节理岩质边坡破坏过程的PFC2D数值模拟分析
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摘要
边坡破坏后的运动过程及运动距离预测可以为灾害危险性区划、风险评估等提供定量分析依据,可以为灾后重建规划以及地震区工程建设提供指导。节理岩质边坡的破坏和其后的运动过程非常复杂,没有理论方法可以对这一过程进行合理的描述,而数值模拟方法是研究这一问题的有效途径。采用颗粒流程序PFC2D对节理岩质边坡的破坏和运动过程进行了研究,分析了关键参数对结果的影响,得出了破坏后的堆积形状和最终的运动距离。研究结果表明,颗粒流程序不但可以描述岩石等连续介质,而且可以描述节理岩体以及碎屑等不连续介质,是研究岩质边坡破坏运动的有效方法。
The post-failure behavior of slopes is very important for the hazard map producing and risk assessment of landslide.The kinematic process of heavily jointed rock slopes was simulated using a 2D discrete element model(PFC2D code).The numerical model was composed of discs bonded together,and can simulate the behavior of both intact rocks and joints.A steep rock slope which was intensively disturbed by the Wenchuan Earthquake was analyzed using the PFC2D code.Parametric study was performed to examine the influence of particle bond strength on the geometry of the sediment and runout of the slide.Results showed that the determination of particle properties is the key of the numerical simulation.
The post-failure behavior of slopes is very important for the hazard map producing and risk assessment of landslide.The kinematic process of heavily jointed rock slopes was simulated using a 2D discrete element model(PFC2D code).The numerical model was composed of discs bonded together,and can simulate the behavior of both intact rocks and joints.A steep rock slope which was intensively disturbed by the Wenchuan Earthquake was analyzed using the PFC2D code.Parametric study was performed to examine the influence of particle bond strength on the geometry of the sediment and runout of the slide.Results showed that the determination of particle properties is the key of the numerical simulation.
引文
[1]Li Xiuzhen,Kong Jiming,Deng Hongyan,et al.Analysison characteristics and deformation failure mode of large-scale landslides induced by“5.12”Wenchuan earthquake[J].Journal of Sichuan University:Engineering Science E-dition,2009,41(3):72-77.[李秀珍,孔纪名,邓红艳,等.“5.12”汶川地震滑坡特征及失稳破坏模式分析[J].四川大学学报:工程科学版,2009,41(3):72-77.]
[2]Yin Y,Wang F,Sun P.Landslide hazards triggered by the2008 Wenchuan earthquake,Sichuan,China[J].Land-slides,2009,6:139-151.
[3]Wang F,Cheng Q,Highland L,et al.Preliminary investiga-tion of some large landslides triggered by the 2008 Wen-chuan earthquake,Sichuan Province,China[J].Land-slides,2009,6:47-54.
[4]Potyondy D O,Cundall P A.A bonded-particle model forrock[J].International Journal of Rock Mechanics and Min-ing Sciences,2004,41:1239-1364.
[5]Tang C L,Hu J C,Lin M L,et al.The Tsaoling landslidetriggered by the Chi-Chi earthquake,Taiwan—Insights froma discrete element simulation[J].Engineering Geology,2009,106:1-19.
[6]Wang C,Tannant D D,Lilly P A.Numerical analysis ofthe stability of heavily jointed rock slopes using PFC2D[J].International Journal of Rock Mechanics&Mining Sci-ences,2003,40:415-424.
[7]Hatzor Y H,Arzi A A,Zaslavsky Y,et al.Dynamic stabil-ity analysis of jointed rock slopes using the DDA method:King Herod’s Palace,Masada,Israel[J].InternationalJournal of Rock Mechanics&Mining Sciences,2004,41:813-832.
[8]Stead D,Eberhardt E,Coggan J S.Developments in thecharacterization of complex rock slope deformation and fail-ure using numerical modelling techniques[J].EngineeringGeology,2006,83:217-235.
[9]Tang C A,Xu X H,Kou S Q,et al.Numerical investiga-tion of particle breakage as applied to mechanical crushingPart I:Single-particle breakage[J].International Journal ofRock Mechanics&Mining Sciences,2001,38:1147-1162.
[10]Kou S Q,Liu H Y,Lindqvist P A,et al.Numerical in-vestigation of particle breakage as applied to mechanicalcrushing Part II:Interparticle breakage[J].InternationalJournal of Rock Mechanics&Mining Sciences,2001,38:1163-1172.
[11]Itasca Consulting Group Inc.PFC2D particle flow code in2 dimensions,user’s guide[M].2002,Minneapolis.
[2]Yin Y,Wang F,Sun P.Landslide hazards triggered by the2008 Wenchuan earthquake,Sichuan,China[J].Land-slides,2009,6:139-151.
[3]Wang F,Cheng Q,Highland L,et al.Preliminary investiga-tion of some large landslides triggered by the 2008 Wen-chuan earthquake,Sichuan Province,China[J].Land-slides,2009,6:47-54.
[4]Potyondy D O,Cundall P A.A bonded-particle model forrock[J].International Journal of Rock Mechanics and Min-ing Sciences,2004,41:1239-1364.
[5]Tang C L,Hu J C,Lin M L,et al.The Tsaoling landslidetriggered by the Chi-Chi earthquake,Taiwan—Insights froma discrete element simulation[J].Engineering Geology,2009,106:1-19.
[6]Wang C,Tannant D D,Lilly P A.Numerical analysis ofthe stability of heavily jointed rock slopes using PFC2D[J].International Journal of Rock Mechanics&Mining Sci-ences,2003,40:415-424.
[7]Hatzor Y H,Arzi A A,Zaslavsky Y,et al.Dynamic stabil-ity analysis of jointed rock slopes using the DDA method:King Herod’s Palace,Masada,Israel[J].InternationalJournal of Rock Mechanics&Mining Sciences,2004,41:813-832.
[8]Stead D,Eberhardt E,Coggan J S.Developments in thecharacterization of complex rock slope deformation and fail-ure using numerical modelling techniques[J].EngineeringGeology,2006,83:217-235.
[9]Tang C A,Xu X H,Kou S Q,et al.Numerical investiga-tion of particle breakage as applied to mechanical crushingPart I:Single-particle breakage[J].International Journal ofRock Mechanics&Mining Sciences,2001,38:1147-1162.
[10]Kou S Q,Liu H Y,Lindqvist P A,et al.Numerical in-vestigation of particle breakage as applied to mechanicalcrushing Part II:Interparticle breakage[J].InternationalJournal of Rock Mechanics&Mining Sciences,2001,38:1163-1172.
[11]Itasca Consulting Group Inc.PFC2D particle flow code in2 dimensions,user’s guide[M].2002,Minneapolis.
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