阴山造山带及鄂尔多斯盆地北部地区上地壳的地震波属性结构及岩性推断
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摘要
通过对跨越阴山造山带及鄂尔多斯块体北部的长剖面进行人工源宽角反射/折射地震探测,采集了地震记录中Sg震相的走时,并进行了反演,求得了沿剖面辖区的上地壳S波速度结构模型.同时利用P波和S波速度结构求取了剖面沿线上地壳中泊松比的分布.根据所得到的地震波场属性与结构,结合该区已有的地质研究成果和钻孔信息,推断了剖面沿线不同构造块体的物性分布特征.研究结果表明:沿该剖面自南向北包括鄂尔多斯块体北部、呼包凹陷盆地、阴山造山带和苏尼特褶皱系等四大不同构造块体,它们无论是在地震波速度结构、泊松比分布特征以及岩性构造特征等方面均呈现出明显的差异.在上述研究的基础上,探讨了沿剖面各构造块体的矿产资源以及油、气、煤等能源的赋存及勘探开发前景.
A deep seismic wide-angle reflection/refraction sounding profile was set across the Yinshan orogenic belt and the northern Ordos basin.Using the travel time data obtained from the seismic sounding record,we determined the S wave velocity structure of the upper crust beneath the profile.Meanwhile,we calculated the Poisson ratio distribution along the profile using both the P wave and S wave velocity data.Based on the seismic wave field properties and structure,as well as the geological research result and the borehole data,the lithological distribution beneath the profile was deducted.The research result suggests that this profile could be divided into four major parts,which are the northern part of the Ordos basin,the Hubao depression basin, Yinshan orogenic belt and the Sunit fold system.There exist different characteristics in velocity structure,Poisson ratio distribution,and lithological composition in these four tectonic units.On basis of all the research mentioned above,we discussed the occurrence and exploitation prospects of mineral resources,coal,oil and gas energy in different tectonic units along the profile.
A deep seismic wide-angle reflection/refraction sounding profile was set across the Yinshan orogenic belt and the northern Ordos basin.Using the travel time data obtained from the seismic sounding record,we determined the S wave velocity structure of the upper crust beneath the profile.Meanwhile,we calculated the Poisson ratio distribution along the profile using both the P wave and S wave velocity data.Based on the seismic wave field properties and structure,as well as the geological research result and the borehole data,the lithological distribution beneath the profile was deducted.The research result suggests that this profile could be divided into four major parts,which are the northern part of the Ordos basin,the Hubao depression basin, Yinshan orogenic belt and the Sunit fold system.There exist different characteristics in velocity structure,Poisson ratio distribution,and lithological composition in these four tectonic units.On basis of all the research mentioned above,we discussed the occurrence and exploitation prospects of mineral resources,coal,oil and gas energy in different tectonic units along the profile.
引文
1) 鄂尔多斯地区澄城包头地震深度剖面.中石油内部资料.
[1] 徐锡伟,程国良,马杏垣等.华北及其邻区块体转动模式和动力来源.中国地质大学学报--地球科学,1 994,19(2) :129～138 Xu X W,Cheng G L,Ma X Y,et al.Rotation model and dynamics of blocks in North China and its adjacent areas.Earth Science-Journal of China University of Geosciences (in Chinese),1994,19(2) :129～138
[2] 国家地震局《鄂尔多斯周缘活动断裂系》课题组.鄂尔多斯周缘活动断裂系.北京:地震出版社,1988 Group of the "Active fault systems around the Ordos basin"of the China Seismological Bureau.Active Fault Systems Around the Ordos Basin (in Chinese).Beijing:Seismological Press,1988
