岩石爆破过程S波的产生机制分析
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摘要
全面总结、分析了岩石爆破过程S波的产生机制,表明短柱状药包、炮孔周围岩体的开裂与破碎以及装药偏离球形或柱形空腔中心,均可诱发S波,并且诱发S波的幅值可超过P波;P波传播过程与岩体界面的相互作用,可产生次生的S波(透、反射SV波)。在此基础上,就爆破振动场模拟方法与计算模型选择中如何体现S波的产生机制方面提出了建议。
Mechanisms of S wave induced during rock fragmentation by blasting are concluded and analyzed as follows.The short column charge,cracking and breakage of rock mass around blast hole and deviation of charge away from the centre of spherical or cylindrical cavities can induce S wave.The interaction of P wave with rock interfaces during propagation can produce secondary S waves(transmitted and reflected S waves).On the basis of this,some proposals on how to choose the numerical method and calculation model during blasting vibration simulation are put forward so as to reflect the mechanisms of induced S waves.
Mechanisms of S wave induced during rock fragmentation by blasting are concluded and analyzed as follows.The short column charge,cracking and breakage of rock mass around blast hole and deviation of charge away from the centre of spherical or cylindrical cavities can induce S wave.The interaction of P wave with rock interfaces during propagation can produce secondary S waves(transmitted and reflected S waves).On the basis of this,some proposals on how to choose the numerical method and calculation model during blasting vibration simulation are put forward so as to reflect the mechanisms of induced S waves.
引文
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[11]JOHN O HALLQUIST.LS-DYNA theoretical manual[R].[S.l.]:Livermore Software Technology Corporation,1998.
[2]田勇.爆破地震波中S波的产生机理及计算方法研究[硕士学位论文D].武汉:武汉大学,2010.
[3]JEFFRY L STEVENS,XU He-ming,BAKER ELI G.Analysis of shear wave generation by decoupled andpartially coupled explosions[C]//Proceedings of the 28thSeismic Research Review:Ground-Based NuclearExplosion Monitoring.Orlando:[s.n.],2006,1:693-703.
[4]FAVREAU R F.Generation of strain waves in rock by anexplosion in a spherical cavity[J].Geophysical ResearchLetters,1969,74:4267-4280.
[5]ACHENBACH J D.弹性固体中波的传播[M].徐植信,洪锦如,译.上海:同济大学出版社,1992.
[6]STARFIED A M,PUGLIESE J M.Compression wavesgenerated in rock by cylindrical explosive charges:acomparison between a computer and measurements[J].International Journal of Rock Mechanics and MiningScience,1968,5:65-77.
[7]HEELAN P A.Radiation from a cylindrical source offinite length[J].Geophys.,1953,18:685-696.
[8]ABO-ZENA A M.Radiation From a finite cylindricalexplosive source[J].Geophysical Research Letters,1977,42:1384-1393.
[9]严波,曾新吾.解耦爆炸中震源位置偏离对激发S波的影响[J].地震地磁观测与研究,2008,29(4):33-37.YAN Bo,ZENG Xin-wu.The effects of offset ofexplosion on generation of shear waves from decoupledexplosion in the cavity[J].Seismological andGeomagnetic Observation and Research,2008,29(4):33-37.
[10]王礼立.应力波基础(第2版)[M].北京:国防工业出版社,2005.
[11]JOHN O HALLQUIST.LS-DYNA theoretical manual[R].[S.l.]:Livermore Software Technology Corporation,1998.
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