含孔岩石加载过程的热辐射温度场变化特征
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摘要
选择含圆孔岩石作为试样,利用单轴加载试验系统和红外热像仪,并结合数值模拟分析手段,对模型受力及破裂过程的热辐射时空演化特征进行了试验研究。结果表明:含圆孔岩石在加载过程中压、拉应力呈对称分布,导致热像的升温和降温区对称分布,即压应力区升温,拉应力区降温,应力场与红外辐射温度场之间呈很好的对应关系。试件加载后期发生破裂,破裂的性质与红外辐射温度变化有密切关系,剪性破裂辐射温度升高,而张性破裂辐射温度无明显变化。试件最终呈剪性破裂,而该区域的带状升温是岩石破裂失稳的重要红外前兆。试验结果再次揭示,利用热成像技术可以监测岩石的应力与灾变现象。
The hole rock is selected as a spesimen,and the thermal infrared radiation variation features of hole rock are experimentally studied in the process of loading by using uniaxial loading system and thermal imager,as well as combining the numerical simulation.It is revealed that the distribution of compression stress and tension stress on hole rock are symmetrical,which results in the symmetrical distribution of thermal image.The surface radiation temperature in tension stress area decreases and the radiation temperature in compression stress area increases.There is a fine corresponding relation between stress field and infrared radiation temperature field.In the later period of loading,rock appears fractures and the radiation temperature on shearing fracture is increasing;but the radiation temperature on the position of tension fracture is almost not changed.The fracturing type is closely related to the infrared radiation temperature variation.The rock fails finally along the shearing fracture;and the temperature-increase strip is the important infrared precursor of rock fracture and destabilization.The experimental results indicate again that the thermal imaging technology can detect the stress and catastrophe of rock.
The hole rock is selected as a spesimen,and the thermal infrared radiation variation features of hole rock are experimentally studied in the process of loading by using uniaxial loading system and thermal imager,as well as combining the numerical simulation.It is revealed that the distribution of compression stress and tension stress on hole rock are symmetrical,which results in the symmetrical distribution of thermal image.The surface radiation temperature in tension stress area decreases and the radiation temperature in compression stress area increases.There is a fine corresponding relation between stress field and infrared radiation temperature field.In the later period of loading,rock appears fractures and the radiation temperature on shearing fracture is increasing;but the radiation temperature on the position of tension fracture is almost not changed.The fracturing type is closely related to the infrared radiation temperature variation.The rock fails finally along the shearing fracture;and the temperature-increase strip is the important infrared precursor of rock fracture and destabilization.The experimental results indicate again that the thermal imaging technology can detect the stress and catastrophe of rock.
引文
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[2]强祖基,徐秀登,赁常恭.卫星热红外异常——临震前兆[J].科学通报,1990,35(17):1324-1327.
[3]TRONIN A A.Satellite thermal survey:A new tool for the study of seismoactive regions[J].International Journal of Remote Sensing,1996,17(8):1439-1455.
[4]崔承禹,邓明德,耿乃光.在不同压力下岩石光谱辐射特性研究[J].科学通报,1993,38(6):538-541.
[5]邓明德,崔承禹,耿乃光,等.岩石的红外波段辐射特性研究[J].红外与毫米波学报,1994,13(6):425-430.DENG Ming-de,CUI Cheng-yu,GENG Nai-guang,et al.Study of the infrared waveband radiation characteristics of rocks[J].Journal of Infrared and Millimeter Waves,1994,13(6):425-430.
[6]耿乃光,于萍,邓明德,等.热红外震兆成因的模拟试验研究[J].地震,1998,18(1):83-88.GENG Nai-guang,YU Ping,DENG Ming-de,et al.The simulated experimental studies of cause of thermal infrared precursor of earthquakes[J].Earthquake,1998,18(1):83-88.
[7]刘培洵,刘力强,陈顺云,等.地表岩石变形引起热红外辐射的试验研究[J].地震地质,2004,26(3):502-511.LIU Pei-xun,LIU Li-qiang,CHEN Shun-yun,et al.An experiment on infrared radiation of surficial rocks during deformation[J].Seismology and Geology,2004,26(3):502-511.
[8]FREUND F T.Rocks that crackle and sparkle and glow:strange pre-earthquake phenomena[J].Journal of Scientific Exploration,2003,17:37-71.
[9]WU L X,LIU S J,WU Y H,et al.Precursors for rock fracturing and failure—Part I:IRR image abnormalities[J].International Journal of Rock Mechanics&Mining Sciences,2006,43(3):473-482.
[10]马瑾,刘力强,刘培洵,等.断层失稳错动热场前兆模式:雁列断层的试验研究[J].地球物理学报,2007,50(4):1141-1149.MA Jin,LIU Li-qiang,LIU Pei-xun,et al.Thermal precursory pattern of fault unstable sliding:An experimental study of echelon faults[J].Chinese Journal of Geophysics,2007,50(4):1141-1149.
[11]刘善军,吴立新,张艳博,等.拐折非连通断层加载失稳的热辐射演化特征[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2009,28(增刊2):3342-3348.LIU Shan-jun,WU Li-xin,ZHANG Yan-bo,et al.Evolutive features of thermal radiation of tortuously non-connected fault in the loading and instability process[J].Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,2009,28(Supp.2):3342-3348.
[12]刘善军,吴立新,吴育华,等.受载岩石红外辐射的影响因素及机制研究[J].矿山测量,2003,(3):67-68.LIU Shan-jun,WU Li-xin,WU Yu-hua,et al.Analysis of affecting factors and mechanics of infrared radiation coming from loaded rocks[J].Mine Surveying,2003,(3):67-68.
[13]吴立新,刘善军,吴育华.遥感-岩石力学引论:岩石受力灾变的红外遥感[M].北京:科学出版社,2006.
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