[3] 张振法.阴山山链隆起机制及有关问题探讨.内蒙古地质,1995,(1) :1 7～35 Zhang Z F.Approach to the mechanism and relative problems of Yinshan China uplift.Geology of Inner Mongolia (in Chinese),1995 ,(1) :17～35
[4] 李祥,包东健,陈原平等.内蒙古中部地区壳幔介质的分层结构.华北地震科学,1987,5(4) :60～67 Li X,Bao D J,Chen Y P,et al.The layered structure of the crust and mantle medium in central Inner Mongolia.North China Earthquake Sciences (in Chinese),1987,5(4) :60～67
[5] 李清河,郭守年,吕德徽.鄂尔多斯西缘与西南缘深部结构与构造.北京:地震出版社1999 Li Q H,Guo S N,L(u|¨) D H.The Deep Structure and Tectonics in the Western and Southwestern Margin of Ordos Basin (in Chinese).Beijing:Seismological Press,1999
[6] 江钊,孙洁,徐常芳等.江苏响水内蒙古满都拉地壳上地幔电性结构初探--地学断面研究报道之三.地震地质,1990,12(3) :193～206 Jiang Z,Sun J,Xu C F,et al.Preliminary study for electrical structure of crust and upper mantle from Xiangshui,Jiangsu to Mandula of Inner Mongolia.Seismology and Geology (in Chinese),1990,12(3) :193～206
[7] 王光杰,王谦身,滕吉文等.阴山 大青山山系特异重力场与深部构造.地球物理学进展,2004,19(3) :602～607 Wang G J,Wang Q S,Teng J W,et al.The special Bouguer gravity fields and the deep structure in Yinshan-Daqingshan mountains.Progress in Geophysics (in Chinese),2004,19 (3) :602～607
[8] 王谦身,滕吉文,王光杰等.内蒙古阴山地区区域重磁场与深部构造.地球物理学报,2005,48(2) :314～320 Wang Q S,Teng J W,Wang G J,et al.The region gravity and magnetic anomaly fields and the deep structure in Yinshan mountains of Inner Mongolia.Chinese J.Geophys.(in Chinese),2005,48(2) :314～320
[9] 张学民,刁桂苓,束沛镒.鄂尔多斯块体及其东南缘剪切波速度结构与波速比研究.中国地震,2004,20(1) :53～63 Zhang X M,Diao G L,Shu P Y.Study on shear wave velocity structure and velocity ratio under the Ordos plate and its southeastern marginal areas.Earthquake Research in China (in Chinese),2004,20(1) :53～63
[10] 胡家富,张中杰,张慧等.中国内蒙古高原及周边地带岩石圈三维速度结构.地球物理学进展,1 996,11(4) :20～33 Hu J F,Zhang Z J,Zhang H,et al.The 3-D shear wave velocity structure of lithosphere beneath the plateau of Inner Mongolia and its adjacent regions of China.Progress in Geophysics (in Chinese) ,1996 ,11(4) :20～33
[11] 刘昌铨,嘉世旭,杜官恒.江苏响水 内蒙古满都拉地学断面地震折射测深结果.地震地质,1991,13(3) :1 93～204 Liu C Q,Jia S X,Du G H.Result of seismic refraction sounding along the transect from Xiangshui,Jiangsu to Mandula,Inner Mongolia.Seismology and Geology (in Chinese),1991,13(3) :193～204
[12] 滕吉文,王夫运,赵文智等.鄂尔多斯盆地上地壳速度分布与沉积建造和结晶基底起伏的构造研究.地球物理学报,2008,51(6) :1753～1766 Teng J W,Wang F Y,Zhao W Z,et al.Velocity distribution of upper crust,undulation of sedimentary formation and crystalline basement beneath the Ordos basin in North China.Chinese J.Geophys.(in Chinese) ,2008,51 (6) :1753～1766
[13] 刘宝峰,李松林,张先康等.玛沁靖边剖面S波资料研究与探讨.地震学报,2003,25(1) :82～88 Liu B F,Li S L,Zhang X K,et al.Study of crustal structure with S-wave data from Maqin-Jingbian profile.Acta Seismologica Sinica (in Chinese),2003,25(1) :82～88
[14] Vidale J.Finite-difference calculation of travel-times in three dimensions.Geophysics,1990,55:521～526
[15] Hole J A.Nonlinear high-revolution three-dimensional seismic travel time tomography.J.Geophys Res.,1992,135:6553～6562
[16] 王椿镛,张先康,丁志峰等.大别造山带上部地壳结构的有限差分成像.地球物理学报,1997,40(4) :495～502 Wang C Y,Zhang X K,Ding Z F,et al.Finite-difference tomography of upper crustal structure in Dabieshan orogenic belt.Chinese J.Geophys.(in Chinese),1997,40(4) :495～502
