双包层单模光纤传感器及其在温度/湿度传感方面的应用
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摘要
提出了一种双包层单模光纤传感器结构,根据波导理论推导出了光纤中导模变为泄漏模时,外包层折射率与双包层结构参量之间的关系,获得了这种光强调制型传感器可测量的折射率变化范围。利用已知热光系数的材料制作的温度传感器,从实验上证实了理论分析结果,并由理论与实验结果的分析得到了传感器的工作原理是:导模变为泄漏模后,输出光强与外包层一定范围的折射率变化有准线性关系。获得了在55~105℃的温度范围内的具有准线性响应的温度传感器,光强变化范围达到了39 dB;提出了利用一种围栏结构在光纤上涂覆敏感材料的简便方法,用琼脂糖制作出了插入损耗仅0.5 dB、相对湿度(RH)在30%~100%范围具有准线性响应、光强变化范围接近9 dB的光纤湿度传感器。
A new type of sensor based on a doubly cladding single-mode optical fiber is proposed.The measurable range of the refractive index changes for the sensors is analyzed theoretically and demonstrated experimentally,which corresponds to the case that the fundamental mode in the fiber becomes leaky.Based on the analysis for the theoretical and the experimental results,the principle of the sensor is got.The output of the optical power of the sensor is almost inversely proportional to the refractive index of the outer cladding in some range of variation after the base mode in the fiber becoming leaky.A sensor with a linear response in the temperature range of 55~105 ℃ and an optical power variation of 39 dB is obtained.A new method of recoating hydrogels on optical fibers is verified.A humidity sensor fabricated by agarose shows a power variation of 9 dB in the moisture range of 30%~100%RH and insertion loss of 0.5 dB.
A new type of sensor based on a doubly cladding single-mode optical fiber is proposed.The measurable range of the refractive index changes for the sensors is analyzed theoretically and demonstrated experimentally,which corresponds to the case that the fundamental mode in the fiber becomes leaky.Based on the analysis for the theoretical and the experimental results,the principle of the sensor is got.The output of the optical power of the sensor is almost inversely proportional to the refractive index of the outer cladding in some range of variation after the base mode in the fiber becoming leaky.A sensor with a linear response in the temperature range of 55~105 ℃ and an optical power variation of 39 dB is obtained.A new method of recoating hydrogels on optical fibers is verified.A humidity sensor fabricated by agarose shows a power variation of 9 dB in the moisture range of 30%~100%RH and insertion loss of 0.5 dB.
引文
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2 Wu Yonghong,Qu Wenjun,Shao Changjianget al..Basicoptical-mechanical transformation theoretical equation for FBGstrain sensors[J].Acta Optica Sinica,2009,29(8):2067~2070吴永红,屈文俊,邵长江等.光纤光栅应变传感器光-力转换的理论方程[J].光学学报,2009,29(8):2067~2070
3 Byoungho Lee.Review of the present status of optical fibersensors[J].Opt.Fiber Technol.,2003,9(2):57~79
4 Qiao Xueguang,Ding Feng,Jia Zhenanet al..High precisionoptical fiber Bragg grating demodulation system based on thesource filtering for seismic detection[J].Acta Optica Sinica,2010,30(8):2219~2223乔学光,丁锋,贾振安等.基于光源滤波的高精度光纤光栅地震检波解调系统[J].光学学报,2010,30(8):2219~2223
5 Xu Bingshi,Xiao Wen.Research of acoustic sounding sensorsover obstructs based on reflective intensity modulated fiber-opticsensor[J].Acta Optica Sinica,2010,30(9):2508~2512许秉时,肖文.基于强度型光纤传感器的声波隔体探测关键技术研究[J].光学学报,2010,30(9):2508~2512
6 Yang Jianchun,Xu Longjun,Zhang Penget al..Sensingcharacteristic of optical fiber refractive index sensor based on corediameter mismatch[J].Acta Optica Sinica,2009,29(5):1183~1187杨建春,徐龙君,章鹏等.纤芯失配型光纤传感器折射率敏感特性[J].光学学报,2009,29(5):1183~1187
7 Li Yajuan,Dang Yagu,Fei Dejunet al..Review of lightintensitymodulated hum idity sensor[J].Transducer&Microsystem Technologies,2009,28(7):5~8,11李雅娟,党亚固,费德君等.光强调制型光纤湿度传感器评述[J].传感器与微系统,2009,28(7):5~8,11
8 L.Falco,H.Berthou,F.Cochetet al..Temperature sensorusing single mode fiber evanescent field absorption[C].SPIE,1985,586:114~119
9 Sameer M.Chandani,Nicolas A.F.Jaeger.Fiber-optictemperature sensor using evanescent fields in D fibers[J].IEEEPhoton.Technol.Lett.,2005,17(12):2706~2708
10 Lei Zhang,Fuxing Gu,Jingyi Louet al..Fast detection ofhumidity with a subwavelength diameter fiber taper coated withgelatin film[J].Opt.Express,2008,16(17):13349-13353
11 Huang Xuguang,Ye Xiaojing,Zhang Xiaokanget al..Designand attenuation analysis for fiber-typed variable optical attenuatorbased on thermo-optic effect[J].Acta Optica Sinica,2006,26(12):1787~1791黄旭光,叶晓靖,张小康等.光纤型热光可调光衰减器的设计及其衰减分析[J].光学学报,2006,26(12):1787~1791
12 Xiaokang Zhang,Delin Yan,Shupei Moet al..Fabrication andcharacterization of doubly cladding fiber optical temperaturesensors[C].SPIE,2009,7508:750807
13 Michel Monerie.Propagation in doubly clad single-mode fibers[J].IEEE J.Quant.Electron.,1982,18(4):535~542
14 Marko Kezmah,Denis Donlagic.All-fiber,low-cost single-pointand quasi-distributed evanescent field temperature sensors withextended temperature measurement range,based on standardtelecommunication graded index fibers[J].Appl.Opt.,2008,47(23):4212~4220
15 Xiaokang Zhang,Runhua Li.Determination of zero incidentangle by optical feedback effect and its applications in themeasurement of refractive indices[C].SPIE,2009,7506:750620
16 Francisco J.Arregui,Zuri Ciaurriz,Maria Onecaet al..Anexperimental study about hydrogels for the fabrication of opticalfiber humidity sensors[J].Sens.Actuators B,2003,96(1-2):165~172
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