基于形状记忆合金阻尼器的混凝土框架结构减振分析
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摘要
针对形状记忆合金具有形状记忆效应、超弹性效应和高阻尼特性,利用其超弹性制成的形状记忆合金阻尼器性能优良的耗能减振装置,可以有效地控制结构的动力响应。本文采用ANSYS通用有限元软件,分别建立无阻尼器混凝土框架结构和在相应框架结构各层角点处加形状记忆合金阻尼器两种不同的模型,进行模态分析,再数值模拟加载地震波载荷作用下结构的瞬态动力响应。模态分析结果表明,形状记忆合金阻尼器作为一种记忆和超弹性材料对混凝土框架结构具有良好的减振效果,与理论结果一致。在加阻尼器的单元上,固有频率增大,刚度增大,整体框架结构刚度矩阵减小,同时,通过调整阻尼器的位置,可以明显改变刚度大小,说明阻尼器具有明显的耗能减振效应。瞬态分析计算结果表明,加形状记忆合金阻尼器模型各层位移时程曲线都有不同程度的减小,振幅也有不同程度的衰减;其中位移最大值比无阻尼器模型减小了42%,振幅衰减了31%。但跟其他粘弹性阻尼器比较,形状记忆合金阻尼器作为一种优质高价材料,在混凝土框架结构中的减振效果无明显优势。通过对计算结果的分析,预计该阻尼器适用于大变形钢结构体系。
With the development of material science,being a new material,Shape Memory Alloys(SMA) has a good application prospect in structure engineering;its use also offers a new approach for the structural vibration control.Hence,the study on the SMA dampers and the structural vibration control with these dampers has considerable value.It also analyses blasting damage theory of bedded rock under the situation blast hole axis is vertical to or horizontal with stratification plane and blast gas wedge principal of bedded rock.From the experimental restoring force curve,the damping coefficient and stiffness of damper are calculated.Based on these parameters of the damper,finite element method is adopted to simulate the earthquake response of the frame model,controlled and uncontrolled by SMA dampers.The numerical results illustrate that the earthquake response displacement of the frame is reduced greatly and its vibration decay rate is increased effectively after the developed SMA dampers are fixed in it.Such type of SMA damper is a good device to dissipate energy and to reduce the vibration of the structures.
With the development of material science,being a new material,Shape Memory Alloys(SMA) has a good application prospect in structure engineering;its use also offers a new approach for the structural vibration control.Hence,the study on the SMA dampers and the structural vibration control with these dampers has considerable value.It also analyses blasting damage theory of bedded rock under the situation blast hole axis is vertical to or horizontal with stratification plane and blast gas wedge principal of bedded rock.From the experimental restoring force curve,the damping coefficient and stiffness of damper are calculated.Based on these parameters of the damper,finite element method is adopted to simulate the earthquake response of the frame model,controlled and uncontrolled by SMA dampers.The numerical results illustrate that the earthquake response displacement of the frame is reduced greatly and its vibration decay rate is increased effectively after the developed SMA dampers are fixed in it.Such type of SMA damper is a good device to dissipate energy and to reduce the vibration of the structures.
引文
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[5]司乃潮,赵培根,徐桂芳,等.CuZnAl形状记忆合金框架结构减振计算机模拟[J].噪声与振动控制,2007(4):22-25.
[6]倪立峰,李秋胜,李爱群,韩玉林.新型形状记忆合金阻尼器的试验研究[J].地震工程与工程振动,2002,22(3).
[7]李惠,毛晨曦.新型SMA耗能器及结构地震反应控制试验研究[J].地震工程与工程振动,2003,23(1).
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