[17] 赵俊猛,王清晨,段永红等.天山造山带基底结构的有限差分研究.中国科学D辑:地球科学,2004,34(S1) :13～18 Zhao J M,Wang Q C,Duan Y H,et al.The finite-difference tomography research on the basement structure beneath the Tianshan orogenic belt.Science in China (Ser.D) (in Chinese),2004,34(S1) :13～18
[18] 段永红,张先康,方盛明.华北地区上部地壳结构的三维有限差分层析成像.地球物理学报,2002,45(3) :.362～369 Duan Y H,Zhang X K,Fang S M.Three dimensional finite-difference tomography of velocity of the upper crust in North China.Chinese J.Geophys.(in Chinese) ,2002,45(3) :362～369
[19] 薛荣俊,张维冈.纵横波速度比泊松比及分辨率比较研究.青岛海洋大学学报,1999,29(4) :704～708 Xue R J,Zhang W G.The study of V_p/V_s and σ and the comparison of the discernibility of P and S waves.Journal of Ocean University of Qingdao (in Chinese),1999,29(4) :704～708
[20] 熊绍柏,刘宏兵,王有学等.华南上地壳速度分布与基底、盖层构造研究.地球物理学报,2002,45(6) :784～791 Xiong S B,Liu H B,Wang Y X,et al.A study on velocity distribution in upper crust and tectonics of basement and cover in South China.Chinese J.Geophys.(in Chinese),2002,45(6) :784～791
[21] Christensen N I,Mooney W D.Seismic velocity structure and composition of the continental crust:a global view.J.Geophys.Res.,1995,100:9761～9788
[22] Rudnick R L,Fountain D M.Nature and composition of the continental crust:a lower crustal perspective.Rev.Geophys.,1995,33:267～309
[23] 刘明军,李松林,方盛明等.利用地震波速研究青藏高原东北缘地壳组成及其动力学.地球物理学报,2008,51(2) :412～430 Liu M J,Li S L,Fang S M,et al.Study on crustal composition and geodynamics using seismic velocities in the northeastern margin of the Tibetan plateau.Chinese J.Geophys.(in Chinese) ,2008,51(2) :412～430
[24] Zhang Z,Zhang X,Badal J.Composition of the crust beneath Southeastern China derived from an integrated geophysical dataset.J.Geophys.Res.,2008,113:B04417
[25] 张 晰.大陆地壳岩石结构重建:方法与实例[博士论文].北京:中国科学院地质与地球物理研究所,2007 Zhang X.Reconstructing crustal lithological structure:methods and examples [Ph.D.thesis](in Chinese).Beijing:Institute of Geology and Geophysics,Chinese Academy of Sciences,2007
[26] 王 勤.岩石地震波性质的实验与理论研究.矿物岩石地球化学通报,2007,26(2) :118～126 Wang Q.Experimental and theoretical study on seismic properties of rocks.Bulletin of Mineralogy ,Petrology and Geochemistry (in Chinese),2007,26(2) :118～126
[27] Ji S C,Wang Q,Xia B.Handbook of Seismic Properties of Minerals,Rocks and Ores.Montreal:Polytechnic International Press,2002
[28] 内蒙古自治区地质矿产局.内蒙古自治区区域地质志.北京:地质出版社,1991 Bureau of Geological Minerals of Inner Mongolia.Regional Geological Annals of Inner Mongolia (in Chinese).Beijing:Geological Publishing House,1991
[29] 陕西省地质矿产局.陕西省区域地质志.北京:地质出版社,1989 Bureau of Geological Minerals of Shanxi Province.Regional Geological Annals of Shanxi Province (in Chinese).Beijing:Geological Publishing House,1989
[30] 张福礼,黄舜兴,杨昌贵等.鄂尔多斯盆地天然气地质.北京:地质出版社,1994 Zhang F L,Huang S X,Yang C G,et al.Natural Gas Geology in the Ordos Basin (in Chinese).Beijing:Geological Publishing House,1994
[31] 滕吉文.地球内部物质、能量交换与资源和灾害.地学前缘,2001,8(3) :1～7 Teng J W.The exchange of substance and energy,different sphere coupling and deep dynamical process within the Earth.Earth Science Frontiers (in Chinese) ,2001,8(3) :1～7
[1] 徐锡伟,程国良,马杏垣等.华北及其邻区块体转动模式和动力来源.中国地质大学学报--地球科学,1 994,19(2) :129～138 Xu X W,Cheng G L,Ma X Y,et al.Rotation model and dynamics of blocks in North China and its adjacent areas.Earth Science-Journal of China University of Geosciences (in Chinese),1994,19(2) :129～138
