煤与瓦斯突出的渗透失稳机理分析
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摘要
为探索煤与瓦斯突出机理,基于流固耦合理论,对地面煤田钻井、实验室巷道增压试验及金属栅栏的抑突效应进行了分析,提出了煤与瓦斯突出属渗透性失稳的观点,其主要内容是:煤层瓦斯压力梯度是反映地应力、瓦斯压力和煤层渗透性相互影响的一种综合性指标。突出分为2个阶段:第1阶段是煤体失稳阶段,产生失稳的动力是瓦斯的渗透力;第2阶段是煤与瓦斯突出的运移阶段,其主要动力是瓦斯的膨胀压力。瓦斯的渗透力取决于瓦斯压力梯度,而瓦斯膨胀压力取决于瓦斯绝对压力。降低煤层瓦斯压力、增加巷道气压背景值及延长渗流途径是降低煤层瓦斯压力梯度的3种途径。
In order to seek the mechanism of the coal and gas outburst,based on the fluid and solid coupling theory,an analysis was conducted on the surface coalfield drilling,the pressurized test of the gateway in lab and the outburst control effect with the metal fences.A view was provided that the coal gas outburst was the permeability stability lost.The main content of the view would be that the gas pressure gradient of the seam would be a comprehensive index to reflect the mutual influences between the ground stress,gas pressure and seam permeability.A outburst could be divided into two stages.The first stage would be a seam lost stability stage and the lost stability dynamic occurred would be the gas permeation power.The second stage would be the migration stage of the coal and gas outburst and main power would be gas expansion pressure.The gas permeation power would be dependent on the gas pressure gradient and the gas expansion pressure would be dependent on the gas absolute pressure.To reduce the gas pressure in the seam,to increase the air pressure background value in the gateway and to expand the influent access would be three accesses to reduce the gas pressure gradient.
In order to seek the mechanism of the coal and gas outburst,based on the fluid and solid coupling theory,an analysis was conducted on the surface coalfield drilling,the pressurized test of the gateway in lab and the outburst control effect with the metal fences.A view was provided that the coal gas outburst was the permeability stability lost.The main content of the view would be that the gas pressure gradient of the seam would be a comprehensive index to reflect the mutual influences between the ground stress,gas pressure and seam permeability.A outburst could be divided into two stages.The first stage would be a seam lost stability stage and the lost stability dynamic occurred would be the gas permeation power.The second stage would be the migration stage of the coal and gas outburst and main power would be gas expansion pressure.The gas permeation power would be dependent on the gas pressure gradient and the gas expansion pressure would be dependent on the gas absolute pressure.To reduce the gas pressure in the seam,to increase the air pressure background value in the gateway and to expand the influent access would be three accesses to reduce the gas pressure gradient.
引文
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[16]和雪松,李世愚,潘科,等.矿山地震与瓦斯突出的相关性及其在震源物理研究中的意义[J].地震学报,2007,29(3):314-327.
[17]韩军,张宏伟,宋卫华,等.煤与瓦斯突出矿井地应力场研究[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2008,27(9):3852-3858.
[18]María B,Díaz Aguado C.González Nicieza,Control and Pre-vention of Gas Outburst in Coal Mines,Riosa-OlloniegoCoalfield,Spain[J].International Journal of Coal Geology,2007,69(4):253-266.
[19]Alexeev A D,Revva V N,Alyshev N A,et al.True TriaxialLoading Apparatus and its Application to Coal Outoutburst Pre-diction[J].International Journal of Coal Geology,2004,58(4):245-250.
[20]许江,陶云奇,尹光志,等.煤与瓦斯突出模拟试验台的研制及应用[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2008,27(11):2354-2362.
[21]虎维岳,李静,王寿全.瓦斯在煤基多孔介质中运移及煤与瓦斯突出机理[J].煤田地质与勘探,2009,37(4):6-14.
