning and surveying in geological investigation of high rockslope[J].Journal of China University of Geosciences,2008,19(2):184-190.
[13]徐进军,张民伟.地面3维激光扫描仪:现状与发展[J].测绘通报,2007(1):47-50.Xu J J,Zhang M W.Status and development of terrestrial laserscanner[J].Bulletin of Surveying and Mapping,2007(1):47-50.
[14]何秉顺,丁留谦,孙平.三维激光扫描系统在岩体结构面识别中的应用[J].中国水利水电科学研究院学报,2007,5(1):43-48.He B S,Ding L Q,Sun P.The application of 3D laser scanningtechnology in rock joint sets identification[J].Journal of ChinaInstitute of Water Resources and Hydropower Research,2007,5(1):43-48.
[15]马立广.地面三维激光扫描测量技术研究[D].武汉:武汉大学,2005.Ma L G.The research of terrestrial laser scanning technology[D].Wuhan:Wuhan University,2005.
[16]孙瑜,严明,覃秀玲.HDS4500三维激光扫描仪的地质工程应用[J].河北工程大学学报(自然科学版),2008,25(4):86-88.Sun Y,Yan M,Qin X L.Study on geological engineeringapplication of Leica Hds4500 Three-Dimensional Laser Scanner[J].Journal of Hebei University of Engineering(Natural ScienceEdition),2008,25(4):86-88.
[2]郭海庆.复杂混凝土坝坝基对坝体结构行为影响的分析理论和方法研究[D].南京:河海大学,2002.Guo HQ.Study on the analysis theroy and method of the influence ofcomples concree dam base to the structure behaviors of dam body[D].Nanjing:Hohai University,2002.
[3]任自民,马代馨,沈泰,等.三峡工程坝基岩体工程研究[M].武汉:中国地质大学出版社,1998.Ren Z M,Ma D X,Shen T,et al.Rock engineering of three gorgedam base[M].Wuhan:China University of Geosciences Press,1998.
[4]黄润秋,陈剑平,胡卸文,等.复杂岩体结构精细描述及其工程应用[M].北京:科学出版社,2004.Huang R Q,Chen J P,Hu X W,et al.Accurate descript of complesrock mass structure and engineering applications[M].Beiing:Science Press,2004.
[5]Abellón A,Martínez J,Vilaplana J M.Application of a long-rangeterrestrial laser scanner to a detailed rockfall study at Vall de Núria(Eastern Pyrenees,Spain)[J].Engineering Geology,2006,88(3):136-148.
[6]Singh S,West J.Cyclone:a laser scanner for mobile robotnavigation[R].Technical Report,Carnegie Mellon University,Robotics Institute,CMU-RI-TR-91-18.1991.
[7]Hancock J,Langer D,Hebert M,et al.Active Laser Radar for high-performance measurements[A].Proceedings of the 1998 IEEEInternational Conference on Robotics and Automation,1998 May 16-20,Leuven,Belgium.2:1465-1470.
[8]董秀军,黄润秋.三维激光扫描测量在汶川地震后都汶公路快速抢通中的应用[J].工程地质学报,2008,16(6):774-779.Dong X J,Huang R Q.Application of 3D Laser Scanner in MakingDuwen Road travelable in short term after Wenchuan Earthquake[J].Journal of Egnineering Geology,2008,16(6):774-779.
[9]谢瑞,胡敏捷,程效军,等.三维激光HDS3000扫描仪点位精度分析与研究[J].遥感信息,2008(6):53-57.Xie R,Hu MJ,Cheng X J,et al.Study on point precision of3D laserscanning based on HDS3000[J].Remote Sensing Information,2008(6):53-57.
[10]李滨.徕卡三维激光扫描系统在文物保护领域的应用[J].测绘通报,2008(6):72-73.Li B.Application of Leica 3D Laser Scanner to protection ofantique[J].Bulletin of Surveying and Mapping,2008(6):72-73.
[11]董秀军,黄润秋.三维激光扫描技术在高陡边坡地质调查中的应用[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2006,25(s2):3629-3635.Dong X J,Huang R Q.Application of 3D laser scanningtechnology to geologic survey of high and steep slope[J].ChineseJournal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,2006,25(s2):3629-3635.
[12]Huang R Q,Dong X J.Application of three-dimensional laserscanning and surveying in geological investigation of high rockslope[J].Journal of China University of Geosciences,2008,19(2):184-190.
[13]徐进军,张民伟.地面3维激光扫描仪:现状与发展[J].测绘通报,2007(1):47-50.Xu J J,Zhang M W.Status and development of terrestrial laserscanner[J].Bulletin of Surveying and Mapping,2007(1):47-50.
[14]何秉顺,丁留谦,孙平.三维激光扫描系统在岩体结构面识别中的应用[J].中国水利水电科学研究院学报,2007,5(1):43-48.He B S,Ding L Q,Sun P.The application of 3D laser scanningtechnology in rock joint sets identification[J].Journal of ChinaInstitute of Water Resources and Hydropower Research,2007,5(1):43-48.
[15]马立广.地面三维激光扫描测量技术研究[D].武汉:武汉大学,2005.Ma L G.The research of terrestrial laser scanning technology[D].Wuhan:Wuhan University,2005.
[16]孙瑜,严明,覃秀玲.HDS4500三维激光扫描仪的地质工程应用[J].河北工程大学学报(自然科学版),2008,25(4):86-88.Sun Y,Yan M,Qin X L.Study on geological engineeringapplication of Leica Hds4500 Three-Dimensional Laser Scanner[J].Journal of Hebei University of Engineering(Natural ScienceEdition),2008,25(4):86-88.
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