[2] 国家地震局《鄂尔多斯周缘活动断裂系》课题组.鄂尔多斯周缘活动断裂系.北京:地震出版社,1988 Group of the "Active fault systems around the Ordos basin"of the China Seismological Bureau.Active Fault Systems Around the Ordos Basin (in Chinese).Beijing:Seismological Press,1988
[3] 张振法.阴山山链隆起机制及有关问题探讨.内蒙古地质,1995,(1) :1 7～35 Zhang Z F.Approach to the mechanism and relative problems of Yinshan China uplift.Geology of Inner Mongolia (in Chinese),1995 ,(1) :17～35
[4] 李祥,包东健,陈原平等.内蒙古中部地区壳幔介质的分层结构.华北地震科学,1987,5(4) :60～67 Li X,Bao D J,Chen Y P,et al.The layered structure of the crust and mantle medium in central Inner Mongolia.North China Earthquake Sciences (in Chinese),1987,5(4) :60～67
[5] 李清河,郭守年,吕德徽.鄂尔多斯西缘与西南缘深部结构与构造.北京:地震出版社1999 Li Q H,Guo S N,L(u|¨) D H.The Deep Structure and Tectonics in the Western and Southwestern Margin of Ordos Basin (in Chinese).Beijing:Seismological Press,1999
[6] 江钊,孙洁,徐常芳等.江苏响水内蒙古满都拉地壳上地幔电性结构初探--地学断面研究报道之三.地震地质,1990,12(3) :193～206 Jiang Z,Sun J,Xu C F,et al.Preliminary study for electrical structure of crust and upper mantle from Xiangshui,Jiangsu to Mandula of Inner Mongolia.Seismology and Geology (in Chinese),1990,12(3) :193～206
[7] 王光杰,王谦身,滕吉文等.阴山 大青山山系特异重力场与深部构造.地球物理学进展,2004,19(3) :602～607 Wang G J,Wang Q S,Teng J W,et al.The special Bouguer gravity fields and the deep structure in Yinshan-Daqingshan mountains.Progress in Geophysics (in Chinese),2004,19 (3) :602～607
[8] 王谦身,滕吉文,王光杰等.内蒙古阴山地区区域重磁场与深部构造.地球物理学报,2005,48(2) :314～320 Wang Q S,Teng J W,Wang G J,et al.The region gravity and magnetic anomaly fields and the deep structure in Yinshan mountains of Inner Mongolia.Chinese J.Geophys.(in Chinese),2005,48(2) :314～320
[9] 张学民,刁桂苓,束沛镒.鄂尔多斯块体及其东南缘剪切波速度结构与波速比研究.中国地震,2004,20(1) :53～63 Zhang X M,Diao G L,Shu P Y.Study on shear wave velocity structure and velocity ratio under the Ordos plate and its southeastern marginal areas.Earthquake Research in China (in Chinese),2004,20(1) :53～63
[10] 胡家富,张中杰,张慧等.中国内蒙古高原及周边地带岩石圈三维速度结构.地球物理学进展,1 996,11(4) :20～33 Hu J F,Zhang Z J,Zhang H,et al.The 3-D shear wave velocity structure of lithosphere beneath the plateau of Inner Mongolia and its adjacent regions of China.Progress in Geophysics (in Chinese) ,1996 ,11(4) :20～33
[11] 刘昌铨,嘉世旭,杜官恒.江苏响水 内蒙古满都拉地学断面地震折射测深结果.地震地质,1991,13(3) :1 93～204 Liu C Q,Jia S X,Du G H.Result of seismic refraction sounding along the transect from Xiangshui,Jiangsu to Mandula,Inner Mongolia.Seismology and Geology (in Chinese),1991,13(3) :193～204
[12] 滕吉文,王夫运,赵文智等.鄂尔多斯盆地上地壳速度分布与沉积建造和结晶基底起伏的构造研究.地球物理学报,2008,51(6) :1753～1766 Teng J W,Wang F Y,Zhao W Z,et al.Velocity distribution of upper crust,undulation of sedimentary formation and crystalline basement beneath the Ordos basin in North China.Chinese J.Geophys.(in Chinese) ,2008,51 (6) :1753～1766
[13] 刘宝峰,李松林,张先康等.玛沁靖边剖面S波资料研究与探讨.地震学报,2003,25(1) :82～88 Liu B F,Li S L,Zhang X K,et al.Study of crustal structure with S-wave data from Maqin-Jingbian profile.Acta Seismologica Sinica (in Chinese),2003,25(1) :82～88
[14] Vidale J.Finite-difference calculation of travel-times in three dimensions.Geophysics,1990,55:521～526
[15] Hole J A.Nonlinear high-revolution three-dimensional seismic travel time tomography.J.Geophys Res.,1992,135:6553～6562
