支盘桩–土–高层建筑结构振动台试验的研究
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摘要
设计和实施支盘桩–土–高层建筑结构动力相互作用体系的振动台试验,再现框架结构和桩基的震害现象。通过振动台试验,研究相互作用体系的地震响应、支盘桩对结构体系的阻抗作用和单、双跨框架结构抗震性能的差异,对该体系的试验现象、基频、阻尼比、振型、位移反应和上部结构顶层加速度反应进行了计算和分析。结果表明:相互作用对结构的动力特性和地震反应均有较大的影响,支盘桩具有较好的抗压、抗拔和抗扭曲作用;相同工况时上海人工波激励下的结构最大位移反应比ElCentro波大,说明结构的破坏除与震级有关外,还与地震波的波形有关;双跨框架结构的抗震性能明显好于单跨,并与汶川地震中很多单跨教学楼倒塌的现象一致。研究结果对抗震设计和防灾减灾具有重要的研究意义。
Shaking table test of dynamic interaction of squeezed branch pile-soil-high-rise structure system is designed and carried out,which reproduces the earthquake damage phenomenon of pile foundation and frame structure. The seismic response of dynamic interaction system,the seismic effects of squeezed branch pile and the difference of aseismic capability between single-span and double-span frame structure are studied based on the shaking table test. The test phenomenon,natural frequency,damping ratio,vibration mode,displacement response,acceleration response at the top of superstructure of the system are calculated and analyzed. The test results show that the influence of interaction on structural dynamic characteristics and seismic response is large, the resistant effects of compression,tension and torsion of squeezed branch pile are obvious,the aseismic capability of double-span frame structure is superior to that of single-span frame structure,which is good consistent with collapse phenomenon of many single-span buildings under Wenchuan earthquake. Maximal displacement of structure under excitation of the Shanghai artificial-wave is larger than that of El Centro wave under the same condition,which means the damage of structure not only is related to magnitude but also to the waveform of the seismic waves. The results will have important significance in aseismic design and prevention of seismic disaster.
Shaking table test of dynamic interaction of squeezed branch pile-soil-high-rise structure system is designed and carried out,which reproduces the earthquake damage phenomenon of pile foundation and frame structure. The seismic response of dynamic interaction system,the seismic effects of squeezed branch pile and the difference of aseismic capability between single-span and double-span frame structure are studied based on the shaking table test. The test phenomenon,natural frequency,damping ratio,vibration mode,displacement response,acceleration response at the top of superstructure of the system are calculated and analyzed. The test results show that the influence of interaction on structural dynamic characteristics and seismic response is large, the resistant effects of compression,tension and torsion of squeezed branch pile are obvious,the aseismic capability of double-span frame structure is superior to that of single-span frame structure,which is good consistent with collapse phenomenon of many single-span buildings under Wenchuan earthquake. Maximal displacement of structure under excitation of the Shanghai artificial-wave is larger than that of El Centro wave under the same condition,which means the damage of structure not only is related to magnitude but also to the waveform of the seismic waves. The results will have important significance in aseismic design and prevention of seismic disaster.
引文
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[12]钱德玲,雷超,王东坡,等.相互作用体系中桩基的动力响应[J].岩土工程学报,2006,28(6):709–714.(QIAN Deling,LEI Chao,WANG Dongpo,et al.Dynamic response of pile foundation in interaction system[J].Chinese Journal of Geotechnical Engineering,2006,28(6):709–714.(in Chinese))
[13]武思宇,宋二祥,刘华北,等.刚性桩符合地基抗震性能的振动台试验研究[J].岩土力学,2007,28(1):77–82.(WU Siyu,SONG Erxiang,LIU Huabei,et al.Shaking table test study on a seismic behavior of rigid pile composite foundation[J].Rock and Soil Mechanics,2007,28(1):77–82.(in Chinese))