[22]蒋承林,郭立稳,王凯.抑制突出增压揭煤法研究[J].中国矿业大学学报,2000,29(4):381-384.
[23]单智勇.防突栅栏的防突机理及应用[J].煤炭学报,2008,33(6):670-674.
[24]谢焰,吴松贵,孙家应.一种防治煤与瓦斯突出的结构及防止突出的方法:中国,201010293731.1[P].2010-09-28.
[2]何学秋,薛二龙,聂百胜,等.含瓦斯煤岩流变特性研究[J].辽宁工程技术大学学报,2007,26(2):201-203.
[3]于不凡.煤和瓦斯突出机理[M].北京:煤炭工业出版社,1985.
[4]章梦涛.煤岩流体力学[M].北京:科学出版社,1995.
[5]梁冰.煤与瓦斯突出固流耦合失稳理论研究[D].沈阳:东北大学,1994.
[6]梁冰,章梦涛,王泳嘉.煤层瓦斯流与煤体变形的耦合数学模型及数值解法[J].岩石力学与工程学报,1996,15(2):135-142.
[7]赵阳升.矿山岩石流体力学[M].北京:煤炭工业出版社,1994.
[8]张我华,金夷,陈云敏.煤/瓦斯突出过程中的能量释放原理[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2000,19(S):829-835.
[9]梁冰,刘建军.煤和瓦斯突出过程中的温度作用机理研究[J].中国地质灾害与防治学报,2000,11(1):79-82.
[10]郭立稳,蒋承林.煤与瓦斯突出过程中影响温度变化的因素分析[J].煤炭学报,2000,25(4):401-403.
[11]蒋承林,俞启香.煤与瓦斯突出的球壳失稳机理及防治技术[M].徐州:中国矿业大学出版社,1998.
[12]郭德勇,韩德馨.煤与瓦斯突出的粘滑失稳机理[J].煤炭学报,2003,28(6):598-602.
[13]张玉贵,张子敏,曹运兴.构造煤结构与瓦斯突出[J].煤炭学报,2007,32(3):281-284.
[14]王继仁,邓存宝,邓汉忠,煤与瓦斯突出微观机理研究[J].煤炭学报,2008,33(2):131-135.
[15]赵志刚,谭云亮,程国强.煤巷掘进迎头煤与瓦斯突出的突变机制分析[J].岩土力学,2008,29(6):1644-1648.
[16]和雪松,李世愚,潘科,等.矿山地震与瓦斯突出的相关性及其在震源物理研究中的意义[J].地震学报,2007,29(3):314-327.
[17]韩军,张宏伟,宋卫华,等.煤与瓦斯突出矿井地应力场研究[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2008,27(9):3852-3858.
[18]María B,Díaz Aguado C.González Nicieza,Control and Pre-vention of Gas Outburst in Coal Mines,Riosa-OlloniegoCoalfield,Spain[J].International Journal of Coal Geology,2007,69(4):253-266.
[19]Alexeev A D,Revva V N,Alyshev N A,et al.True TriaxialLoading Apparatus and its Application to Coal Outoutburst Pre-diction[J].International Journal of Coal Geology,2004,58(4):245-250.
[20]许江,陶云奇,尹光志,等.煤与瓦斯突出模拟试验台的研制及应用[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2008,27(11):2354-2362.
[21]虎维岳,李静,王寿全.瓦斯在煤基多孔介质中运移及煤与瓦斯突出机理[J].煤田地质与勘探,2009,37(4):6-14.
[22]蒋承林,郭立稳,王凯.抑制突出增压揭煤法研究[J].中国矿业大学学报,2000,29(4):381-384.
[23]单智勇.防突栅栏的防突机理及应用[J].煤炭学报,2008,33(6):670-674.
[24]谢焰,吴松贵,孙家应.一种防治煤与瓦斯突出的结构及防止突出的方法:中国,201010293731.1[P].2010-09-28.
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