[16] 王椿镛,张先康,丁志峰等.大别造山带上部地壳结构的有限差分成像.地球物理学报,1997,40(4) :495～502 Wang C Y,Zhang X K,Ding Z F,et al.Finite-difference tomography of upper crustal structure in Dabieshan orogenic belt.Chinese J.Geophys.(in Chinese),1997,40(4) :495～502
[17] 赵俊猛,王清晨,段永红等.天山造山带基底结构的有限差分研究.中国科学D辑:地球科学,2004,34(S1) :13～18 Zhao J M,Wang Q C,Duan Y H,et al.The finite-difference tomography research on the basement structure beneath the Tianshan orogenic belt.Science in China (Ser.D) (in Chinese),2004,34(S1) :13～18
[18] 段永红,张先康,方盛明.华北地区上部地壳结构的三维有限差分层析成像.地球物理学报,2002,45(3) :.362～369 Duan Y H,Zhang X K,Fang S M.Three dimensional finite-difference tomography of velocity of the upper crust in North China.Chinese J.Geophys.(in Chinese) ,2002,45(3) :362～369
[19] 薛荣俊,张维冈.纵横波速度比泊松比及分辨率比较研究.青岛海洋大学学报,1999,29(4) :704～708 Xue R J,Zhang W G.The study of V_p/V_s and σ and the comparison of the discernibility of P and S waves.Journal of Ocean University of Qingdao (in Chinese),1999,29(4) :704～708
[20] 熊绍柏,刘宏兵,王有学等.华南上地壳速度分布与基底、盖层构造研究.地球物理学报,2002,45(6) :784～791 Xiong S B,Liu H B,Wang Y X,et al.A study on velocity distribution in upper crust and tectonics of basement and cover in South China.Chinese J.Geophys.(in Chinese),2002,45(6) :784～791
[21] Christensen N I,Mooney W D.Seismic velocity structure and composition of the continental crust:a global view.J.Geophys.Res.,1995,100:9761～9788
[22] Rudnick R L,Fountain D M.Nature and composition of the continental crust:a lower crustal perspective.Rev.Geophys.,1995,33:267～309
[23] 刘明军,李松林,方盛明等.利用地震波速研究青藏高原东北缘地壳组成及其动力学.地球物理学报,2008,51(2) :412～430 Liu M J,Li S L,Fang S M,et al.Study on crustal composition and geodynamics using seismic velocities in the northeastern margin of the Tibetan plateau.Chinese J.Geophys.(in Chinese) ,2008,51(2) :412～430
[24] Zhang Z,Zhang X,Badal J.Composition of the crust beneath Southeastern China derived from an integrated geophysical dataset.J.Geophys.Res.,2008,113:B04417
[25] 张 晰.大陆地壳岩石结构重建:方法与实例[博士论文].北京:中国科学院地质与地球物理研究所,2007 Zhang X.Reconstructing crustal lithological structure:methods and examples [Ph.D.thesis](in Chinese).Beijing:Institute of Geology and Geophysics,Chinese Academy of Sciences,2007
[26] 王 勤.岩石地震波性质的实验与理论研究.矿物岩石地球化学通报,2007,26(2) :118～126 Wang Q.Experimental and theoretical study on seismic properties of rocks.Bulletin of Mineralogy ,Petrology and Geochemistry (in Chinese),2007,26(2) :118～126
[27] Ji S C,Wang Q,Xia B.Handbook of Seismic Properties of Minerals,Rocks and Ores.Montreal:Polytechnic International Press,2002
[28] 内蒙古自治区地质矿产局.内蒙古自治区区域地质志.北京:地质出版社,1991 Bureau of Geological Minerals of Inner Mongolia.Regional Geological Annals of Inner Mongolia (in Chinese).Beijing:Geological Publishing House,1991
[29] 陕西省地质矿产局.陕西省区域地质志.北京:地质出版社,1989 Bureau of Geological Minerals of Shanxi Province.Regional Geological Annals of Shanxi Province (in Chinese).Beijing:Geological Publishing House,1989
[30] 张福礼,黄舜兴,杨昌贵等.鄂尔多斯盆地天然气地质.北京:地质出版社,1994 Zhang F L,Huang S X,Yang C G,et al.Natural Gas Geology in the Ordos Basin (in Chinese).Beijing:Geological Publishing House,1994
[31] 滕吉文.地球内部物质、能量交换与资源和灾害.地学前缘,2001,8(3) :1～7 Teng J W.The exchange of substance and energy,different sphere coupling and deep dynamical process within the Earth.Earth Science Frontiers (in Chinese) ,2001,8(3) :1～7
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