[14]施卫星,李振刚,李素贞,等.深圳罗湖商务大夏模型振动台对比试验[J].同济大学学报(自然科学版),2008,36(1):12–16.(SHI Weixing,LI Zhengang,LI Suzhen,et al.Comparative test on shaking table model of Luohu commercial tower[J].Journal of Tongji University(Natural Science),2008,36(1):12–16.(in Chinese))
[2]吕西林,陈跃庆,陈波,等.结构–地基动力相互作用体系振动台模型试验研究[J].地震工程与工程振动,2000,20(4):20–29.(LU Xilin,CHEN Yueqing,CHEN Bo,et al.Shaking table testingof dynamic soil-structure interaction system[J].Earthquake Engineering and Engineering Vibration,2000,20(4):20–29.(in Chinese))
[3]楼梦麟,钟珞,袁景凌.地基土–结构相互作用模型试验仿真思路[J].结构工程师,2001,(增):80–83.(LOU Menglin,ZHONG Luo,YUAN Jingling.Simulation method of interaction between ground soil and structure[J].Structural Engineers,2001,(Supp.):80–83.(in Chinese))
[4]李培振,陈跃庆,吕西林,等.较硬分层土–桩基–结构相互作用体系振动台试验[J].同济大学学报,2006,34(3):307–313.(LI Peizhen,CHEN Yueqing,LU Xilin,et al.Shaking table testing of hard layered soil-pile-structure interaction system[J].Journal of Tongji University,2006,34(3):307–313.(in Chinese))
[5]陈跃庆,吕西林,黄炜.结构–地基相互作用振动台试验中土体边界条件的模拟方法[J].结构工程师,2000,(3):25–30.(CHEN Yueqing,LU Xilin,HUANG Wei.Simulation method of soil boundary condition in shaking table tests of soil-structure interaction[J].Structural Engineers,2000,(3):25–30.(in Chinese))
[6]伍小平,孙利民,胡世德,等.振动台试验用层状剪切变形土箱的研制[J].同济大学学报(自然科学版),2002,30(7):781–785.(WU Xiaoping,SUN Limin,HU Shide,et al.Development of laminar shear box used in shaking table test[J].Journal of Tongji University(Natural Science),2002,30(7):781–785.(in Chinese))
[7]鲁亮,吕西林.振动台模型试验中一种消除重力失真效应的动力相似关系研究[J].结构工程师,2001,(4):45–48.(LU Liang,LU Xilin.Study of dynamic similitude law for shaking table test to reduce gravity distortion effect[J].Structural Engineers,2001,(4):45–48.(in Chinese))
[8]陈跃庆,吕西林,李培振,等.分层土–基础–高层框架结构相互作用体系振动台模型试验研究[J].地震工程与工程振动,2001,21(3):104–113.(CHEN Yueqing,LU Xilin,LI Peizhen,et al.Shaking table testing for layered soil-foundation-structure interaction system[J].Earthquake Engineering and Engineering Vibration,2001,21(3):104–113.(in Chinese))
[9]杨树标,李荣华,刘建平,等.振动台试验模型和原型相似关系的理论研究[J].河北工程大学学报(自然科学版),2007,24(1):8–11.(YANG Shubiao,LI Ronghua,LIU Jianping,et al.Theoretical study on similarity relation of vibroplatform test model and original mold[J].Journal of Hebei University of Engineering(Natural Science),2007,24(1):8–11.(in Chinese))
[10]王东坡.支盘桩–地基–结构相互作用体系的振动台试验研究[硕士学位论文][D].合肥:合肥工业大学,2005.(WANG Dongpo.Shaking table tests of branch piles-soil-structure interaction system[M.S.Thesis][D].Hefei:Hefei University of Technology,2005.(in Chinese))
[11]钱德玲.具有高抗拔性能的支盘桩在工程中的应用研究[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2003,22(4):678–682.(QIAN Deling.Engineering application study of squeezed branch pile with high antipulling behavior[J].Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,2003,22(4):678–682.(in Chinese))
[12]钱德玲,雷超,王东坡,等.相互作用体系中桩基的动力响应[J].岩土工程学报,2006,28(6):709–714.(QIAN Deling,LEI Chao,WANG Dongpo,et al.Dynamic response of pile foundation in interaction system[J].Chinese Journal of Geotechnical Engineering,2006,28(6):709–714.(in Chinese))
[13]武思宇,宋二祥,刘华北,等.刚性桩符合地基抗震性能的振动台试验研究[J].岩土力学,2007,28(1):77–82.(WU Siyu,SONG Erxiang,LIU Huabei,et al.Shaking table test study on a seismic behavior of rigid pile composite foundation[J].Rock and Soil Mechanics,2007,28(1):77–82.(in Chinese))
[14]施卫星,李振刚,李素贞,等.深圳罗湖商务大夏模型振动台对比试验[J].同济大学学报(自然科学版),2008,36(1):12–16.(SHI Weixing,LI Zhengang,LI Suzhen,et al.Comparative test on shaking table model of Luohu commercial tower[J].Journal of Tongji University(Natural Science),2008,36(1):12–16.(in Chinese))
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